Objective To identify the potential DNA vaccine candidate which can induce the protective immune response to Toxoplasma gondii by inoculating mice with plasmid DNAs encoding three different forms of P30 antigen (membranous secretory,and intracellular). Methods Three forms of recombinant plasmid: pcDNA3 P30Mb(contain the whole P30 gene sequence,including the gene encoding signal peptide and hydrophobic tail),pcDNA3 P30Se(contain the whole P30 gene sequence, without the gene encoding hydrophobic tail) and pcDNA3 P30In(contain the whole P30 gene sequence,without the gene encoding signal peptide) were constructed by PCR and subcloning technique. The mice were immunized with different forms of recombinant plasmids and IgG antibodies in the mice were detected by ELISA and Western blotting. Results Three forms of expression recombinant plasmid of Toxoplasma gondii P30 gene were successfully constructed. The P30 inserts were identified by restrictive enzyme digestion and sequencing. ELISA and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that specific IgG antibody could be induced in three immunized groups, but there was some difference in appearence time and intensity of IgG.Conclusion Genetically immunization of mice with the recombinant plasmids could elicit specific IgG antibodies. In respect to IgG response, the immune efficiency of the three forms of recombinant plasmids was different at the beginning (2 wk),but 4 wk later approximately same.

Objective To investigate the effects of α-lipoic acid on mitochondrial energy metabolism of liver in the rat with obstructive jaundice. Methods Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into groups of sham operation and bile duct-ligation + normal soldium( BDL + NS) and bileduct-ligation + α-lipoic acid( BDL + LA). Malondialdehyde(MDA) , superoxide dismutase(SOD) and ATP, ADP, AMP in rat liver's mitochondrion were examined on days 7,14,21 after operation. Results MDA contents, ADP contents and AMP contents of liver' s mitochondrion were significantly increased at each time point in BDL + NS-group,while SOD contents and ATP contents of liver' s mitochondrion decreased remarkably on the 7th, 14th days; MDA content of liver' s mitochondrion in BDL + LA group was more lower than that in BDL + NS group (P ＜ 0. 01 )on the 21st day; MDA content was further increased in BDL + NS group and in BDL + LA group but there was no difference in their comparisons. On the 7th, 14th days, SOD contents and ATP contents in BDL + LA group were significantly higher than that in BDL + NS group( 7th days,P ＜ 0. 01; 14th days,P ＜ 0.05 ), On the 21 st day SOD contents in BDL + NS group had no difference with that in BDL + LA group (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusions LA has a protective effect on energy metabolism of liver' s mitochondrion in the initial ,metaphase stage of obstructive jaundice.

Objective:To apply two dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) to initially analyze the protein expression in hippocampus of rats with spleen yin deficiency syndrome and to get the theory foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease and spleen yin deficiency syndrome.Methods:Rats model of spleen yin deficiency were set up by combination of improper diet,overstrain and consumption of body fluid.Qualitative changes of the proteome expression in hippocampus were compared between the model group and control group by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.Results:The model group of spleen yin deficiency had the appearance of spleen yin deficiency,for example,irritability,increment in biting frequency,increase of rectal temperature and drinking water(P

Objective:To study the effect of Rhizoma Coptidis apozem on expression of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) in skeletal muscle of metabolic syndrome rats. Methods:The models were established by administering high fat diet. Rats were randomly divided into five group: normal control group, metabriolic syndome group, Rhizoma Coptidis apozem group, Berberine group, Metformin group. To estimate insulin resistance by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp(GC) tecchnique. To estimate expression of AMPK by using Western blot. Results: Compared with metabolic syndrome group, Rhizoma Coptidis apozem group had higher M-value, lower wet weight of innards fat, and higher protein level of p-AMPK-?. Conclusion: Rhizoma Coptidis apozem can improve insulin resistance, decrease innards fat, and regulate up expression of AMPK.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) belongs to group C or group G β-hemolytic Streptococcus, SDSE infection cases are mostly related with the consumption of contaminated dairy or meat products, the major symptom is upper respiratory tract infection, and is easily to be misdiagnosed.In June 2014, an outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infection due to SDSE occurred in a kindergarten in Xi'an City.All cases were followed up, the initial case developed as latent nephritis, the main cause for the development of latent nephritis was not performing diagnosis and treatment timely.In order to enhance the understanding of the epidemiological and clinical features of SDSE infection, strengthen prevention and control ability, and reduce the occurrence of adverse sequelae, investigation of the case and epidemic situation should be reported.

