The clinical manifestations of the disease include dysphagia, foreign body sensation in pharyngeal, retrosternal pain and regurgitation. Physical examination showed a sausage-shaped mass hanging outside the mouth, sometimes. CT scan demonstrated a benign placeholder in upper segment of esophagus. Surgery is the only way to achieve radical cure. Pathological examination: inflammtory fibroid polyp.
Deglutition Disorders ; Esophagus ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; pathology ; Pharynx ; Polyps ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To analyze the imaging manifestation and feature of congenial pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas (CPAVF) and observe the effect of endovascular treatment. Methods The plain films, CT and DSA of CPAVF retrospective- ly were analyzed. The effect of transcatheter embolization with coil was observed by follow-up. Results Feeding artery was pulmonary artery branches in five cases and was branchial artery in one case. The images of all cases were divided into three types: simple type-3 cases, complex type-2 cases and diffuse type-1 case. Both CT and DSA could give the correct diagnosis, however 3 cases were diagnosed wrongly by X-ray. Three cases were underwent transcatheter endovascular em- bolism with coils, and one case were done three times. Systemic arterial oxygen saturation improved strikingly in two pa- tients after treatment, and the symptoms of hemoptsis disappeared immediately after branchial arterial embolism in other case. Conclusion DSA was the best means in the diagnosis of PAVF. CT and three-dimensional reconstruction can be giv- en correct and direct diagnosis for big PAVF, but can not replace DSA in the diagnosis of small PAVF. Percutaneous tran- scatheter endovascular embolism with coils is an effective and safe treatment for PAVF, but it is only a palliative therapy for diffuse PAVF.

Aim To set up a highly effective and automatic mouse sleep-wake bioassay system,and evaluate the system through analysis of the somnogenic effects of L-stepholidine(SPD),targeting at dopamine D1/D2 receptors in mice.Methods The animals were housed in an insulated and soundproof recording chamber maintained at a constant temperature and humidity on an automatically controlled 12 h light/12 h dark cycle.The electroencephalogram and electromyogram were recorded continuously for 48 hours and analyzed by SleepSign software.Saline was administered ip to the mice at 21:00 on the first day,and SPD was given on the next day at the same hour.The vigilance state was analyzed based on the polygraphic recordings by the same software.Results The system has been demonstrated to be highly efficient and stable in recording and reliable in analyzing sleep-wake behavior in mice.With the aid of the sleep bioassay system,we found that SPD significantly increased the total time spent in sleep during dark period,and prolonged durations of non-rapid eye movement sleep episodes,with a concomitant reduction in amount and EEG power density of wakefulness.SPD rendered no effect on rapid eye movement sleep.Conclusion Through the reliable mouse sleep bioassay system,we found that SPD promotes non-rapid eye movement sleep but not rapid eye movement sleep in mice.

The technology of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS) is a newly-developed mean for analyzing some specific nucleus and their compounds making use of the principles of magnetic resonance and the effects of chemical shift. Currently, among MRS applications, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) is the most widely applied one developed from single voxel to three-dimensional multi-voxel scanning technique. It provides a lot of important information for clinical studies. This article mainly reviews the methods for absolute quantification measurement of brain metabolites using multi-voxel MRS.

Objective:To investigate the features, diagnostic value and clinical significance of prenatal ultrasound for umbilical cord ulcer (UCU).Methods:Ultrasonographic characteristics of three fetuses with UCU diagnosed at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2014 to June 2020 were reviewed. Relevant articles published from January 1, 1990, to June 1, 2020, were retrieved from Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed databases and analyzed. Likelihood ratio, adjusted Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the association between the pathological results and fetal outcomes. Results:(1) Among the three fetuses with UCU, two were complicated by upper gastrointestinal obstruction and one by intrauterine infection. Two of them survived and one died after birth. Prenatal ultrasound examination of the umbilical cord and amniotic cavity showed one case was normal, while the other two showing features such as flocculent hypoechoic sign around the umbilical cord, cloudy hyperechoic sign ejecting from the umbilical cord lesion in dynamic observation, exposed umbilical vessels and ribbon-like echo around the umbilical cord. (2) No reported case of UCU had been found in any publications in China. A total of 39 reported cases of UCU complicated by duodenal or jejunal obstruction were retrieved from English literature, among which intrauterine fetal death, neonatal death and live births accounted for 30.8% (12/39), 28.2% (11/39) and 41.0% (16/39), respectively. Six cases with intrauterine abnormalities detected by prenatal ultrasound survived after emergent cesarean section, showing a positive detection rate of 15.4% (6/39), of which three obtained a snapshot of umbilical cord bleeding and three were characterized by lamellar and linear echoes around the amniotic cavity or umbilical cord. Hemorrhagic amniotic fluid was observed in 66.7% (26/39) of the fetuses and decreased heart rate occurred in 35.9%(14/39). The site, number and pathological grade of UCU were not related to the pregnancy outcomes (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Prenatal ultrasound for detecting abnormalities in umbilical cord and amniotic cavity is of a certain value in the diagnosis of UCU. Lamellar and linear echoes around the umbilical cord may be the ultrasonographic characteristics of UCU. The real-time detection of UCU bleeding by prenatal ultrasound can provide direct evidence for timely clinical treatment.

