OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of KLT combined with chemotherapy on late can?cers.METHODS:64patients with late cancers were assigned as observation group:receiving KLT+chemotherapy;47patients with late cancers were assigned as control group:receiving routine chemotherapy.RESULTS:In the observation group,the ef?fective rate was48.44%,body weight increase accounted for57.81%,KSP increased85.93%and relief from pain accounted for71.87%;In the control group:the effective rate was34.04%,body weight increase accounted for22.66%,KSD increased48.93%and relief from pain accounted for46.81%.The incidence of ARDs in observation group was obviouly lower than those in control group.CONCLUSION:KLT combined with chemotherapy can raise the therapeut effect on patients with late cancers and improve their life quality.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of the extraction of bone-melon injection for the earlier fracture.Method:100 patients with early fracture were divided into two groups.50 cases in the treatment group used the extraction of the bone-melon injection and 50 cases in the controlled group used compound ossotide injections.Their curative effects were judged according to their healing time,level of relieving pain and functional recovery condition.Result: The patients in the treatment group healed earlier(P

Objective This paper investigated and analyzed medical service of clinical pathway which carries out during five tertiary hospitals from August 2010 to August 2011 in order to understand the weight of high quality nursing care in the clinical pathway and satisfaction for hospitalized patients.Methods 959 hospitalized patients were investigated by way of questionnaire survey,561 in CP wards and 398 in non-CP wards.Some influential data were statistically analyzed using SPSS17.0 statistical software.Results High quality nursing care in clinical pathway possessed a higher proportion of the actual weight.It had positive func-tion for improvement of the satisfaction degree of hospitalized patients.Conclusions It is an impor-tant way for continuous improvement of medical service by carrying out the clinical pathway combined with high quality nursing demonstration project.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the clinical features and the dysfunction and derangement of knee osteoarthritis(OA),in order to improve the understanding of knee OA.Methods Clinical data including symptoms,physical signs,X-ray,arthroscopical findings,pathologic changes,preopera-tive and postoperative diagnosis,treatment and curative effects from206post-arthroscopy patients with OA were analyzed retrospectively.Results The common physical signs were tenderness in knee,positive grinding test of patella,McMurray sign,fricative,muscular atrophy of quadriceps femoris,and stretch or flexion limita-tion.X-ray abnormalities were found as follows in decreasing freguency:bony hyperplasia,articular facet sclero-sis,osteoporosis,uneven articular surface,narrowing of joint space and loose bodies.Arthroscopical findings were as follows:synovial congestion and proliferation,hypertrophy or entrapment of fat pad,osteophyte,syn-ovial fold entrapment,stripping of cartilage,meniscal lesions,subchondral bone exposure,anterior cruciate lig-ament friction or obstruction,and loose bodies.The common diseases that liable to misdiagnosis preoperatively were synovial chondroma,anterior cruciate ligament impingement syndrome and meniscal lesions.The rate of excellent and good results after arthroscopic treatment was86.6%.Conclusion Hypertrophy and entrapment of fat pad,thickening and entrapment of synovial fold,stripping of cartilage,meniscal lesions,anterior cruciate ligament friction or obstruction,and loose bodies are the key factors that cause knee dysfunction in OA.The arthroscopic treatment is an effective supplement in treating knee OA.

Objective:To explore the clinical value on application of laparoscopic ultrasonography (Lap US) in the adnexal operation. Methods:Eleven patients including 7 cases of tubal pregnancy, 3 cases of teratoma of ovary and 1 case of endometrial cyst of ovary were examined by LapUS, then operated with laparoscopy.Results:The results showed that the modality presented is a big progress over the traditional operative management for adnexal diseas. Conclusions:It is a good approach for micro-surgery in the adnexal operation by laparoscopy.

