AIM: To Structure a series of diversifying combination of ginsenoside in order to provide the different samples for the pharmacological and pharmacodynamics experiments. METHODS: UNIFAC group contribution method is used for simulating the liquid liquid extraction, the proper extractants are chosen to carry out the experiments, and then the contents of the ginsenosides obtained with different extractants are detected through HPLC. RESULTS: The contents of the main ginsenoside varied with the change of the extractants' ratio, as a result a series of diversifying combination of ginsenoside are constructured. Within the ginsenoside which has greater amount, ginsenoside Rb 1 can be easily separated from Re, while Rd is hard to be separated, the experimental data were accordant to the theoretical prediction. CONCLUSION: Theoretical calculation combined with the optimizing of the extractants can structure a series of distinguished ginsenoside.

The blood samples of 294 Chinese Han patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) and 199 controls were collected and their genomic DNAs were extracted. The single nucleotide polymorphisms rs17534481, rs12095738, rs2988276, and rs6668182 of CD247 gene were detected. The results showed that rs17534481 polymorphism of CD247 gene was associated with T1DM in Chinese Han population, and T allele was a protective factor for type 1 diabetes mellitus( OR=0.667, P=0.037). There was no significant difference in genotype frequency and allele frequency of rs12095738, rs2988276, and rs6668182 between type 1 diabetes group and control group( P>0.05).

Objective:To study the effect of the extracting time and solvent on the concentration of main active components in Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge, and to provide basic data and theoretical guide to GEP(general extraction practice). Methods: Salvianolic acid B and Tanshinone ⅡA were extracted by 90% alcohol and water respectively from Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge and their contents were etermined by means of HPLC at regular intervals. Results: Extracting time and solvent were significant factors in the prcess of concentrating Salvianolic acid B and Tanshinone ⅡA from extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge. Conclusion: Water is suitable for extracting Salvianolic acids, the extracting time is 40～50 minutes; alcohol is suitable for extracting Tanshinones, the extracting time is 20～30 minutes.

Objective To explore a new surgical method for the treatment of refractory fistula after breast augmentation and to improve patients healing efficiently.Methods This paper had collected two groups,a total of 178 cases of injected breast augmentation,who had shown the polyacrylamide hydrogel(PAAG)mixture shift,and caused abdominal fistula.Among them,89 cases further adopt new design in the treatment of fistula by using breast muscle membrane tissue flap and improve the effect of fistula treatment after the removal of fistula.And the other 89 cases were token the pure clean the cavity away caused by the abnormal material shift into the chest and abdominal wall.Results It was observed that PAAG widely distributed in the chest and abdominal wall and formatted the fistula connected mammary gland,axillary,chest abdominal wall.The area of lesions lacuna shrink by 80％ for the group used tissue flap after 2 weeks,but those not with tissue flap shrink by 45％(P＜0.01).At 4th week,all the patients of flap group achieved tissue healed,while the completely heal ratio of control group was only 73％.Compared two groups of healing rate,the group with tissue flap was obviously better than ones only with surgical method.Conclusion It suggests that main reasons for the liquidity bag and huge cavity are PAAG mixture shift into thoracic and abdominal wall and formed chronic fistula and connected the chest and abdominal wall.Local muscle membrane tissue flap can obviously promote the chest and abdominal wall fistula healing.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of injection rhinoplasty with non-absorpted material and prevention of the complications.Methods A total of 578 patinets with rhinoplasty in Interpretation Medical Cosmetic Center of Wuhan City and Southwest Hospital from March 2010 to January 2016 were selected,who included 239 cases injected by absorbed material,213 cases injected by non-absorbed material and 126 cases implanted by silicone prosthesis.Then the clinical effects,curative keeping time and complications of three groups in 0,1,3,6 and 12 months after injected or implanted were observed.Results 578 patients of nasal shape and outline were significantly improved immediately after surgery and injection,but the adverse reaction and complication of silicone prosthesis increased more than those of other two groups,the differences were significant(P<0.01).While,the nose shape and outline and cosmetic effects of patients by silicone prosthesis or absorbed material postoperated became worse from 6 months to 1 year(P<0.05),and the non-absorbed groups had kept much better in the nose shape and outline and the satisfactory effects than the other two groups,the differences were significant(P<0.01).Conclusion Injection of rhinoplasty is safe and effective,meanwile the injection rhinoplasty with non-absorbed material is more suitable for Asian with less adverse reaction.