Objective To explore the effects of walking in water on surface electromyography (sEMG) of lower limbs and neural func-tion in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Methods From June, 2014 to May, 2016, 42 patients with incomplete thoracolumbar SCI were di-vided into control group (n=21) and experimental group (n=21) randomly. All the patients accepted routine rehabilitation, while the experi-mental group accepted extra walking in water. Average electromyography (AEMG) of quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior muscles was measured, and the motor and sense function was assessed with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Classification before and six weeks after treatment. Results The AEMG (t>5.763, P<0.01) and the scores of motor and sense (t>10.871, P<0.001) increased in both groups after treatment, and increased more in the experimental group than in the control group (t>4.036, P<0.01). Conclusion Walking in water could further improve lower limbs muscle strength and neural function in patients with incomplete thoracolumbar SCI.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of rectal carcinoid. Methods Clinical data of 16 patients of rectal carcinoids in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Related literatures were reviewed. Results Among the patients included, 11 cases(68.8%)suffered from hypogastralgia, 3 cases(18.8%)bloody stool, 3 cases(18.8%)defecation number increase. All the patients underwent enteroscopy. The average size in diameter of all the tumors was 8.8 mm. 81.3% of the tumors ≤10 mm in diameter. The average distance from tumor to anus was 6.8 cm and 87.5% of the tumors ≤8 cm in distance, Only 25% of all the cases were diagnosed preoperatively, most cases were diagnosed as other diseases and definitely diagnosed by postoperative pathology. 14 cases underwent operation as radical resection of rectal carcinoma, and 2 cases endoscopic removal. There was no operative death and postoperative five-year survival rate is 69.2%. Conclusions Preoperative diagnosis rectal carcinoid is difficult.Misdiagnosis rate is high. The key point of improving diagnosis of this disease is annal digital examination. Enteroscopy and pathology, operation is the first choice to treat rectal carcinoid.

Objective To explore the findings of diaphysial osteosarcoma in long bone on X-ray,CT and MRI, and discuss their clinical features and manifestations for differential diagnosis. Methods Twenty-eight cases with diaphysial osteosarcoma in long bone proved by surgery and pathology were reviewed retrospectively. Eighteen tumors were located in the femur, 4 in fibula, 4 in humerus and 2 in tibia. All of the patients were examined by X-ray, CT and MRI. The imaging manifestations on X-ray, CT and MRI were analyzed, and the relationship of the imaging features with the pathological types was also observed. The imaging signs were correlated with the pathologic findings with a double blind method. Results Of the 28 cases, there were 16 cases with large bone destruction, 22 cases with periosteal reaction on X-ray and CT. On X-ray, 18 cases showed soft tissue mass and 12 cases with neoplastic bone and tumor calcification.While on CT, 22 cases showed soft tissue mass on plain scan and 2 more cases displayed soft tissue mass after the injection of contrast mediun. Sixteen cases showed neoplastic bone and tumor calcification on CT.On MRI, there were 10 cases with bone destruction and periosteal reaction with iso- and hypo-intense on T1WI and iso- signals on T2WI. Twenty-six cases showed soft tissue edema and bone marrow on MRI. The soft mass were iso-signals on T1 WI and iso-hyperintense signals on T2 WI or STIR. The soft tissue edema was found hyperintense signals on T2WI or STIR. The lesions had heterogeneous enhancement especially in bone marrow with edema and adjcent soft tissue. Conclusion The X-ray, CT and MRI can reflect the pathological changes of diaphysial osteosarcoma in long bone from different aspects. Lower incidence, large bone destruction and no pathological fracture were the features of diaphysial osteosarcoma. The osteogenic type is diagnosed easily, but the osteolytic lesion should be differentiated from Ewing sarcoma, malignant giant cell tumor of bone and so on.

Solitary brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was previously considered as Stage IV. Gen-erally, only chemotherapy or radiotherapy rather than surgery was considered the treatment for these patients;hence, achieving the de-sired effect was difficult. In recent years, the treatment benefit for these patients significantly increased. Several patients were even pro-vided the chance of being cured through standardized and individualized treatment by a multiple disciplinary team (MDT). This article introduces two solitary brain metastasis patients with NSCLC who were treated by MDT in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. This article aims to explore a complete set of diagnostic and treatment practices for the benefit of more patients.

Objective To study the Gadolinium-enhanced MRI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) characteristics of the chondroid matrix-forming sarcomas.Methods Contrast-enhanced MRI and DWI were performed in 14 eases of chondroid matrix-forming sarcomas (10 chondrosarcomas,4 chondroblastic esteosarcomas) and 13 cases of other types of osteosarcomas.DWI was obtained with a single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence using a 1.5 T MR imager with two different b values of 0 and 700 s/mm2.The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained in GE Functiontool software.The contrast-enhancement pattern was evaluated and the ADC values of ehondroid matrix-forming sarcomas was compared with that of other types of asteosarcoma.Independent sample t-test was performed to evaluate the difference of ADC values between the group of chondroid matrix-forming sarcoma and the group of other types of osteosarcoma.In addition, nonparametrie test was used to assess the difference of ADC values between the chondrosareoma and the chondroblastic osteosarcoma.P value less than 0.05 was considered to represent a statistical significance.Results For 14 eases of ehondroid matrix-forming sarcomas, peripheral enhancement was found in all cases, septonodular enhancement was identified in 12 cases.While 13 eases of other types of osteosarcowas demonstrated heterogeneous enhancement.The mean ADC value of chondroid matrix-forming sarcomas [(2.56 ±0.35) × 10 -3 mm2/s] was significantly higher than that of other types of osteosarcoma [( 1.16±0.20) × 10-3 mm2/s] (t = 12.704,P <0.O1 ).There was no significant difference in the ADC value between the chondrosarcoma and the chondroblastie osteesarcama(Z =0.507 ,P =0.959).Conclusion Contrast-enhanced MRI and DWI can improve differentiation between chondroid matrix-forming sarcomas and other types of osteosarcomas.