Objective:To understand the prevalence of caries in the children aged 12 years in Fujian Province and to compare the influence of two kinds of dental probes examinations on caries detect rate.Methods:Based on oral health investigation of WHO and national oral health survey standards,multi-stage stratified sampling was used to randomly select 792 children in Fujian province to accept examination separately by two dental probes.Results:The prevalence of dental caries of youth aged 12 years in Fujian province has no statistical significance in different gender or between city and countryside.But the caries prevalence of female was higher than that of male when used by sharp dental probe.About 23.23% was found in different detection rates when using two dental probes.Compared to the sampling investigation of Fujian province in 2000 year,the caries prevalence has no obvious increase.Conclusion:The sharp probe has higher detection rate than CPI probe.

Objective To evaluate the practicability of video-assisted thoracoscopic lower esophageal myotomy in the treatment of achalasia. Methods A series of 21 consecutive patients with achalasia received video-assisted thoracoscopic lower esophageal myotomy between June 1997 and June 2005. The operation was performed under general anesthesia with double-lumen endotracheal intubation. The patient was positioned in the right lateral decubitus. Four thoracoscopic ports were introduced into the left hemithorax. A 6~11 cm incision at the lower esophageal sphincter with an extension to the gastric wall for 0.5~1 cm in length was made, to the depth of the submucous layer. A flexible gastroscope was inserted to check the integrity of the esophageal mucosa intraoperatively. No anti-reflux procedures were conducted. Results All the procedures were accomplished smoothly. The intraoperative hemorrhage volume was 50~100 ml (mean, 58 ml) and the operation time, 60~270 min (mean, 137 min). Esophageal mucosal perforation occurred in 3 patients, in 2 of whom the perforation was repaired thoracoscopically and in 1 of whom, through open thoracotomy. All the patients were recovered uneventfully, without severe complications. Follow-up checkups for 1~80 months found recurrence of dysphagia in 2 patients at 2 and 4 months after operation, respectively. Out of the 21 patients, the relief of dysphagia was classified as “excellent” results in 8 patients, “good” in 10 patients, “fair” in 1, and “poor” in 2, respectively. Conclusions Video-assisted thoracoscopic lower esophageal myotomy is a surgical approach with simple performance, minimal invasion, quick recovery and good efficacy. It can be employed as the first of choice for the management of achalasia.

BACKGROUND: The repair of periodontal tissue is dependent on the number and proliferation and differentiation abilities of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. PDL cells have the potentiality of multi-directional differentiation such as cementoblast,osteoblast and fibroblast to fonn cement, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament and finally achieve periodontal tissue regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Shuanghuangbu extract on the proliferation and differentiation of PDL cells.DESIGN:Observation trail.SETTING:Central Laboratory of Wuxi Third People's Hospital. MATERIALS: Periodontal tissue was provided voluntarily by the healthy young patients with deformity correction, and golden thread,skullcap,and rhizoma drynariae by the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Central Laboratory of Wuxi Third People's Hospital from July to October 2003.The crushed golden thread.skullcap,and rhizoma drynariae were mixed with distilled water at ratio of 1:10 (m:V),and refluxed in boiling water for 5 hours.The extract was collected,and after colation,the residue was refluxed in boiling water for another 3 hours. Both extract was blended, rotary evaporated and condensed, finally the liquid extract of 3 kg/L was obtained.There were 8 groups in the study including golden thread group, skullcap group,rhizoma drynariae group,golden thread plus skullcap group,golden thread plus rhizoma drynariae group, skullcap plus rhizoma drynariae group, Shuanghuangbu group and control group. PDL cells were cultured/n vitro assisted with Shuanghuangbu.The proliferation of cells was detected with MTT method and the ratio of collagen content in total protein was evaluated with hydroxyproline (HP).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:A value of proliferated PDL cells and the proportion of collagen protein in total protein.RESULTS:①Proliferation of PDL cells:Except golden thread group,all Chinese medicine promoted the proliferation of PDL cells significantly compared with control group (P＜0.05). The A value of Shuanghuangbu group was significantly increased.A value was increased with time and reached the peak on day 5.There were significant differences among each group at different time (P＜0.05).②Ratio of collagen content in total protein:Except golden thread group,the percentage was significantly increased by other Chinese medicines compared with control group (P＜0.05), especially Shuanghuangbu. The percentage was increased with time and reached the peak on day 5. There were significant differences among each group at different time (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that as a traditional Chinese herb,Shuanghuangbu can significantly stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of PDL cells.and increase the proportion of collagen content in total protein.It may act as an ideal Chinese medicine helper factor for the regeneration of PDL cells.

