Objective To study the early protective effect of NADPH on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the expression of occludin and MMP9 induced by oxygen glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). Methods HUVECs were cultured and divided into blank control group, OGD/R group and OGD/R+NADPH 20 μmol/L group. The proliferation of HUVECs after treatment was detected by CCK-8 assay. The cytotoxicity was detected by LDH release assay. The morphological changes of HUVECs were observed by inverted microscope. Superoxide dismutase (SOD MDA) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected by commercially available kit. The expressions of occludin and MMP9 were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the OGD/R, NADPH enhanced the cell viability significantly (P<0.05), reduced the release of LDH (P<0.05), promoted the maintance of HUVECs morphology, reduced MDA generation (P<0.05) and increased SOD activity (P<0.05). Following OGD/R,the treatment of NADPH can inhibit MMP9 level (P<0.05) and promote the recovery of occludin level (P<0.05). Conclusion NADPH can protect HUVECs from the damage induced by OGD/R by reducing oxidative stress and regulating the expressions of MMP9 and occludin.

Objective: To investigate the clincopathologic and immunohistochemical features of gastric glomus tumors and their differences from gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms. Methods: Six cases of gastric glomus tumors, 8 cases of glomus tumors in other sites and 7 cases of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms were collected from the Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital. The clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of these tumors were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The gastric glomus tumors were located in the muscularis propria of the antrum and most cases strongly expressed synaptophysin (5/6). However, no synaptophysin expression was seen in glomus tumors of other organs.Most gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms were located in the mucosa or submucosa of the fundus and corpus. In addition to the strong expression of synaptophysin (7/7), CgA (6/7) and CD56(5/7) were strongly positive, although SMA was negative. Conclusions Gastric glomus tumors and neuroendocrine neoplasms have similar morphological characteristics and both show strongly expression of synaptophysin. However, the location and immunohistochemical characteristics of gastric glomus tumors differ from those of the neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Objective:To screen and identify autoantibody biomarker to diagnose patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods:Candidate autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens were identified from NPC CNE2 cells using serological proteome analysis. Levels of candidate autoantibody biomarkers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 50 patients with NPC and 80 normal controls recruited from the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College between July 2014 and January 2015. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was employed to evaluate diagnostic efficacy.Results:Serological proteome analysis showed that sera from patients with NPC yielded a positive spot, of which was identified as enolase 1 (ENO1). ELISA results showed that the level of serum autoantibody against ENO1 in patients with NPC was significantly higher than that in normal controls [0.165 (0.088, 0.378) vs. 0.100 (0.054, 0.117), Z=4.077, P<0.001]. With the optimum diagnostic cutoff of 0.164, ROC curve showed the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of autoantibodies against ENO1 were 52.0% and 90.0%, respectively. Measurement of autoantibody against ENO1 demonstrated a positive rate of 75.0% for early stage NPC. Conclusion:Autoantibody against ENO1 may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for NPC.

