BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells receive a high attention in tissue engineering research. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells lack of specific surface marker, there is no effective purified method. Purified adipose is a simple method to elevate purify of stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To analyze how to purify adipose tissues before primary culture of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled animal experiment was performed at the Shanghai Animal Center of Experimental Medicine of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital between December 2007 and March 2008. MATERIALS: Four-week old Sprague Dawley rats were used for obtaining adipose tissues from the inguinal groove. METHODS: Adipose tissues from rat inguinal groove were dissected to educe superficial blood vessel and blood vessel branches. Both blood vessel inside and elliptic nodal tissues surrounding blood vessels were excised. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Stained elliptic nodal tissues stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin were observed with a microscope to make sure what kind of tissues they are. The purified adipose tissues and unpurified adipose tissues were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin. The differences in their tissue construction were observed using the microscope. RESULTS: Elliptic nodal tissues stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin were proved to be lymphatic tissues. The tissue construction of purified adipose tissues was pure, and the cellular component was simple. Conversely, the tissue construction of unpurified adipose tissues was complicated, and cells were various with complicated components. CONCLUSION: The component of adipose tissues used to primary cultured adipose tissue-derived stem cells is complicated. As resection of superficial blood vessel, skin and muscle tissues, blood vessel inside tissues and lymphatic tissues should also be excised.

In 1970′s a prevailing hypothesis postulated herpes simplex virus in cervical cancer aetiology,but Hausen has made seminal observations that identify novel human papilloma viruses as key contributors to cervical cancer and hybridization technique of nucleic acid has proven it.After the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) by Sinossi and Montagnier,they held the evolutional history of HIV.The article objectively evaluates the role in the discovery of HIV,played by Gallo.

Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of influenza vaccine among people aged 70 years and older in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide a basis for formulating immunization strategies. Methods: The influenza-like illness (ILI) cases aged 70 years and older treated in influenza surveillance sentinel hospital in Jiaxing City from November 2022 to May 2023 were selected. The medical information and influenza vaccination information were collected by a questionnaire survey, and influenza virus was detected using the quantitative fluorescent real-time PCR assay. The test-negative design case-control study was used to analyze the influencing factors of influenza virus positive and evaluate vaccine effect (VE). Results: Totally 1 084 ILI cases were enrolled, including 535 males (49.35%) and 549 females (50.64%). There were 732 cases (67.53%) aged 70 to 79 years, and 352 cases (32.47%) aged 80 years and older. There were 689 cases with underlying diseases, accounting for 63.56%. A total of 224 influenza virus positive samples were detected, with a positive rate of 20.66%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that a lower possibility of influenza virus positive was seen in ILI cases aged 80 years and older, with underlying diseases and with influenza vaccination in the current season (all P<0.05). A total of 345 cases were vaccinated against influenza in the current season, with a vaccination rate of 31.83%. The VE of influenza vaccine was 37.40% (95%CI: 12.40%-55.40%), of which the VE to A (H1N1) was 36.00% (95%CI: 7.50%-55.70%) and to A (H3N2) was 40.90% (95%CI: -26.00%-72.30%). The VE for ILI cases aged 70 to 79 years was 41.00% (95%CI: 13.90%-59.60%), and for ILI cases aged 80 years and older was 20.60% (95%CI: -64.60%-61.70%). Conclusions Influenza vaccine has a certain protective effect on cases aged 70 years and older. Free influenza vaccination for the elderly should be continuously promoted and the vaccination coverage should be increased.

Objective To detect the expression of β-catenin in the tissues of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and to discuss its function in PCNSL.Methods The paraffin embedded tissues from 10 patients diagnosed as PCNSL from October 2010 to April 2012 were collected as the experimental group.The paraffin embedded tissues from 10 patients with lymphadenitis were collected as the control group.Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical method were used to detect the expression of β-catenin in these tissues, and the relationships between β-catenin and clinical data were analyzed.Results Immunohistochemistry results showed that β-catenin protein was localized in the cytoplasm and (or) nucleus.Among 10 PCNSL patients, β-catenin protein was positive in 4 patients, while it was no positive in all of 10 lymphadenitis patients, with the significant differences between both groups (P ＜ 0.05).The β-catenin gene relative expression level was 4.70±0.57 and 1.00±0.27 in the experimental group and the control group, respectively.β-catenin expression was no correlation to age, PS score, cerebrospinal fluid protein level and serum lactate dehydrogenase level of patients with PCNSL.Conclusions Whether in mRNA level or in protein level, β-catenin expression is always high in PCNSL tissues, and its protein is expressed in the cytoplasm, however, this phenomenon was not observed in the tissue of lymphadenitis.

