Objective To investigated the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) and the relationship of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with MS in Hangzhou of Zhejiang province. Methods A total of 3500 subjects who were negative for hepatitis B surface antigen marker were selected to take physical examinations. Body height, body weight, blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase,fasting blood glucose,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and triglyeerides were recorded. B-ultrasonography of the liver and gallbladder was undertaken. Results The prevalence of MS in the NAFLD or normal control group was 25.49% and 8. 61%, respectively ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, MS patients were 3. 927 times more likely to be NAFLD-related. Increased body mass index (BMI) and triglyceride were significantly associated with NAFLD among MS patients. Conclusion BMI and triglyceride level may be the main risk factors of NAFLD-related MS.

Objective To observe the effect of Fuyuan Capsule (FC) on vascular endothelial cell function of rats with qi deficiency and blood stasis.Method Forty-eight 16-month-old SD rats were equally randomized to 5 groups:FC group,positive control group (Qishen Capsule),model group and blank control group.Rat models of qi deficiency and blood stasis were induced by exertion,starvation and cold.The mice were given the drugs by gastric perfusion for 4 weeks.After treatment,endothelin (ET),6-keto-prostaglandin F_(1a) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were mea- sured.Results NO and 6-keto-PGF_(1a) levels were lower in the model group than those in the blank control group (P

The occurrence of epilepstic seizures in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) remains a serious event and is very disruptive for children who already suffered from orther disabilties. Data from population-based studies or neurodevelopmental clinic studies showed that 8%～62% of patients with CP suffer from epilepsy. The incidence is highest in spastic tetraplegia and hemiplegia. Half of the patients were onset within the first year of age. Children with tetraplegia CP tended to have an earlier onset of epilepsy than chlidren with other CP types. Partial seizures were the most common seizure types, followed by infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Low birth weight, neonatal seizures, family history of epilepsy, lower intelligence and grey matter damage were found to be related to significantly increased risk of epilepsy. Epilepsy in children wih CP usually had poor outcome, half of them were intractable and needed polytherapy. Only 37%～65.2% of patients became seizure-free.

