Writing is a general course in universities.In writing,critical thinking can also be taught.Writing makes critical thinking visible.In teaching,teachers should change teaching methods and to emphasize on process and on students' learning.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the safety of the head and neck muscle pedicle flap or flaps with single vascular pedicle.METHODSThe characteristics of thoracoacromial artery were investigated in 20 autopsy cases. Farthest point into the muscle were checked by preoperative ultrasonography and intraoperative localization with perspective observation, the muscles 1-2 cm above the farthest point were cut off from the donor site, forming a simple arteriovenous island flap pedicled pectoralis major muscle. Using the same technology and methods, sternocleidomastoid island and lower trapezius island flap were harvested.RESULTSAnatomical observation revealed thoracoacromial artery single type accounts for 12.5% (5/40), double vessel type 67.5% (27/40), multiple vessel type 20% (8/40). The rate of furthest point localization with preoperative ultrasound was 29.1% (14/48), the DSA successfully developed breast artery perforator in 66.7% (12/18) of the cases. Forty eight pectoralis major island muscle flaps, 12 internal mammary artery flaps, 18 chin flaps, 4 lower trapezius island myocutaneous flaps, 4 sternocleidomastoid island myocutaneous flaps, 3 transverse cervical artery island shaped flaps, 3 thoracoacromial artery perforator island flaps were harvested. Two flaps were failure. Partial necrosis occurred in 3 pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps.CONCLUSIONThe design of single vascular pedicle island flap for the head and neck defects is feasible and safe, and patients benefite not only for easily shaped the island flap, but also for the region appearance and function preservation in both the donor site and recipient site.

Based on modern management theories and in light of the realities of China and leadership practice, the paper analyzesd the characteristics of deputy leaders in a hospital and discussesd the specific ideas, qualities and capabilities that they must possess. It was put forward that in order to make accomplishments in strategic management and implementations, deputy leaders in the hospital should position themselves appropriately, improve their qualities, persist in learning, enhance their capabilities, attach importance to investigations and enhance their communicative ability. At the same time, they should have such qualities the as strict self-discipline, dedication, exploration, responsibility, and self-restraint as well as good communication skills. They should also have the capabilities for strategic implementations, detail management, grasp of the overall situation, harmonious teamwork, complex thinking and accomplishments in accordance with the circumstances.

The paper gives a comprehensive account of the current situation of SARS treatment and analyzes the features of the disease and its prevention and treatment, viz. SARS treatment has been conducted without RCT studies; the life quality of cured SARS patients has lowered; there is the possibility of repeated SARS outbreaks and spread; and the effectiveness of some therapeutic regimes needs to be ascertained. For this reason, it is suggested that evidence-based medicine be used in screening therapeutic regimes for SARS and that systematic assessments and standardizations be conducted so as to work out favorable regimes for SARS treatment and make efficient use of limited health resources.

According to related literature on the treatment of functional dyspepsia by the combination of syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in recent years, the general rule was summerized. In this paper, the relevant literature was summarized from the traditional Chinese medicine on disease, etiology and pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and clinical treatment of functional dyspepsia.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a complex disease process in which injury severity,duration and timing of the antenatal injury are difficult to discern.HIBD triggers a cascade of pathophysiological events (blood-brain barrier damage,oxidative stress,inflammation,glutamate excitotoxicity,energy depletion and cell death) leading to brain damage and neonatal death.Under this background,the changing of biomarkers in different types of biological fluids able to be detected and prognosed HIBD.

Objective To explore the clinical application of determination of troponin I(cTnI) by enzyme linked fluorescent(EL-FA) method .Methods The concentration of cTnI in serum was detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA) method and ELFA method .The precision test ,linear test ,recovery test and interference test were done on ELFA method .The correlation analy-sis was done on the results of cTnI detected by ELFA method and CLIA method .Results Determination of the concentration of cTnI by ELFA method ,the intraassay coefficient of variation(CV) of high(30 .00 μg/L cTnI) and low (0 .12 μg/L cTnI) values were 2 .81% and 1 .62% ,the interassay CV were 5 .67% and 3 .52% .Reliable detection range detection of ELFA method was 0 .00-30 .00 μg/L .When the total bilirubin concentration less than 450μmol/L ,hemoglobin concentration less than 1 .5 g/L ,three glycerol concentration less than 7 .0 mmol/L ,the ELFA method for the determination of cTnI was without interference .Determina-tion of the concentration of cTnI had a good correlation between ELFA method and CLIA method(r=0 .971) .Conclusion The EL-FA method has good precision ,recovery and linear range ,and has a good correlation with the CLIA method ,and the ELFA method is rapid and convenient ,suitable for the emergency inspection ,can satisfy the clinical requirements .

Subclinicalhypothyroidism(SCH)maybeassociatedwithcarotidatherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, and coronary heart disease, and these factors are often regarded as the risk factors for ischemic stroke. The correlation betw een SCH and the risk of stroke remains unclear now . The hypothesis of SCH increasing the risk of stroke has not been confirmed. Even studies have show n that SCH may have a beneficial effect for the prognosis of stroke. This article review s the relationships betw een SCH and risk factors for stroke, and risk of stroke and prognosis.

Lactoferrin has antitumoral activity. Lactoferrin exerts anti-carcinogenic effects via its ability to modulate host immunity, suppress proliferation, induce apoptosis, block cell cycle, inhibit angiogenesis, regulate carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes and sequester iron, etc. Safety and no toxicity of lactoferrin provide a new selection for cancer treatment.