Objective To explore the clinical application of treating severe soft tissue defect on distal leg and foot with sural nerve nutrient vessels retrograde island flap.Methods A total of 34 cases of patients who were treated with sural nerve nutrient vessels retrograde island flap were regared as the observation group, and the other 12 cases who were treated with local rotation skin flap grafting were regared as the control group.The postoperative survival rate of skin flap,complications,functional recovery and local sensation of the two groups were evaluated.Results The transplanted skin flap of the observation group all survived after operation.There were 3 cases of partial necrosis of the skin flap distal edge which were cured with dressing change.A few tension vesicle occured in 3 patients and they were cured with dressing change.The transplanted skin flap of the control group all survived after operation,but there were different degree of scar contracture,flap deformation and flap atrophy 6 months after surgery.The postoperative function,local sensation,scar size of the observation group were better than those of the control group with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion To treat severe soft tissue defect on distal leg and foot with sural nerve nutrient vessels retrograde island flap is a good method which can promote severe tissue defect repair on the lower extremity and foot.

Microneedles array based on micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology is one of important applications in biomedicine and brings a new means in biomedicine field. The prospect for the development of microneedles technology in precision drug injection, clinical monitoring and biochemistry test is and save broad. This paper describes three important applications of MEMS microneedles array in biomedicine field: biomedicine microneedles electrode, transdermal delivery of drugs and fluid extraction, and then summarizes their application elements and recent development. It explains the characteristics of microneedles, which provide painless, effective and save biomedical method in accordance with human requirements. In addition, a series of the fabrication technology of microneedles array is discussed.
Drug Delivery Systems ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Microelectrodes ; Microinjections ; instrumentation ; Miniaturization ; Nanotechnology ; Needles

The factor analysis method applied in imaging mass spectrometry data analysis was studied. The imaging mass spectrometric data were obtained by air flow-assisted ionization imaging mass spectrometry method. The sample contained some symbols which were drawn on slides using three different inks ( red, blue, black) . The imaging data analyzed by factor analysis method were divided into the background, black, blue and red factor. The results showed that the scores of m/z=443. 2, 478. 4, 322. 2(344. 2) in red, blue, black factor respectively were much larger than others. Therefore, they were markers of three inks. The results accorded with actual condition well and proved that the application of factor analysis in imaging mass spectrometric data analysis was feasible. The data analysis results of factor analysis and principal component analysis were compared. The results showed that the target sample markers could be extracted by factor analysis simply and quantitatively. It was of great potential in biomarker extraction, diseases diagnose and pharmacological analysis.

An electrospray/ultraviolet lamp dual-source ion trap mass spectrometer was developed for the rapid detection of gas and liquid samples.The instrument used the discontinuous atmospheric pressure sampling technique that both the electrospray ions and gaseous analytes were sampled and transferred using a pinch valve device.The two ionization sources were generally suitable for different kinds of analytes and provided complementary applications.Electrospray was used for the ionization of polar compounds in solution, while the UV ionization source was mainly applied for the analysis of gaseous organic compounds.A variety of samples such as anisole, toluene, 2,4-dimethylaniline, arginine, reserpine and aspartame were employed to test the performance in different working mode of the instrument.The results showed that the two sources were feasible for ionization of different types of samples, and different types of molecular ions could be generated when 2,4-dimethylaniline was analyzed.The two ionization sources could be used alternately or simultaneously without interference, and the working mode was also switched to fit the application requirements.The dual-source configuration was an effective way to extend the applications for miniature mass spectrometers.It did not significantly increase the size of the instrument, but provided more versatile analysis to meet the need for the measurement of different types of samples.

Primary adrenal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is clinically rare. This article reported a patient, who was diagnosed as primary adrenal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma complicated with renal vein cancer thrombus, and underwent laparoscopic left adrenal + left kidney + left renal vein tumor embolectomy.The carcinoma relapsed after 19 months of follow-up after surgery. The patient and his family refused further treatment.