Objective To observe the effect of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor on the inflammatory injury and the secondary remote damage in remote areas of the CA1 region in the right hippocampus of the focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion rats,and the NF-κB essential modifier binding domain (NBD) peptide was used to inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway to explore the function and mechanism of the NBD peptide in restraining inflammatory injury and reducing secondary remote damage in the hippocampus CA1 region.Methods According to the random number table,the male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a sham group (n =24),an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)group (n =38),a NBD group (n =38) and a modified type peptide (MT-NBD) group (n =38),then at the time point of 24 h and 7 d after reperfusion,the above 4 groups were divided into 2 subgroups.The experimental models were made by middle cerebral artery occlusion (modified line plug method) for 2 hours.The NBD peptide and the MT-NBD peptide were respectively injected into the right hippocampus of the experimental groups.The injury of neurons was examined by the methods of H&E and Fluoro-Jade B-(FJB)staining.The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-1Ra were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and IκBα were analyzed by Western blotting and the double-labelling immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NBD group (24 h 0.206 ±0.013,7 d 0.090 ±0.012) and the sham group (24 h 0.120 ±0.007,7 d 0.100 ±0.014),the NF-κB p65 protein expression in the I/R group (24 h 2.340 ± 0.101,7 d 2.440 ± 0.081) was increased significantly (q =64.431,66.704,67.747,56.624,all P ＜ 0.05).The level of IL-1β was remarkably increased in the I/R group (24 h (1.850 ±0.192) ng/ml,7 d (1.000 ±0.178) ng/ml) compared with the NBD group (24 h (1.250 ± 0.211) ng/ml,7 d (0.560 ± 0.183) ng/ml,q =10.730,9.710,P ＜0.05).The percent of survival neurons was significantly lower in the I/R group (24 h 27.50％ ± 3.59％,7 d 28.10％ ±4.46％) and the MT-NBD group (24 h 27.30％ ±4.53％,7 d 26.30％ ±5.03％)than the NBD group (24 h 58.90％ ± 3.46％,7 d 68.40％ ±4.20％,q =19.949,19.731,2.139,22.249,all P ＜0.05).The FJB staining showed that the number of neuron degeneration in the I/R group (24 h 28.10 ±2.13,7 d 29.50 ±2.45) was higher than the NBD group (24 h 12.50 ±2.41,7 d 9.30 ±2.52,q =3.211,4.521,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the other three groups (sham group:24 h 0.130 ± 0.008,7 d 0.150 ±0.010;I/R group:24 h 1.340 ±0.213,7 d 1.750 ±0.119;MT-NBD group:24 h 1.250 ±0.114,7 d 1.620 ±0.097),the IκBα protein expression in the NBD group (24 h 1.680 ±0.148,7 d 2.010 ±0.085) was significantly increased (q =6.348,9.139,9.414,1.711,5.277,5.555,all P ＜0.05).Compared with the I/R group (24 h (0.570 ± 0.028) ng/ml,7 d (0.430 ± 0.039) ng/ml) and the MT-NBD group (24 h (0.490 ± 0.042) ng/ml,7 d (0.380 ± 0.018) ng/ml),the level of IL-1Ra in the NBD group (24 h (1.390 ± 0.055) ng/ml,7 d (1.250 ± 0.043) ng/ml) was remarkably increased (q =4.577,6.205,9.683,6.389,all P ＜ 0.05).The results between the I/R group and the MT-NBD group were not significantly different.Conclusions The research shows that NBD peptide treatment contributes to altering the NF-κB p65/IκBα expression in nucleus effectively.And it directly regulates the NF-κB activation to alleviate the inflammatory injury in the hippocampus CA1 region after the secondary remote damage.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of hospitalized patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and to characterize the epidemiology of SLE.Methods The data of 184 patients admitted to Ningxia Medical College Hospital during January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The data analysis included the initial symptoms,system involvement and clinical situations.Chi-square test,t test,Mann-Whitney U test and Logistic analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results ① The ratio of male and female was 1∶9.8.The most common clinical symptoms was rash in 72 cases (39％),and followed by joint pain in 61 cases (33％),swelling in 28 cases (15％) and fatigue in 21 cases (11％).② Eighteen percent (33/184) patients were late-onset SLE patients.Compared with regular SLE patients,the interval was longer in late-onset SLE patients between clinical symptoms onset and the time when they saw the doctor.③ Blood and kidney were the most commonly affected organs.④ The highest diagnosis rate occurred in rheumatology department,the highest diagnosis rate occurred in the kidney department for patients with dropsy as starting symptom.Conclusion SLE primarily occurs in childbearing aged women.The reason of misdiagnosis of SLE is mainly due to the incorrect hospital selection for the first visit.Delayed diagnosis will lead to delay in the treatment.

Objective To establish a rabbit model of hypospadias finasteride to further stadying molecular mechanisma of hypospadias etiology. Methods forty pregnant new zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. Finasteride was fed with 0days(group A), 4 days (group B), 5 days (group C), 6 days (group D), 7 days (group E) which began at GD(gestation days) 19, 10 mg?kg-1?d-1. The appearance of penis and the position of urethras orifice were exmamined to observe hypospadias on postnatal day 35; the second observation was performed to observe retained testicle and the Severity of hypospadias on postnatal day 70, all of the male rabbits were anatomized to observe the development of didymus. Results Hypospadias was seen in group A(0)、group B(22.2%)、group C(95.5%)、group D(85.2%)、group E(100%),and Severity of hypospadias can be divided into 3 degrees. Retained testicle was seen in group A(0)、group B(0)、group C(36.4%)、group D(40.7%)、group E(73.3%). Conclusions The experimental model of hypospadias induced by finasteride is stable.

