Objective To observe the adsorption of fentanyl by different materials of the analgesic pump reservoir. Methods The concentrations of fentanyl in pump reservoirs,which were made by different materials （glass,silica gel,polyvinyl chloride,non polyvinyl chloride） were detected with the time by high-performance liquid chromatography. The measurement was repeated three times.Results Fentanyl concentration in these reservoirs decreased with time,which decreased 6.3% in silica gel reservoir （P0.05）,2.7% in non polyvinyl chloride（P0.05）,1.5% in PVC and 1.2% in glass bottles.Conclusion Fentanyl citrate will be adsorbed by different materials of analgesia pump reservoir within 72 h,and the adsorption sequence was silica capsule,non polyvinyl chloride,polyvinyl chloride,and glass bottles.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of sitagliptin phosphate combine with acarbose on blood glucose,blood lipid and the serum glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:86 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into control group and observation group,43 cases in each group. All patients received guidance about diet,exercise and living habits,etc.,as well as the care about psychology and medication. Based on it,control group was given Acarbose tablet 50 mg/times,tid,chewing when a meal;observation group was given Acarbose tablet(the same dosage and usage)+ Sitagliptin phosphate tablet 100 mg/times,qd,orally. They were treated for 3 months. Fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc),body mass index(BMI),fasting insulin(FINs),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),islet B-cell function index(HOMA-B),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipo-protein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)before and after treatment in 2 groups were compared, the incidence of adverse reactions was recorded. Other 43 healthy people were selected as healthy control group,the differences of serum GLUT4 levels before and after treatment between the 2 groups and healthy control group were respectively compared. RE-SULTS:After treatment,the BMI,FBG,2 hPG,HbAlc,HOMA-IR,FINs,TC,TG and LDL-C level were significantly lower than before,observation group was lower than control group;HOMA-B and HDL-C level were significantly higher than before,ob-servation group was higher than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,the serum GLUT4 level in 2 groups were significant lower than healthy control group with satistical significance(P<0.05);after treatment,the serum GLUT4 level in control group there was no significant different than before(P>0.05),while the serum GLUT4 level in observation group was significant higher than before and control group;and the serum GLUT4 level in 2 groups were still significant lower than healthy control group(P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:Sitagliptin phosphate combine with acarbose can effectively control patients'blood glucose and lipid levels in the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes,improve HOMA-B and serum GLUT4 level,and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions,with good safety.

In order to study the role of prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)on the pathogenesis of candidal vaginitis,the effect of Candida albicans and histamine on the production of PGE_2 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with candidal vaginitis and normal controls,the effect of PGE2 on germ tube formation of Candida albicans,and the effect of PGE2 on Candida albicans adhering to vaginal ep- ithelial cells were observed.The results showed that:Candida albicans and histamine induced PGE2 synergistically,and the production of PGE2 increased markedly.PGE2 enhanced germ tube formation in Candida albicans,increased the number of Candida albicans adhering to the vaginal epithelial cells, and the pathogenicity of C.albicans.The above results indicate that PGE_2 plays a role in the pathogene- sis of candidal vaginitis.

Enhancing medical humanistic quality education is the essence of medicine and it is also a necessity of conforming to the transformation of medical model.The pathological teachers should improve their humanistic quality actively,integrate humanistic quality training into pathology teaching and focus on training the social responsibility and healthy psychological qualities in order to enhance medical students' humanistic accomplishment and to make them become high qualified medical talents.

Objective: To research the activity of antibacterial proteins isolated from Musca domestica during larvae-pupae metamorphosis. Methods: The 5-day-old larvae of Musca domestica were injured with a needle. 24h later, the larvae which had changed into pupae were selected. The antibacterial protein was isolated by a four-step protocol including grinding, heating, CM-sepharose F. F. cationexchange chromatography and another CM-sepharose F. F. chromatography. Antibacterial activities of samples were tested by an ultrasensitive radial diffusion assay using Staphylococcus aureus as the indicator organism. The molecular weight of the isolated protein was determined by SDS-PAGE.Results: The molecular weight of this isolated protein was 43kDa, and its antibacterial activity was strong. Conclusions: A kind of protein with strong antibacterial activity can be produced in the Musca domestica during larvae-pupae metamorphosis.

On the basis of generally stereotactic radiotherapy technology,intensity modulated radiation therapy technology has been developed greatly since 1990's.This technology is to improve the radiation dose distribution in the target so that the high dose area is more conformal for the three-dimentional shape of the target and the radiation dose in the normal organs and tissue around the target decreases.The characteristic of this new technology is discussed systematically in this paper.

BACKGROUND:Intracranial and extracranial arterial stent implantation is the main therapy for cerebrovascular diseases, especialy for some patients who cannot tolerate surgical operation, but the postoperative rehabilitation and biocompatibility problems restrict the further development of the technology. OBJECTIVE:To explore the rehabilitation efficacy and biocompatibility of acupuncture after degradable cerebrovascular stent implantation. METHODS: A total of 70 patients with cerebral arterial stenosis aged 43-79 years were enroled, including 41 males and 29 females, who were al treated with drug-eluting stent implantation, carotid artery stent implantation in 31 cases, vertebral artery stent implantation in 21 cases, subclavian stent implantation in 5 cases, and middle cerebral artery stent implantation in 13 cases. After stent implantation, al the patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group with routine rehabilitation therapy and acupuncture group with routine rehabilitation therapy+electroacupuncture. After 3 months of treamtnet, neurologic impairment scores, Fugl-Meyer score for motor function, Barthel index, degree of stent stenosis, thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, thromboxane A2/ prostacyclin levels were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 months after treatment, the neurological impairment scores were significantly lower in the acupuncture group than the control group (P < 0.05), but the Fugl-Meyer score for motor function andBarthel index were higher in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the thromboxane A2 and thromboxane A2/prostacyclin levels were significantly decreased in the two groups (P < 0.05), but the prostacyclin levels were increased than those before treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, there were no differences in the thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, thromboxane A2/prostacyclin levels between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the rate of restenosis was significantly lower in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05), and there were no significant difference in the reference vessel diameter, blood vessel stent diameter, decreased vessel diameter index, re-intervention rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Taken together, acupuncture can promote the rehabilitation efficacy folowing degradable cerebrovascular stent implantation, reduce the incidence of restenosis, and show good biocompatibility.