Objective To develop a simple and quick method for detection of stress-induced 5′transfer RNA( tRNA) halves.Methods Total RNA purified from stress induced cells was polyadenylated by poly( A) polymerase, and then degen-erate DNA probes were used to hybridize with 3′tRNA-halves of intact tRNAs,while RNase H specifically degraded the 3′tRNA-halves strand in tRNA-DNA probes hybrids.Using the RNase H digestion total RNA as templates, complementary DNA( cDNA) was synthesized by oligo ( dT) n-anchored primers.The primer of 5′tRNA halves and anchored-primer were used to amplify 5′tRNA halves by PCR.Results The results showed that the method of poly ( A )-tailed-RNase H digestion-RT-PCR could be successfully used to detect stress-induced 5′tRNA halves.Conclusion A simple and quick method for detection of 5′tRNA halves has been established,which is a user-friendly tool for 5′tRNA halves detection and function research.

Objective To evaluate the changes of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics of Chiari malformation type I associated syringomyelia patients with phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI).Methods Thirty cases diagnosed with Chiari malformation type Ⅰ associated with syringomyelia clinically underwent cisterna plasty treatment.Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics changes were measured before 24 h and 6 months after operation with PC-MRI.The stroke volume (SV),mean flow (MF),regurgitation fractions (RF) and the maximum peak flow velocity (Vmax) were analyzed.Results After operation,PC-MRI showed SV and MF increased,the bidirectional Vmax decreased,which had statistical difference compared with those of preoperation (all P＜0.05),and the C2-3 level was the most obvious.Conclusion PC-MRI can quantitative analysis of preoperative and postoperative changes of cerebrospinal fluid flow and peak velocity.

Sepsis should be defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dys-regulated host response to infection. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is one of the methods for the clinical treatment of sepsis. For patients undergoing CRRT, rational antimicrobial therapy is very important for the control of patient's infection. However, during CRRT, there is no clear guideline for the dose adjustment of antibiotics. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of CRRT combined with antibiotics on sepsis treatment in China and abroad, and discussed its effect on antibiotic clearance, and provided reference for clinical work.

Objective: To investigate the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2019, so as to provide insights into improvements of the therapeutic effect of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: Data pertaining to pulmonary tuberculosis in Jiaxing City from 2017 to 2019 were collected from the Tuberculosis Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including demographics, treatment classification, sputum culture and drug resistance. The spectrum, types and prevalence of drug resistance in M. tuberculosis to four first-line tuberculosis drugs, including isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), streptomycin (SM) and ethambutol (EMB), was analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 1 310 M. tuberculosis isolates were cultured from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Jiaxing City from 2017 to 2019, and there were 259 M. tuberculosis isolates that were resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs, with an overall drug resistance rate of 19.77%. The prevalence rates of drug resistance to INH, SM, RFP and EMB were 13.36%, 11.83%, 5.50% and 3.59%, respectively. The prevalence of drug resistance was lower in M. tuberculosis isolates from treatment-naïve patients than from retreated patients (18.45% vs. 34.58%, P<0.05). M. tuberculosis isolates presented high resistance to SM (4.50%) and INH alone (4.35%), the highest resistance to INH-SM combinations (3.28%), and the highest resistance to INH+RFP+SM combinations (1.83%). Sixteen isolates were resistant to all the four drugs, with a drug resistance rate of 1.22%. The proportions of resistance to a single drug, RFP resistance, multidrug resistance and resistance to two and more drugs were 10.31%, 5.50%, 4.73% and 4.73%, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of RFP resistance among all patients and treatment-naïve patients both showed a tendency towards a rise from 2017 to 2019 (P<0.05). The prevalence of RFP resistance (7.01% vs. 3.76%) and resistance to two and more drugs (6.01% vs. 3.25%) was both higher among interprovincial mobile tuberculosis patients than among local non-mobile patients (P<0.05). Conclusions The overall prevalence of drug resistance was lower in M. tuberculosis isolates in Jiaxing City from 2017 to 2019 than in Zhejiang Province, with INH and RFP resistance as predominant types.