Objective To study the function of human chorionie gonadotrophin(HCG) in adjus-ting the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in rabbit phallus with hypospadias. Methods Rabbit hypospadias mode was made by Finasteride. After the spontaneous delivery, 35 rabbits were divided into 5 groups with 7 in each group. Four groups accepted HCG intramuscular injection for 7 consecutive days with dosages of 100,200,400 and 600 U, respectively. The control group accepted the same dosage of saline injection. Another 7 normal rabbits were used as normal controls without in-tervention. After 3 weeks, the rabbit phallus tissue was collected and the VEGF levels were detected by ELISA. Results Rabbits with hypospadias accepted HCG 100, 200, 400, 600 U injection had the phallus tissue VEGF level of 5.00±2.37,5.63±1.73, 10.35±2.34 and 16.91±2.34 pg/ml, respectively. While the rabbits accepted saline injection had VEGF levels of 3.99±1.19 pg/ml. The normal rabbit phallus tissue contained VEGF level of 14.82±3.32 pg/ml. There were significant differences between normal group and the rabbits accepted HCG 100, 200, 400 U injection (P＜ 0.05), but there was no difference with the rabbits accepted HCG 600 U injection (P＞0.05). The VEGF level in rabbits accepted 400 U HCG injection had significant difference with rabbits accepted 100, 200, 600 U HCG (P＜0.05). The VEGF levels in rabbits accepted 100, 200 U HCG injection had no difference with rabbits accepted saline injection(P＞0.05). Conclusions The VEGF in rabbit phallus with hypospadias is decreased. HCG of certain dosage could increase VEGF level in rabbit phallus with hypospadias.

Objective To explore the levels of blood N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) and homocysteine(HCY) and their clinical significance in the patients with essential hypertension(EH) complicating left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).Methods One hundred and fifty cases of HE were divided into the EH-LVH group and simple EH group according to the results of cardiac ultrasound.One hundred individuals undergoing physical examination were selected as the control group.The levels of blood NT-proBNP and HCY were compared among three groups and the correlation analysis were analyzed with LV was performed.Results The levels of blood NT-proBNP and HCY in the EH-LVH group were obviously higher than those in the EH group and control group,the EH group was significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of blood NT-proBNP and HCY had significantly positive correlation with left ventricular mass index(LVMI),while negative correlation with mitral flow velocity E/A(P<0.05).Conclusion The NT-proBNP and HCY levels can be used as the indicators for monitoring the development and progress of EH and has some predictive value for its complicating LVH.

0.05), after treatment all the indexes in the 2 groups were decreased(P

Objective The purpose of this study was to study the correlation between dental fluorosis, saliva and plaque fluoride levels and urinary fluoride values in adolescents dental fluorosis. Methods A middle school was chosen as a survey point in the study. Two hundred adolescents were examined the degree of dental fluorosis by Dean's method. These adolescents were divided into four groups according to the severity of fluorosis (n = 52, 40, 28 and 80). Fluoride ion specific electrode was used to measure the fluoride levels in dental plaque, saliva, urinary and drinking water. The differences were analyzed b y ANOVA. Correlation of the fluoride levels between dental plaque, saliva, urine and the degree of dental fluorosis were analyzed by the method of multiple linear regression. Results The average fluoride content of drinking water was (2.20 ± 0.40) mg/L. Compared with controls, the fluoride concentrations in dental plaque, saliva and urine were higher in light, medium and severe dental fluorosis groups [(1.55 ± 0.88), (1.94 ± 0.77), (2.74 ± 0.83) than (0.32 ± 0.20) mg/L; (4.44 ± 1.62), (8.09 ± 0.93), (10.72 ± 0.99) than (0.02 ± 0.01) mg/L;(31.77 ± 6.09), (57.98 ± 1.83), (65.98 ± 2.78) than (13.06 ± 2.11) μg/g, all P<0.05]. Urinary fluoride was correlated with fluoride in saliva and dental plaque (r=0.245, 0.440, all P<0.05). Saliva fluoride was correlated with fluoride in dental plaque (r=0.849, P<0.01). The degree of dental fluorosis was correlated with fluoride in urine and saliva (r = 0.497, 0.896, 0.924, all P< 0.01). The multiple linear regression equation between fluoride in urine and the degree of dent al fluorosis, fluoride in dental plaque and saliva was as follow: y = 1.357 + 1.618x1 + 0.001x2 - 0.331x3 ± 0.69. Conclusions The metabolism of fluoride in body is related with oral fluoride repository in adolescents dental fluorosis. Fluoride in urine is influenced by plaque fluoride level, saliva fluoride concentration and the degree of dental fluorosis.