Aim To investigate whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin ( BrMC ) can reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) in sphere-forming cells (SFCs) derived from cervical cancer SiHa cell line. Methods Human cervical cancer SiHa cell line was cultured in vitro and then SFCs were obtained from Si-Ha cell line using suspension culture with the stem-condition culture system. After treatment with BrMC for 72 h, the morphology of SFCs of SiHa cell line was observed via monolayer adherence culture. The expres-sion levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Twist1 pro-teins were analyzed using western blot assay. Results SFCs of SiHa cell line presented the mesenchyme-like( spindle-shaped) cell shape and exhibited reduced E-cadherin and elevated N-cadherin protein expres-sion, compared with the parental cells. After treatment with BrMC(1. 0 μmol·L-1 ) for 72 h, SFCs of SiHa cell line changed from spindle-shaped cells in to poly-gon shaped cells under monolayer adherence culture. After treatment with BrMC for 24 h, the expression lev-els of E-cadherin protein were up-regulated and the ex-pression levels of N-cadherin and Twist1 proteins were decreased in SFCs derived from SiHa cell line. Con-clusion BrMC effectively reverses EMT of SFCs de-rived from cervical cancer SiHa cell line, and its mechanism is involved in down-regulating the expres-sion of Twist protein.

Objective To evaluate the role of P2X3 receptors in the development and mnaintenance of neuropathic pain (NP) and the relationship with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in dorsal root ganglia of rats.Methods Thirty-six SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-200 g,aged 4-6 weeks,in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted,were divided into 3 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),NP group and P2X3 receptor antagonist A-317491 group (group A).At 3 days after intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted,NP was induced by chronic constriction injury to the sciatic nerve.The sciatic nerve was only exposed but not occluded in group S.Intrathecal injection was performed twice a day for 14 consecutive days starting from 1 day after operation.Normal saline 20 μ l was intrathecally injected in group S and group NP,and A-317491 100 nmol/10 μ1 and normal saline 10 μ l were intrathecally injected in group A.Thermal paw withdrawal threshold (TWT) and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) were measured on day 1 before operation and at 30 min after intrathecal injection on days 1,3,7,10 and 14 after operation.On days 7 and 14 after operation,the rats were sacrificed and the dorsal root ganglia of the lumbar segment were removed for determination of the expression of P2X3 receptors and NF-κB p65 by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,TWT and MWT were significantly decreased at each time point after operation,and thc expression of P2X3 receptors andi NF-κB p65 in dorsal root ganglia was up-regulated on days 7 and [4 after operation in group NP (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group NP,TWT was significantly increased at each time point after operation,MWT was increased on days 3,7,10 and 14 after operation,anl the expression of P2X3 receptors and NF-κB p65 in dorsal root ganglia was down-regulated on days 7 and 14 after operation in group A (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism underlying the development and maintenance of NP is related to the up-regulation of P2X3 receptor expression and promotion of the expression of NF-κB in dorsal root ganglia of rats.

Objective To evaluate the role of transient receptor potential channel 8 (TRPM8) in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain and the relationship with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the dorsal root ganglion of rats.Methods Thirty-six pathogen-free healthy adult male SpragueDawley rats,weighing 180-200 g,aged 6-8 weeks,were divided into 3 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table:sham opeation group (group S),neuropathic pain group (group NP) and TRPM8 bocker BCTC group (group BCTC).Neuropathic pain was induced by ligation of the right sciatic nerve in anesthetized rats.BCTC 20 nmol was intrathecally injected once a day on preoperative day 1 and postoperative days 1,3,7 and 10 in group BCTC.The thermal,mechanical and cold pain thresholds were measured on preoperative day 1 and postoperative days 1,3,7,10 and 14.The dorsal root ganglions of the lumbar segment (L4-6) were removed on postoperative days 7 and 14 for determination of the expression of TRPM8 and NF-κB p65 by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,the thermal and mechanical thresholds were significantly decreased on postoperative days 1-14,and the cold pain threshold was decreased on postoperative days 3-14 in NP and BCTC groups,the expression of TRPM8 and NF-κB p65 in dorsal root ganglions was up-regulated on postoperative days 7 and 14 in group NP (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the expression of TRPM8 and NF-κB p65 in dorsal root ganglions in group BCTC (P＞0.05).Compared with group NP,the thermal pain threshold was significantly decreased and the cold pain threshold was increased on postoperative days 3-14,the expression of TRPM8 and NF-κB p65 in dorsal root ganglions was up-regulated on postoperative days 7 and 14,and no significant change was found in the mechanical pain threshold in group BCTC (P＞0.05).Conclusion NF-κB activation after opening of TR-PM8 in dorsal root ganglion neurons is involved in the development and maintenance of neuropathie pain in rats.