BACKGROUND: In the clinic, super-hard plaster is widely used for preparation of casts that can duplicate oral cavity situation, such as fixed denture and removable denture. The bending resistance of super-hard plaster can sufficiently resist the force to strip, which would avoid the fracture of tooth model. However, the symptom of tooth model fracture exists when hard material, such as polyether rubber, is used as impression material. OBJECTIVE: To compare the dimensional accuracy and bending resistance among four kinds of super-hard plaster: YCG, Dentona, Heraeus, and Huicheng. METHODS: Mental casts including three unit fixed bridge and cuboid (50 mm×10 mm×5 mm) were prepared and then poured with the above-mentioned four kinds of super-hard plaster. Then dimensional accuracy and bending resistance of the casts were measured through the use of universal tool microscope and universal testing machine. CONCLUSION AND RESULTS: The proximal-distal dimensional accuracy of YCG, Dentona, Heraeus, and Huicheng super-hard plaster casts was 15.043, 15.034, 15.037 and 15.040 mm, respectively, the buccolingual dimensional accuracy was 7.020, 7.015, 7.019, and 7.019 mm, respectively, the tooth long-axis dimensional accuracy was 8.022, 8.018, 8.019, and 8.02 mm, respectively. The bending resistance of the four super-hard plaster casts was 15.687, 13.000, 22.521, 18.675 MPa, respectively. There was no significant difference in dimensional accuracy (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference in bending resistance (P < 0.01), among these four super-hard plaster casts. The bending resistance of Heraeus super-hard plaster cast was significantly greater compared with the other 3 super-hard plaster casts (P < 0.01), and the bending resistance of Huicheng super-hard plaster cast was significantly greater than that of Dentona super-hard plaster cast (P < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that Heraeus super-hard plaster has the highest bending resistance, followed by Huicheng and YCG super-hard plaster casts, and lastly Dentona super-hard plaster cast. These findings suggest that super-hard plaster cast with greater bending resistance should be chosen as possible according to practical situation.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, tissue engineering has made great progress, and skin tissue engineering is especialy noteworthy. Artificial dermis (PELNAC) is relatively used widely, but there is a lack of relevant reports on wound repair in children. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Pelnac? METHODS:In a retrospective study, 22 patients with the wound of severe trauma were treated with Pelnac as skin graft dressings on treatment of the wounds of severe trauma in children. ? graft, negative-pressure wound therapy and split-thickness skin graft as experimental group (Pelnac? group), and another 19 patients treated with granulation formation dressing and split-thickness skin graft as control group. We colected data including the graft livability, the required re-operative times and the epithelization time after the skin graft. During the folow-up, the skin color and texture of survival skin, subcutaneous fulness, scar hyperplasia and the joint function were also evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the Pelnac ? group, the graft livability was up to 90% within 10-14 days after grafting. The secondary split-thickness skin graft was required in two cases in the Pelnac? group and in eight cases in the control group. There was a significant difference in the graft livability (P < 0.05). The average epithelization time after the skin graft was (13.86±3.09) days in the Pelnac? group, which was significant shorter than the control group, (19.10±4.62) days, after the first time operation (P< 0.05). During the 10 months folow-up, the survival skin color and skin elasticity in the Pelnac? group was significantly better than that in the control group (P< 0.05). Better subcutaneous fulness and milder scar hyperplasy in the injured sites were obtained in the Pelnac? group compared with the control gorup. Five cases had certain joint function limitation in the Pelnac? group, compared to 10 cases in the control group, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Artificial dermis Pelnac? has a stronger anti-infectious ability and higher graft livability. Pelnac? graft combined with negative-pressure wound therapy, granulation culture and split-thickness skin graft can shorten the epithelization time, improve wound healing and aleviate harm to the joint function after the skin graft.