Objective:To investigate the associations of brain white matter integrity deficits, and to explore the association of fractional anisotropy (FA) abnormality with clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments, as well as the prediction effect of the FA alterations on symptoms and cognitive function outcomes in the acute stage of schizophrenia from the whole brain level based on magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Methods:From November 2019 to December 2020, thirty-eight patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 38 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Wisconsin card classification test (WCST), digit span test (DST forward/backward), verbal fluency test, Stroop (A/B/C), trail making test (TMT-A/B), as well as positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) were utilized to evaluate patients' cognitive function and clinical symptoms both before and after 8 weeks of risperidone monotherapy. T1-weighted images and DTI data of all the subjects were collected . FSL and SPM8 were used to preprocess MRI data and compare the between-group differences of FA. Support vector machine (SVM) analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of abnormal FA values in differentiating schizophrenic patients from healthy controls. Finally, stepwise multiple regression analysis or generalized linear models were used to explore the associations between white matter integrity and symptoms or cognition.Results:Before treatment, patients' FA values of right medial temporal lobe (mTL), cuneus, anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) and inferior parietal lobe (IPL) were significantly lower than those in healthy controls ( P<0.01, GRF corrected), and patients' FA values of bilateral middle cingulate gyrus (mCG) were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01, GRF corrected). SVM analysis showed that four combinations could distinguish the patients from the control with the most accurate rate of 89.47%. Patients' baseline decreased FA values in the right IPL were positively associated with their increased total response time in WCST ( β=0.489, P=0.003, FDR corrected), correct response time in WCST ( β=0.450, P=0.008, FDR corrected), error response time in WCST ( β=0.435, P=0.008, FDR corrected), TMT-B ( β=0.296, P=0.042, FDR corrected), Stroop-C ( β=0.345, P=0.035, FDR corrected), and PANSS-P ( β=0.321, P=0.042, FDR corrected). Reduced FA values in the right mTL in patient group were significantly negatively related to the total time spent on the TMT-A ( β=-0.425, P=0.009, FDR corrected) and TMT-B ( β=-0.325, P=0.026 with FDR correction). Increased FA values in right mCG in patient group demonstrated positive associations with total response time in the WCST ( β=0.585, P=0.002, FDR corrected), correct response time in WCST ( β=0.524, P=0.003, FDR corrected), error response time in WCST ( β=0.536, P=0.003, FDR corrected) and total time consuming in TMT-B ( β=0.484, P=0.004, FDR corrected), as well as negative associations with DST-forward ( β=-0.319, P=0.042, FDR corrected). After treatment, patients' percentage changes in total response time of WCST ( β=0.715, P<0.001, FDR corrected), correct response time of WCST ( β=0.752, P<0.001, FDR corrected), as well as total time-consuming of TMT-A ( β=1.333, P=0.001, FDR corrected) showed positive correlations with baseline increased FA values in the left mCG. Percentage alteration of Stroop-B was negatively correlated with baseline FA values in the right cuneus ( β=-0.745, P=0.015, FDR corrected). Conclusions:The combination of abnormal FA values in multiple brain regions may be potential biomarkers to distinguish schizophrenic patients from healthy volunteers. There was regional dependence in the associations of the impairment of white matter integrity with the cognitive impairment, the severity of psychopathological symptoms as well as the prognosis of patients in the acute stage.

OBJECTIVETo investigate neuroendocrine differentiation and Wilms' tumor protein-1 (WT-1) expression in breast mucinous carcinoma and their clinicopathological significance.

METHODSThe clinicopathological data of 65 patients with breast mucinous carcinoma, including 31 cases of mixed mucinous carcinoma, 23 cases of hypocellular pure mucinous carcinoma and 11 cases of hypercellular pure mucinous carcinoma, admitted in Taizhou Hospital from January 2010 to June 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The expression of neuroendocrine markers and WT-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry staining in all cases.

RESULTSThe mixed mucinous carcinomas and hypercelluar pure mucinous carcinomas had higher incidence of axillary lymph node metastasis and human epidermal recepter 2 (HER-2) positive than hypocellular pure mucinous carcinoma (all (P<0.01). However, the difference was not significant between mixed mucinous carcinomas and hypercellular pure mucinous carcinomas (all P>0.05). The expression of neuroendocrine marker was stronger in hypercellular mucinous carcinoma than that in mixed mucinous carcinoma and hypocellular mucinous carcinoma (all (P<0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant between mixed mucinous carcinoma and hypocellular pure mucinous carcinoma (P>0.05). The expression of WT-1 was weaker in mixed mucinous carcinoma than that in hypercellular and hypocellular pure mucinous carcinoma(all (P<0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant between hypercellular and hypocellular pure mucinous carcinoma (P>0.05). The mucinous carcinomas with lymph node metastasis had lower expression of neuroendocrine markers than those without lymph node metastasis ((P<0.01). The expression of WT-1 in breast mucinous carcinoma with lymph node metastasis trended lower than that in those without lymph node metastasis, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONHypercellular pure mucinous breast carcinoma has higher rates of lymph node metastasis and HER-2 amplification than hypocellular pure mucinous carcinoma, the sub-classification of breast pure mucinous carcinoma should be considered. Neuroendocrine differentiation and WT-1 expression may be helpful in distinguishing the subtypes of breast mucinous carcinoma. Breast mucinous carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation trends to have less lymph node metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; classification ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; classification ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; WT1 Proteins ; metabolism