Objective To study the pathogenetic role of HPV infection and vascular endothelial growth factor-C in the development of cervical carcinomas. Methods HPV16 DNA was tested in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) 11I, cervical carcinomas and norma1 cervical tissue by PCR.and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C protein was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results The expression of VEGF-C became stronger and stronger with the progression of cervical diseases from chronical inflammation to CIN and to invasive carcinoma of cervix uteri, but no expression in normal cervical tissue. There was significant correlation between HR-HPV and VEGF-C expression in CIN and cervical carcinomas(odds ratio are 19.12 and 20.49; 95 % confidence interval are 2.31-157.8 and 3.28-226.09). Conclusions The expression of VEGF-C, maybe a sensitive maker, is closely related to HR-HPV infection.

Objective: To investigate the incidence, distribution features, and incidence trend of occupational diseases in Ningbo, China, from 2006 to 2015. Methods: In February 2016, the data on occupational disease report cards in the occupational disease and occupational health information system from 2006 to 2015 were collected to perform a comprehensive analysis of the types, incidence trend, population characteristics, and enterprise characteristics of occupational diseases. Results: There were 845 new cases of occupational diseases in Ningbo from 2006 to 2015, among which 596 (70.53%) were pneumoconiosis; there were 445 (74.66%) cases of stage I pneumoconiosis, 73 (12.25%) cases of stage II pneumoconiosis, and 78 (13.09%) cases of stage III pneumoconiosis; silicosis (59.76%) was the most common type of pneumoconiosis. Of all patients with occupational diseases, 84.97% were male, 64.50%were aged 35-55 years, and 63.67% had 5-20 working years. Most of the patients with occupational diseases worked in small and medium-sized private (or foreign) enterprises; the most common industries were black metal smelting and rolling (38.76%) , construction (17.11%) , and non-metallic ore mining (13.09%) . A total of 51.28%, 10.26%, and 7.69% of the patients with occupational poisoning worked in the electric apparatus manufacturing industry, furniture manufacturing industry, and chemical raw material and chemical product manufacturing industry, respectively. The cases of occupational diseases are mainly distributed in Yuyao City (24.62%) , Yinzhou District (23.91%) , and Ninghai County (15.62%) . Conclusion Pneumoconiosis is the most common type of occupational disease in Ningbo and most of these patients work in small and medium-sized private (or foreign) enterprises. The supervision of small and medium-sized private enterprises should be enhanced to protect workers’ health.

Objective To explore the applicability of 2 different models of occupational health risk assessment in wooden furniture manufacturing industry.Methods American EPA inhalation risk model and ICMM model of occupational health risk assessment were conducted to assess occupational health risk in a small wooden furniture enterprises,respectively.Results There was poor protective measure and equipment of occupational disease in the plant.The concentration of wood dust in the air of two workshops was over occupational exposure limit (OEL),and the CTWA was 8.9 mg/m3 and 3.6 mg/m3,respectively.According to EPA model,the workers who exposed to benzene in this plant had high risk (9.7×10-6～34.3×10-6) of leukemia,and who exposed to formaldehyde had high risk (11.4×10-6) of squamous cell carcinoma.There were inconsistent evaluation results using the ICMM tools of standard-based matrix and calculated risk rating.There were very high risks to be attacked by rhinocarcinoma of the workers who exposed to wood dust for the tool of calculated risk rating,while high risk for the tool of standard-based matrix.For the workers who exposed to noise,risk of noiseinduced deafness was unacceptable and medium risk using two tools,respectively.Conclusion Both EPA model and ICMM model can appropriately predict and assessthe occupational health risk in wooden furniture manufactory,ICMM due to the relatively simple operation,easy evaluation parameters,assessment of occupational-disease-inductive factors comprehensively,and more suitable for wooden furniture production enterprise.

Objective To explore the applicability of 2 different models of occupational health risk assessment in wooden furniture manufacturing industry.Methods American EPA inhalation risk model and ICMM model of occupational health risk assessment were conducted to assess occupational health risk in a small wooden furniture enterprises,respectively.Results There was poor protective measure and equipment of occupational disease in the plant.The concentration of wood dust in the air of two workshops was over occupational exposure limit (OEL),and the CTWA was 8.9 mg/m3 and 3.6 mg/m3,respectively.According to EPA model,the workers who exposed to benzene in this plant had high risk (9.7×10-6～34.3×10-6) of leukemia,and who exposed to formaldehyde had high risk (11.4×10-6) of squamous cell carcinoma.There were inconsistent evaluation results using the ICMM tools of standard-based matrix and calculated risk rating.There were very high risks to be attacked by rhinocarcinoma of the workers who exposed to wood dust for the tool of calculated risk rating,while high risk for the tool of standard-based matrix.For the workers who exposed to noise,risk of noiseinduced deafness was unacceptable and medium risk using two tools,respectively.Conclusion Both EPA model and ICMM model can appropriately predict and assessthe occupational health risk in wooden furniture manufactory,ICMM due to the relatively simple operation,easy evaluation parameters,assessment of occupational-disease-inductive factors comprehensively,and more suitable for wooden furniture production enterprise.