Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by various reasons is a common severe neonatal clinical disease.The cure rate of the ARDS in newborns increases with the constantly progress of the neonatal intensive care and diagnosis medical technology.However,the motality of ARDS in newborn infants is still very high,about 30％-40％.There is no special therapy with neonatal ARDS and comprehensive treatment is adopted mainly according to its pathophysiologic change and clinical manifestation.The review will summarize the advances in the treatment of neonatal ARDS.

Obiective To explore the effect of pulmanory surfactant on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Methods In a case control study, 25 newborns with NRDS were treated with Exosurf. At the same time, other 25 newbons with NRDS were served as control. The incidence of BPD in two groups was compared. Results The duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy was shortened in the group treated with PS (13 2?9) days vs (6?4) days, (21?9) days vs (9.3?6) days, respectively The incidence of BPD was decreased from 40% to 20%. Conclusion The duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy can be shortened in the newbons of NRDS treated with PS, but the decreasing of the incidence of BPD were not confirmed.

Objective To investigate diagnostic methods and treatment of subcutaneous fat necrosis in neonate (ScFN). Methods The clinical data of a case with ScFN was reported and the etiology, pathogenesis, and differential diagnosis were reviewed. Results The case was a 2 days female newborn delivered via cesarean section at full-term, and she came to hospital because of indurated nodules and plaques in the back and shoulders. Anti-infection treatment after admission was not effective. On the 10th day in hospital, the back lesions appear as soft and lfuctuant and then diagnosed as ScFN by biopsy which showed a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty degeneration. The patient was followed up with good prognosis. Conclusions ScFN is a benign self-limiting fat disease, mostly occurred in the first four weeks of full-term newborns with history of abnormal childbirth.

Objective To investigate the role and significance of E selectin in the pathogenesis of neonatal acute lung injury (ALI).Method Ninety neonatal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (6 or 7 days after birth) were randomly assigned to the control group (n =10) and ALI group (n =80).The rats in the ALI group received intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at dose of 4 mg/kg and they were divided into eight subgroups with 10 rats in each group according to different sacrifice time (0.5 h,1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,8 h,12 h and 24 h after injection).Rats in the control group were injected intraperitoneally the same volume of normal saline and they were sacrificed at 4 hours after injection.Expression of the E-selectin in lung tissue was detected dynamically by immunohistochemistry and the serum soluble endothelial selectin (sE-selection) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The pathological changes of the lung tissue and the wet/dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio) were recorded.Result The strong expression of a large number of E-selectin was detected in the vascular endothelial cells of the lung tissue in the ALI group,while only moderate expression of E-selection was observed in the control group.The W/D ratio in the ALI group gradually increased from 0.5 h after intraperitoneal injection of LPS,reached the peak at 8 h,and then began to decline.The ratio was significantly higher in the ALI group than that of the control group from 4 to 12 h after injection (P ＜ 0.05).The mean optical density of E-selectin in lung tissue of ALI group was also higher than that of the control group and the average optical density of ALI group at 2 h,3 h,4 h and 8 h was significantly higher [2 h:(0.36 ±0.09),3 h:(0.38 ±0.01),4 h:(0.44 ± 0.06),8 h:(0.30 ± 0.09),control group:(0.24 ± 0.01),P ＜ 0.05].The level of serum sE-selectin gradually increased after intraperitoneal injection of LPS,reached the peak at 2 h,and then decreased gradually.The level of sE selection was significantly higher than that of the control group at the point of 2 h,3 h,4 h and 8 h (P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum sE-selectin increased along with the expression of E-selectin in lung tissues,and they were positively correlated (r =0.730,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The increased expression of E-selectin and the elevation of serum sE-selectin level may reflect the injury of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells induced by systemic inflammatory response.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding retinal vascular disease that occurs in premature infants and low birth weight infants.Along with the development of perinatal medicine,the incidence of ROP has increased.If infants with ROP could get treatment in time,the disability rate due to ROP would significantly reduce.Now,the present situation and advances in treatment of ROP were reviewed.

Purpoes: To discuss the MRI manifestation and classification of discoid lateral meniscus and improve the accuracy of MRI diagnosis for discoid meniscus.Materials and Methods: 70 cases of discoid meniscus verified by arthroscopy were divided into impuberal group(n=30) and adult group (n =40).Following three quantitative parameters were measured.The meniscal width and tibial plateau width on the coronal slice showing the inttercondyloid spine( a),the number of the spine showing butterfly change when the layer thickness was 4mm(b) and the maximum width showing butterfly change on the sagittal slice(c).The discoid meniscus were classified as slab type (n=33),wedge type(n = 19),hypertrophied - horn type(n= 18) according to their shape.Results:69 cases had torn in different extent,a>or =20% (P<0.01) in all of cases.No significant difference in the incidence of each type existed between two groups(P>0.05).Significant difference in the incidence of each type existed in c(P<0.05).Conclusions: a >or = 20% is the most reliable criterion to diagnose discoid meniscus.Using b as the criterion of discoid meniscus is easy to occur missed diagnosis,c in the wedge type is bigger than the one in the hypertrophied type.Age can impact the classification of discoid meniscus.