Objective To explore factors affecting long-term compliance to weight management (WM) of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF)and to provide evidence for improving patients' compliance.Methods In-depth semi-structured interviews based on reinforcement theory were conducted among 18 CHF patients who received WM intervention over 6 months.The data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis program.Results Three themes were found:precipitating factors such as the correct perception of disease and self-efficacy,the factors of positive reinforcement such as early gains from WM,readmission,follow-up,family and social support,as well as the factors of negative reinforcement such as gaining nothing during long period,physical and mental disorders.These above factors made long-term compliance to WM of 50％ of the participants dynamic and fluctuant.Conclusions Medical staff should identify patients'compliance at different stages in time during follow-up,analyze the factors that affect their compliance,and then grasp the optimal timing of intervention to perform targeted,multiform and multiple health education to improve compliance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanism of prostaglandins E2 ( PGE2 ) in promoting bone formation by detecting the changes of gene expression profiles of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts treated with PGE2. MethodsThe genes with differential expression in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts treated with 10 μmol/L PGE2 for 30 minutes were performed by gene chip technology. Several major genes during bone regeneration were selected for Western blot analysis. ResultsAfter co-culture of MC3T3-E1 cells with PGE2 at concentration of 10 μmol/L for 30 min, 276 genes were up-regulated, including bone regeneration related MMD (monocyte to macrophage differentiation associated), NR4A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2), BMP-7 ( bone morphogenetic protein-7), POSTN ( periostin, osteoblast specific factor) and catenin (cadherin-associated protein) genes; and 168 genes were down-regulated,including bone regeneration related Idl ,2,3 ( inhibitor of DNA binding 1,2,3 ) genes. Western blot analysis indicated that the expressions of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 and BMP-7 protein in the osteoblasts treated with 10 μmol/l PGE2 were apparently higher ( P ＜ 0. Ol ) than that of the controls, whereas the ld2 expression decreased (P ＜0. O1 ) under the same conditions, which was almost the same as the results of gene chip technology. ConclusionsWith the results of gene chip and Western blot, it can be speculated that the PGE 2 firstly activates the nuclear receptor NR4A2 and then the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, induces the changes of the downstream gene BMP-7 and Id2 expression and finally results in the differentiation of the osteoblasts and promote the bone regeneration.

To construct retroviral vector carrying human interleukin-3 c0mplementary DNA(HuIL-3 cDNA) under control of human a-fetoprotein gene enhancer core sequence and human SV4O pro-moter. Methods and Results: HuIL-3 cDNA was inserted into polylinker site of retroviral vector pMNSMto construct retr0viral vector pMNS-IL-3, in which the transcription of HuIL-3 cDNA was drived by SV40early region promoter. Human Q-fetoprotein gene enhancer core sequence was released from plasmidpGEM. 7Zf-AFPe and inserted into the polylinker site of pMNSM. Then human interleukin-3 cDNA wasinserted int0 p0lylinker site to construct retroviral vector pMNSA-IL-3, in which HuIL-3 cDNA transcrip-tion was drived by SV40 early region promoter and enhanced by human a-fetoprotein enhancer core se-quence- Conclusion: The vectors are of significance for hepatoma-specific gene therapy.

11.1 mmol/L were treated by 2 weeks CSII.An intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGTT) was performed before and after CSII.The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 hours postprandial glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),first-phase secretion of insulin,the mean area under the curve(AUC) of insulin,insulin sensitivity index(ISI),insulin resistance index(Homa IR) and insulin secretion index(Homa ?) were compared.Results The excellent control of FPG and 2hPG in 20 out of 21 patients were achieved stably in 2.8?1.6 days and 7.8?1.9 days by CSII.After the treatment,FPG,2h PG and HbA1c were significantly decreased(P

OBJECTIVETo establish an experimental model for exploring the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the development of cholangiocarcinoma.

METHODSRecombinant plasmids of HCV-C gene were constructed by molecular cloning techniques and identified by PCR and restriction enzyme mapping.The plasmids were then transfected into QBC939 cells (a cholangiocarcinoma cell line) by Lipofection. After selection with G418, resistant colonies were obtained and analyzed by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. The morphology was observed by trans mission electron microscopy (TEM). The expression of NF-(k)B was detected by immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSRecombinant plasmid was shown by PCR and restriction enzyme mapping to carry the target gene. Moreover, it could efficiently express HCV-C protein in QBC939 cells. HCV-like particles were found in the cytoplasm by TEM, which were spherical with a diameter of 50-80 nm and possessed an outer membrane. Moreover, NF-(k)B activation could be shown in HCV core-transfected cells.

CONCLUSIONExpression of the HCV-C gene in cholangiocarcinoma cells was achieved. Transfected tumor cells (QBC939-HCVc) could be used as a model to study the effect of HCV on the development of cholangiocarcinoma.

Bile Duct Neoplasms ; chemistry ; etiology ; virology ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; chemistry ; etiology ; virology ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Viral Core Proteins ; genetics ; physiology