BACKGROUND: There are a lot of immunologic studies about limb allotransplantation in animal experiment. But, it is only early investigation in clinic; its clinical immunologic study needs further accumulation.OBJECTIVE: To dynamically analyze the early immunologic state change in patients following hand allotransplantation.DESIGN: Controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou General Hospital,Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA; Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Two patients who underwent unilateral hand allotransplantation in the Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou General Hospital,Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA were enrolled, serving as experimental group. The observation was between September 1999 and March 2000. Twenty persons, including 12 male and 8 female, who homochronously received health examination, aged 20 to 45 years, were enrolled, serving as healthy control group. They all had no reactive immune and infectious diseases, and voluntarily participated in the trial.METHODS: Peripheral blood was collected from 2 patients who underwent hand allotransplantation once respectively at pre-operative 1 day and 3 days. Blood collecting was performed once per day at post-operative 1 week, three times per week at post-operative 2 to 4 weeks, twice per week at 5 to 8 weeks post-operation, once per week at 9 to 16 weeks post-operation, twice per month at 5 to 6 months post-operation. ① Peripheral blood T cell subgroups (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cells)were detected by flow cytometer,serum panel reactive antibody (PRA) by ELISA method, serum C-reactive protein by turbidimetric immanoassay (TIA), serum creatine kinase (CK) by enzyme dynamics method. ②Mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR): mitomycin C-treated donor peripheral blood lymphocytes were used as stimulator, and proliferative reaction of peripheral blood lymphocyte of patients to donor transplanted antigen was detected with the incorporation of 3H-TDR method (Negative: There was no significant difference between the mean value of stimulation index and 1, conversely positive). Autogenic peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with the same way replaced donor stimulator, serving as control. Stimulation index of each specimen was calculated (Stimulation index=Experiment cmp/controlcpm), serving as control index. Peripheral blood T-cell subgroups (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cell), serum PRA, C-reactive protein and CK were detected in 20 persons in healthy control group;Twenty persons were randomly divided into 10 groups. Two persons in each group were used as donor and recipient mutually and performed MLR.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Peripheral blood T cell subgrpups (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cell). ②PRA. ③ C-reactive protein. ④CK. ⑤MLR.RESULTS: ①CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cell levels were obviously decreased within one week after operation. CD3+ and CD4+T cell levels both recovered to be the pre-operative levels, but CD8+ level exceeded pre-operative level significantly [CD3+: (66.43±4.56); CD4+: (30.55±3.94); CD8 +:(33.45 ±2.69)]. There was no significant difference between experiment group and control group. ②Serum PRA was 0 to 10%, there was no significant difference as compared with control group. ③ Serum C-reactive protein was 0 to 0.359 mg/L, there was no significant difference as compared with control group. ④ Serum CK was 25 to 170 mmol/L, and there was no significant difference as compared with control group. ⑤ MLR after transplantation was negative, and it turned into be positive 5 months later.They were all positive in control group.CONCLUSION: Short-term change and long-term redistribution of T cell subgroups are closely related to immunosuppressive agent, suggesting that immunosuppressive agent has obvious effect on T-cell subgroup following hand allotransplantation. Immuno-induction schedule make patients be in immune suppression state, which effectively avoid early rejection. But patients cannot bear specificity yet; they need the inhibition of immunosuppressive agents.

BACKGROUND: There are many methods for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction, which is involved in many graft materials, but few studies aim to compare the differences in outcomes of different grafts for PCL reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical results of arthroscopic PLC reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone (B-PT-B) autograft, B-TP-B allograft and semitendinosus tendon autograft. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was completed in the Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Area Military Command of Chinese PLA from January 2000 to September 2005. MATERIALS: Totally 76 patients underwent arthroscopic PLC reconstruction from January 2000 to September 2005, with the use of B-TP-B autograft in 21 patients, B-TP-B allograft in 27 patients, semitendinosus tendon autograft in 28 patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in 76 patients underwent arthroscopic PCL reconstruction, with the use of B-TP-B autograft in 21 patients, B-TP-B allograft in 27 patients, semitendinosus tendon autograft in 28 patients. Postoperative body temperature was examined duration hospitalization. The follow-up parameters included International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, Lysholm knee joint scores, and KT-1000 evaluation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Range of motion. ②joint stability: posterior draw test and KT-1000 test. ③overall function of knee: IKDC scores and Lysholm scores; ④complications and side effect. RESULTS: The time of follow-up visit was 26-79 months. Differences were no statistically significant among the IKDC scores, Lysholm scores, KT-1000 side-side difference, the positive rate of posterior draw test in three groups of patients with PCL reconstruction using B-TP-B autograft, B-TP-B allograft and semitendinosus tendon graft (P > 0.05); 10° flexion limitation was found in 3 cases of B-TP-B autograft, 5° flexion limitation in 1 case of B-TP-B allograft and flexion limitation in 2 case of semitendinosus tendon graft. There was no significant difference in the ratio of knee joint flexion limitation among three groups. No synarthrophysis, wound infection, implant disrupture, screw loose, patellar fracture or vascular nerve injury was observed in three groups of patients; There were 12 cases presenting anterior knee pain in the B-TP-B autograft group and 5 cases presenting posterior knee pain in the semitendinosus tendon graft group. The difference of peal-knee pain incidence was statistically significant among three groups (P=0), the highest in B-TP-B autograft group, then semitendinosus tendon graft group and the lowest in B-TP-B allograft group. The time of post-operative fever in B-TP-B autograft group was earlier than that in the B-TP-B allograft and semitendinosus tendon graft groups (P=0). There was no significant difference between allogreft group and semitendinosus tendon autograft group (P=0.844). The rejections appeared in 4 cases of B-TP-B allograft with the manifestations of the sustained jam-like liquid outflow from tibial tunnel. After dressing, hormones or indomethacln, the rejection was healed. CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic B-TP-B autograft, B-TP-B autograft and semitendinosus tendon autograft have the same clinical curative effect in PCL reconstruction.