Objective To study the effect of chemically synthesized Nogo-66 receptor ( NgR ) specific small interfering RNA ( siRNA) on nerve regeneration and function of newborn rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage ( HIBD) . Methods A total of 50 HIBD newborn rats were set up. They were randomly assigned OR allocated into siNgR group ( n=20 ) , normal saline ( NS ) group ( n=20 ) and HIBD group ( n=10 ) . The rats of siNgR group were given intraventricular injection of siNgR and transfection reagents ( 10μl ); the rats of NS group were given intraventricular injection of NS and transfection reagents (10μl);and the rats of HIBD group had no intervention. In addition to these three groups, there is another group, sham-operated group ( n=10 ) . The rats of sham-operated group were sham-operated ( common carotid artery was isolated but not ligated) and did not receive hypoxia-ischemia processing and intraventricular injection. Utilize water maze experiment to analyze the rats' escape time. The levels of NgR and GAP-43 protein in rats' brains were measured by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Results RT-PCR gel electrophoresis results showed that the NgR cDNA stripe of siNgR group was not obvious, but the stripe of NS group was clear. At the same time, the GAPHD cDNA bands of the above two groups were both clear. There were more NgR positive immune reaction products ( brown particles) in NS group than in siNgR group. The number of GAP-43 positive cells by immunohistochemistry in sham-operated group, HIBD group, NS group and siNgR group was (33. 24±1. 32), (20. 14±1. 24), (18. 73±1. 41) and (28. 06±1. 78), respectively. The number of sham-operated group and siNgR group was greater than HIBD group and NS group ( P＜0. 05 ) . There was no statistical significant difference for the number of GAP-43 positive cells between sham-operated group and siNgR group ( P＞0. 05 ) . Water maze experiment results showed that the newborn rats ' average escape time ( s ) of HIBD group ( 58. 1 ± 10. 3,47. 2±10. 1, 42. 5±7. 6) was obviously longer than sham-operated group (34. 2±5. 6, 25. 7±6. 2, 21. 2±8. 1), and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). However, the average escape time of siNgR group (37. 5±9. 8, 29. 1±9. 8, 27. 2±9. 3) was obviously shorter than HIBD group and NS group (60. 7±5. 2, 49. 1±9. 9, 45. 3±9. 3), (P＜0. 05). Conclusions Chemically synthesized specific siRNA had the potential to interference the expression of NgR in the brain of newborn rats, and to a certain extent, could promote the nerve regeneration and neural functional recovery of rats.

Objective To establish the co-culture system of marrow stromal cells (MSCs)and A?1-40 injured PC12 in vitro and to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of the system inhibiting apoptosis of PC12 induced by A?1-40.Methods MSCs and PC12 were cultured in vitro and identified by CD44 immunofluorescent staining;PC12 were damaged by A?1-40,and transferred by transwell followed by the classification into 5 groups. PI and Annexin-V co-fluorescent staining was performed,then PC12 apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and EM;Supernatant was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA) to detected TGF-?,NGF,BDNF,and bFGF. Results About 96% MSCs showed CD44 positive cells. Co-culture group had the lowest rate of PC12 apoptosis(46.17%?8.28%,F=61.637,P0.05). Conclusion The co-culture system of MSCs and A?1-40 injured PC12 in vitro could inhibit apoptosis of PC12 induced by A?1-40. Thus grafted MSCs have the possibility to inhibit neuronal apoptosis by A?in the diseased brain.

Objective To explore the effects of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of lung injury and observe the influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Methods The lung histopathology was observed by light microscope. The level of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2?lpha (8-iso-PGF2?) in blood plasm were measured by ELISA. The difference of 8-iso-PGF2? in blood plasm in air group, different dose NAC groups between hyperoxia-model and the air group was compared. Results In hyperoxia-model group, the inequality of size of lung alveoli, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung alveoli were observed on the 3rd and 7th day. The alveolar septum was thick in the hyperoxic-damaged lungs on the 14th and the 21st day. In hyperoxia+high-dose NAC group, very small amounts of red blood cells leaked out into alveoli on the 3rd and 7th day and alveolar septum had no thickening obviously on the 14th day and the 21st day. The level of 8-iso-PGF2? in blood plasm in hyperoxia-model group [(28.33?5.57) pg/ml, (51.21?15.01) pg/ml, (84.54?14.85) pg/ml and (43.14?11.37) pg/ml at every time points] was higher than that of the air group and hyperoxia+high-dose NAC group(P

Objective To express P38 of Schistosoma japonicum in Escherichia coli BL21 and develop the monoclonal antibodies (McAb) against rSjP38. Methods The recombinant plasmid pET32(a)-P38 was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3). 1 mmol/L IPTG (isopropyl-beta D-thiogalactopyranoside) was used to induce the expression of the recombinant rSjP38. The rSjP38 was soluble in supernatant after sonication and further purified by His-Ni chromatography. BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified rSjP38 and hybridomas were generated with traditional technique. McAbs were screened by ELISA with limited dilution. The subtype and specificity of McAb were identified by kit and Western blot respectively. Results Eight hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies to rSjP38 were obtained. The subtype of all the 8 McAbs are IgG1. Western blotting showed that the 8 McAbs reacted strongly and specifically with native antigen (P38) of Schistosoma japonicum. Conclusions Eight hybridoma cell lines secreting highly specific McAbs against P38 have been established.