Radiotherapy is the main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma .The intensity modulated ra-diation therapy is one of the most ideal radiotherapy technology for nasopharyngeal carcinoma .Local recurrence and distant metastasis are still the main reasons responded to the radiation fails .Therefore,chemoradiotherapy has become the most recommended treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC) ,and the synchronous chemoradio-therapy is a widely accepted joint model .Neoadjuvant chemotherapy shows significant advantages comparing to concurrent chemoradiotherapy in reducing the adverse reactions ,while it is uncertain whether the follow -up ma-intenance chemotherapy can improve total survival .The understanding of targeted drugs in chemoradiotherapy is still in early stage,but the result is worth looking forward to .In addition,novel treatments and concepts ,including immune therapy and biological chemotherapy ,are attracting more and more attention .

Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) also referred to as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes-virus (KSHV),is a novel tumor causing virus,which is thought to be the etiologic agent of KS,and also is associated with primary effusion lymphoma(PEL) and multicentric castleman’s disease(MCD) HHV-8 encodes a number of viral proteins, including the proteins associated with HHV-8 latent infection and lytic infection,and the proteins unique to HHV-8,which are critical players in the development of KS and HHV-8-associated diseases. The proteins encoded by HHV-8 and association between HHV-8 and KS were reviewed.

Objective Based on the analysis of time domain of heart sound with envelop to extract the envelope character of heart sounds.Methods The envelope extraction of heart sounds based on Hilbert-Huang Transform was given.Firstly,the original heart sounds signal was preprocessed by Huang Transform.Secondly,the envelope of heart sounds was got with Hilbert Transform.Results The first heart sound and the second heart sound were extracted,and all kinds of characters in time domain of heart sound were acquired more accurately.Conclusion The envelope of heart sound is extracted correctly.The foundation for further analysis of heart sounds is established.

Objective To establish a model of renal artery and vein blockage and detect the real time change of ascorbic acid in the renal cortex in vivo.Methods Sixteen rabbits were randomly divided into experiment and control groups(8 in each).Under anesthesia,the left kidney and artery-vein were dissociated and a microdialysis probe was inserted into the renal cortex.After being balanced for 60 minutes,the change of ascorbic acid in the renal cortex was detected.Ischemia was achieved by clamping the renal pedicle for 60 minutes followed by reperfusion for another 60 minutes in the experiment group.While in the control,the same procedure was performed during a same time interval without clamping the renal pedicle.Microdialysis samples were collected before,during,and after the ischemia in the rabbits,and then ascorbic acid in the microdialysates were real-time measured by an electrochemical method.Results The concentrations of ascorbic acid in the microdialysates were(18.9?7.5)?mol/L,(24.8?11.3)?mol/L,and(23.3?8.9)?mol/L respectively before,during,and after the renal warm ischemia.In the experiment group,the concentration of ascorbic acid was increased rapidly by 31.2% (24.8-18.9)/18.9] following ischemia(P0.05).Conclusions Ascorbic acid is a sensitive indicator of renal ischemia/reperfusion.The level of ischemia in renal context can be monitored in real time by detecting the concentration of ascorbic acid in vivo using microdialysis-electrochemical method.The method can be used for the further studies on ischemia/reperfusion.

Objective To build a literature database that systematically sorts out and integrates related knowledge of Yersinia pestis researches, which will improve the efficiency of future researches on Y.pestis.Methods EndNote X5 software was used as a literature collection tool in this research.Computer languages, including Perl and PHP, were employed to standardize the text data, establish the entity relationship model, code the webpage and build the basic literature database.The tool combination of Apache+PHP+MySQL that is usually used in development of small or medium-scale websites was selected to build a dynamic website.Results and Conclusion The Y.pestis literature database(YPKD) was constructed (accessed by http://101.201.51.148/ypkd/.), from which users can quickly search or browse the required literature, download the required full text, and obtain the latest online information on Y.pestis.The database can serve as a model for establishing literature databases of other crucial pathogens.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression of aquaporins 1 (AQP1) and AQP5 during lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats in an in vitro experiment.Methods SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 3-4 months,weighing 250-320 g,were used in this study.Forty-five isolated rat lungs in which the model of isolated lung perfusion was successfully established were divided into 3 groups (n=15 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S group),I/R group and dexmedetomidine group (D group).The isolated rat lungs were continuously perfused for 150 min in group S.After 15 min of perfusion,the isolated rat lungs were subjected to 60 min of ischemia and apnea followed by 75 min of ventilation and reperfusion to establish the model of isolated lung I/R injury in group I/R.In group D,the isolated rat lungs were perfused for 15 min with K-H perfusion fluid containing 10 nmol/L dexmedetomidine,and then subjected to 60 min of ischemia and apnea followed by 75 min of ventilation and reperfusion with K-H perfusion fluid containing 10 nmol/L dexmedetotnidine.The lung compliance,airway resistance,perfusion flow and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) were recorded at 10 min of perfusion and 15,45 and 75 min after restoration of perfusion.Lung tissues were obtained at 75 min after restoration of perfusion for determination of wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio) and for examination of the pathological changes and changes in the uhrastructure.The expression of AQP1 and AQP5 protein and mRNA in lung tissues was detected by Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Results Compared with S group,the airway resistance was significantly increased and lung compliance,perfusion flow and PaO2 were decreased during reperfusion,and W/D ratio was increased in I/R and D groups (P＜0.05),the expression of AQP1 and AQP5 protein and mRNA in lung tissues was significantly down-regulated in group I/R,and the expression of AQP 1 and AQP5 protein and mRNA in lung tissues was significantly up-regulated in group D (P＜0.05).Compared with I/R group,the airway resistance was significantly decreased and lung compliance,perfusion flow and PaO2 were increased during reperfusion,W/D ratio was decreased,the expression of AQP1 and AQP5 protein and mRNA in lung tissues was up-regulated (P＜0.05),and the pathological changes of lung tissues was significantly attenuated in group D.Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine reduces I/R injury may be related to up-regulation of the expression of AQP1 and AQP5 in rats in an in vitro experiment.