Objective To establish a reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction ( RT-nPCR ) assay for detection of tree shrews orthoreovirus (TRV).Methods Three strains of TRV were respectively isolated from fresh feces of three tree shrews that came from the same field at different times .We designed and synthesized two pairs of MRV L1 gene nested primers and established the system of RT-nPCR.The TRV RNA was extracted and reversely transcribed to cDNA as a template for nested-PCR amplification.The developed RT-nPCR was optimized.The specificity and sensitivity were tested.Finally, the RT-nPCR was used to detect TRV in 25 tree shrew samples.Results Taking the genomic RNA of TRV as template, the RT-nPCR was able to amplify a specific fragment band targeting the L 1 gene, while there were no target bands in the normal cell control , ( Wa strain rotavirus , hepatitis A virus , and herpes simplex virus ) .The RNA of TRV was diluted by 1:10 to 1:109 .Each dilution sample was analyzed by the RT-nPCR.The minimum detectable concentration of RNA was 0.01 pg/μL.The results of RT-nPCR detection showed that 4 of the 15 tree shrews were TRV-positive in the survival group , and 10 of 10 tree shrews were TRV-positive in the death group . Conclusions The RT-nRCR assay established in this study is accurate , specific and sensitive .Therefore, it can be used for routine detection of TRV in quality assurance testing .

Objective To understand the histological characteristics of the major endocrine organs of tree shrew , and provide a normal histological atlas of endocrine organs of tree shrew .Methods Ten artificially fed healthy tree shrews were killed and dissected after anesthesia .The thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands were observed by gross inspection and samples were taken for routine histological examination with HE staining .Results ( 1 ) The thyroid gland was pale yellow, located on both sides of the 2-4 tracheal rings.The thyroid gland was plate-shaped, its surface was covered with a thin fibrous capsule . The thyroid parenchyma was divided into several lobules by stretched capsule membrane .Follicular and parafollicular cells were distributed in the lobules , and red colloid was present in follicular cavity.(2) Each side had one parathyroid , located on the cranial or the outer surface of the middle part of the thyroid gland, and was slightly covered by thyroid .The gland was round or oval , and its parenchyma was made up of the principal cells and eosinophil cells , and acinar structure appeared in the parenchyma .( 3 ) The adrenal glands were oval , yellow color, located in the renal hili , and linked to the kidneys .They were surrounded by a thin capsule .The parenchyma was divided into cortex and medulla .The cortex was divided into zona glomerulosa , zona fasciculata and zona reticularis from outside to inside.The zona glomerulosa was the thickest layer and the zona fasciculata was the thinnest .The medulla cells formed clumps or mesh, with central vein in the central part .(4) The pituitary gland was located in the sella turcica , with no recessus hypophysis .The pituitary gland was composed of the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis .Its surface was covered with a connective tissue capsule .The pituitary gland was divided into distal part , middle part and pars tuberalis . neurohypophysis was made up of neural and pars infundibularis .Conclusions The histological atlas of endocrine organs in the tree shrew is established , which is close to that of the primate animals in the morphology , and provide histological evidence for the study of tree shrew endocrine organs and disorders , as well as the animal model of human diseases .

Objective To screen out specific microsatellite markers for use in Tupaia belangeri chinensis genetic testing. Methods Firstly to screen about 700 microsatellite loci from whole genome.Secondly to choose about 100 better loci without defect factors.Lastly 46 primers were designed by 33 tree shrew’ s microsatellite loci obtained from whole genome and other references.Agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for PCR products, and better loci based on electrophoresis results were chosen.Then STR scan was used to select the microsatellite loci combination for genetic testing.Results Twenty-two microsatellite loci were selected with a significant Stutter peak on STR scanning.Comparing the alternative loci and ultimately selected loci, there were two loci available in the five alternative loci of T.glis.The coincidence rate between T.glis and T.b.chinensis was 40%.There were two loci available in the five alternative loci of T.minor, and the coincidence rate between T.minor and T.b.chinensis was 40%.There were two loci available in the three alternative loci of T.belangeri, and the coincidence rate between T.belangeri and T.b. chinensis was about 70%.Conclusions The 22 microsatellite loci screened in this study are well applied for genetic testing of Tupaia belangeri chinensis, therefore, provide a scientific basis for the genetic quality monitoring of tree shrews.