An introduction to general guidelines and practices of reforming the corporate governance of public hospitals in Weifang,Shandong province.Such guidelines and practices include the following:set up a government hospital administration,and clarify the rights and responsibilities of public hospital owners; clarify the independent status of legal person of the hospital to revitalize it; improve the check and balance mechanism to ensure its effectiveness and order.Such a reform has streamlined the management framework of public hospitals,and mobilized incentives of both the director and the staff,further enhancing the public benefit characteristics of the hospitals and satisfying the patients.

Objective: To compare the influence of two explorers on the enamel of artificial initial caries. Methods: Built an artificial initial caries model in vitro. Compared the influence of two explorers on the enamel of artificial initial caries. Results: 1.The holes probed by sharp explorer were deep and narrow. The holes probed by CPI explorer were shallow and wide. 2. The average strain energy produced by CPI explorer was larger than sharp explorer(Z=-2.021,P=0.043), But there was no significant difference because the strain energy produced by two explorers were in the same rate range. Conclusion: The damage on the enamel of artificial initial caries caused by sharp explorer is not larger than that caused by CPI explorer. So we suggest that the sharp explorer can still be used in sampling survey and clinical examination. But a gentle probing action is strongly recommended.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) combined with cisplatin on expression of RASSF1A in nude mice with human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft. METHOD: The models of human poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in nude mice were established and randomly divided into four groups, control group (NaCl group), As2O3 group, DDP group and As2O3 + DDP group. The expression of RASSF1A mRNA and protein were detected by Real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. The methylation rate of RASSF1A promoter CpG islands was analyzed by HRM. RESULTS: Experimental groups could obviously inhibit the growth of tumor and up-regulate the expression of RASSF1A. The methylation rate of RASSF1A in transplanted tumors in experimental groups was lower than the control group. Especially As2O3 combined with DDP were superior to the single drug use. CONCLUSION As2O3 inhibits the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell strain CNE2 xenograft in nude mice and increases mRNA expression of RASSF1A. As2O3 inhibits the malignant phenotypes of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and reverses hypermethylation of RASSF1A.
Animals ; Arsenic Trioxide ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; DNA Methylation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

The human atrial muscle cells were investigated by ultrastructural CMPase cytochemistry and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) immunocytochemistry. The primary lysosomes and ANF were labelled by these techniques, respectively. ANF was localized in the atrial specific granules, these granules were similar in size and 0.20? 0.051?m in diameter, distributed over the entire cytoplasm, preferentially being located in the subsarcolemmal and perinuclear region and forming clusters. Primary lysosomes were various in size, 0.30?0.191?m in diameter, significantly larger than atrial specific granules (P