Objective To investigate the mycobactericidal efficacy of linezolid on multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in vitro.Methods Seven hundred and sixty-two Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 20 NTM isolates from Hangzhou were identified by using hsp65 gene sequencing from March to June,2013.Seventy MDR-TB isolates,which were screened by using proportion method,and twenty NTM isolates were tested the MIC to linezolid,and the differences of MICs to linezolid between MDR-TB and NTM werw analyzed in vitro.Results All 70 MDR-TB isolates were inhibited at concentrations of ≤ 1 mg/L by linezolid,MIC50 was 0.5 mg/L and MIC90 1 mg/L.Of all 8 isolates inhibited at concentration of 1 mg/L,there were 6 isolates resistant to isoniazid,rifampin,streptomycin and ethambutol,suggesting this resistance pattern may reduce sensitivity to linezolid.Among the NTM isolates,18 Mycobacterium intracellulare isolates,whose MICs to linezolid at 8-16 mg/L,were non-resistant isolates,while 2 Mycobacterium abscessus isolates displaying MICs ＞ 32 mg/L,were resistant to linezolid.Conclusions Linezolid showed great activity to MDR-TB and there were no linezolid-resistant MDR-TB isolates identified in this study.However,MICs of MDR-TB against linezolid increased with their resistant numbers to first-line agents.This study also showed that different NTM species have varied sensitivity to linezolid.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the core self-evaluations,copying style and learning engagement of college students.Methods 250 college students were asked to complete the core self-evaluations scale,copying style scale and learning engagement scale.ResultsBivariate correlations results indicated that there was significantly positive correlation between the core self-evaluations,copying style and learning engagement in college students( r=0.179 ～ 0.586,P＜ 0.05 ) ; core self-evaluations affected motivation indirectly by the copying style; core self-evaluations had a direct influence on vigor and absorption; core self-evaluations had a indirect influence on vigor and absorption.ConclusionCopying style was a full mediator of the relationship of the core self-evaluations and motivation,but copying style partially mediated the relationship of the core self-evaluations and vigor and absorption.

Objective To study the effects of closed self-help sterile gloves wearing in surgical operations.Methods One hundred surgical personnel were randomly divided into two groups:the observation group(n=51)using the closed self-help gloves wearing and the control group(n=49)using the conventional wearing.The two group were compared about the rates of edge curling of the gloves and cuff exposure.Result The closed self-help gloves wearing group had significantly lower rates of edge curling and cuff exposure than the control group(P<0.05,for both).Conclusion Closed self-help gloves wearing can effectively prevent the edge from curling during wearing gloves and reduce cuff exposure in the operation so as to reduce the risk of surgical contaminations.

ObjectiveTo explore the radiological features of hypophosphatasia.MethodsFive cases of hypophosphatasia were definitely diagnosed,which included 3 males and 2 females aged from 5 months to 23 years.The laboratory assays were analyzed,radiological appearances of bone were determined and differential diagnoses were made.ResultsThe alkaline phosphatase in blood serum of five patients decreased,which were 8,20,13,21,and 18 U/L respectively.Phosphoethanolamine increased in blood serum of the five patients,which were 16.5,13.5,21.6,18.7,and 28.9 μmol/L respectively.Phosphoethanolamine also increased in urine,which were 2350,9120,3520,5280,and 1820 μmol/L respectively.Calcium in blood serum increased,which were 4.2,5.6,4.9,6.1,and 3.5 mmol/L respectively.X-ray images displayed that the density of bone decreased in 5 cases,the metaphyses exhibited widening and cupping in 4 cases,the provisional calcification zone of the metaphysis became thinning or disappearing in 4 cases,long bone bended in 4 cases and pathologically fractured in 1 case.Conclusion Hypophosphatasia can be indicated by its relatively special radiological appearance,and it can be diagnosed and differentiated from rickets,osteomalacia and osteogenesis imperfect by the laboratory examination combined with its clinical presentation.