Objective To explore the relationship of plasma norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) level with TCM syndrome differentiation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods Plasma NE and E levels in 80 ADHD children (Group A) and 32 normal volunteers (Group B) were measured by the method of high performance liquid chromatography_electrochemical detectio n (HPLC_ECD). Among 80 ADHD children, 49 were differentiated with kidney_yin def iciency and liver_yang hyperactivity syndrome (Group A 1) and 31 with heart_sp leen deficiency syndrome (Group A 2). Results Plasma NE and E levels in Gro up A we re higher than Group B (P 0.05 ). Conclusion Hyperactivity and impulsi veness in ADHD children may be related with the high levels of plasma NE and E. The exc essively sympathetic excitement in ADHD with kidney_yin deficiency and liver_yan g hyperactivity syndrome is uncertain.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the present situation of scientific research of clinical pharmacists in domestic third-grade class A hospitals,and discuss its feasible research ideas. METHODS:Questionnaire was conducted for the scientific research situa-tion of clinical pharmacists who obtained the certification in domestic 63 third-grade class A hospitals,the questionnaire data was collected,and data was statistically analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 315 questionnaires were sent out,282 were effectively received,with effective recovery of 89.52%. In terms of attitude to scientific research,propor-tion of the surveyed clinical pharmacists who thought it was quite necessary and necessary was more than 70%;except for academ-ic degree(P<0.05),the different gender,age and job title did not cause the differences in scientific research attitude(P>0.05). In terms of the present situation of scientific research,achievements of them were relatively simple,thinking the biggest difficulty was insufficient of experiment condition;there was significant difference in the numbers of authorized patents in recent 5 years by different gender (P<0.05),the numbers of applications for approved funds,authorized patents and paper published in recent 5 years by different academic degrees(P<0.05),as well as the numbers of applications for approved off-campus funds(title also re-lated to the number of hospital funds)and the numbers of paper published in domestic magazine in recent 5 years by different ages and job titles (P<0.05). In terms of direction of scientific research,most of surveyed clinical pharmacists thought they should strengthen communicate with physicians and look for the breakthrough point,they also thought the optimal one was clinical re-search;the direction selection was basically similar no matter the gender,academic degree,age and job title(P>0.05). In terms of ability enhancement,the surveyed pharmacists thought liter-ature review,evidence-based literature/experimental interpreta-tion and foreign language reading were the abilities most need to be enhanced;except for gender,academic degree,age andjob title showed similarity in enhancing the literature review,evidence-based literature/experimental interpretation ability (P>0.05),while there were significant differences in enhancing foreign language reading ability by different gender,academic degree, age and job title (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists show certain differences in the attitude to scientific research, present situation and direction of scientific research,and ability enhancement because of different gender,academic degree,age and job title,but there are also common. In order to improve the competence of scientific research and promote the discipline devel-opment of clinical pharmacy,pharmacy administrator in hospital should improve the academic degree and job title on clinical phar-macists and provide necessary advanced scientific platform and pertinent training at the same time. Additionally,except for the ratio-nal drug use,evidence-based pharmacy and pharmacoeconomics,clinical pharmacists can find new breakthrough point from phar-maceutical care,drug treatment decisions,translational medicine and medicine large data.

[Objective]To explore the intracellular antimicrobial activities of erythromycin,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,moxifloxacin against Legionella pneumophila.[Methods]The minimum inhibition concentration(MIC)of each antibiotic was evaluated by E-test method and microdilution method respectively.The minimal extracellular concentration inhibiting intracellular multiplication(MIEC)of each antibiotic was evaluated by the MTT colorimetric assay system.[Results]The MIC concentration for each drug by E-test method were:erythromycin,0.047 μg/mL;ciprofloxacin,0.38 μg/mL;levofloxacin,0.125 μg/mL;moxifloxacin,0.125 μg/mL,the MIC concentrations for each drug by microdilution method were:erythromycin,0.125 μg/mL;ciprofloxacin,0.03 μg/mL;levofloxacin,0.016 μg/mL;moxifloxacin,0.016 μg/mL.The MIEC concentration for each drug were:erythromycin,0.25 μg/mL;ciprofloxacin,0.016 μg/mL;levofloxacin,0.016 μg/mL;moxifloxacin,0.004 μg/mL.[Conclusions]Fluoroquinolones have superior activity than erythromycin in U937 cells infected with L.pneumophila.Moxifloxacin is the most potent drug among the four tested antimicrobials.Our results indicated that the MTT assay system allows comparative and quantitative evaluations of the intracellular activities of antibiotics against L,pneumophila and efficient processing of a large number of samples.