Objective To explore the treatment effect and prognosis of BiPAP non-invasive ventilator of sequential mechanical ventilation for the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) complicated with pulmonary encephalopathy,and to provide the basis for clinical therapy.Methods According to the digital table,62 AECOPD patients with pulmonary encephalopathy were selected and randomly divided into the two groups.And 30 cases in the control group received routine treatment,and 32 cases in the observation group received BiPAP non-invasive ventilator sequential ventilation.The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) before and after treatment,the changes of heart rate,respiratory rate and average arterial pressure of the two groups and the improvement time were observed.Results PaO2 and SaO2 of the two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment (t =12.30,10.37,11.42,13.71,all P ＜0.05).PaO2 and SaO2 of the observation group after treatment were (77.14 ±4.16)mmHg and (90.37 ± 2.04) ％,which were higher than the control group after the treatment (72.96 ± 3.22) mmHg and (85.80 ± 1.96) ％(t =6.58,7.14,all P ＜ 0.05).PaCO2 of the two groups after treatment was lower than that before treatment (t =9.25,10.22,all P ＜ 0.05).PaCO2 of the observation group after treatment was (50.12 ± 2.86) mmHg,which was lower than that before treatment (54.27 ± 3.01) mmHg (t =6.29,P ＜ 0.05).The heart rate,respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure of the control group and the observation group after treatment were lower than before treatment (t =10.11,9.43,8.66,11.28,8.56,9.15,all P ＜0.05).The heart rate,respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure of the observation group after treatment were (76.52 ± 4.35) times/min,(20.35 ± 1.08) times/min and (83.26 ±3.07)mmHg,which were lower than those of the control group after treatment (t =6.44,5.82,6.70,all P ＜ 0.05).The blood gas improvement time,ventilation time and hospitalization time of the observation group were (4.06 ±1.17)d,(4.53 ±0.90) d and (16.18 ±2.20) d,which were lower than the control group (t =6.13,7.05,5.97,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The BiPAP non-invasive ventilator sequential ventilation for the treatment of AECOPD with pulmonary encephalopathy has good treatment effect,which can improve the difficult ventilation of patients,avoid hypoxia and CO2 retention,shorten treatment time.

[Objective]To compare the biomechanical effect of minimally invasive injectable graf X_3(MIIGX_3) on strengthening pedicle screw fixation with that of bone cement.[Method]Eight fresh pig lumbar vertebrae were harvested.One track was made in each vertebral pedicle.Before pedicle screw fixation,one track of one side bertebra was augmented with MIIGX3,and another side vertebra with bone cement.Pullout test was performed 24 hours after the fixation,and maximum axial pullout strength was measured.[Result]The maximum axial pullout strength is 1915 N?375 N in MIIGX3 group,and 3625 N?775 N in bone cement group.There was significant difference between two groups(P

Objective To study expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1? (HIF 1?) in the lungs of hypoxic rats and to explore the role of HIF 1? in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension Methods Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and hypoxia group The models of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension were established by exposure to hypoxia for 4 weeks according to our laboratory protocol Digoxin labelled cRNA probe for HIF 1? was prepared by in vitro transcription Northern blot was performed by using the HIF 1? cRNA probe and In situ hybridization was also conducted with rat lung tissue sections Results Northern blot hybridization showed minimally positive in the lung tissue of control group ,but strongly positive in hypoxia group In situ hybridization analysis with hypoxic rat lung tissue revealed that HIF 1? mRNA was expressed in bronchial epithelial cells (strongly positive reaction) and peribronchial proliferative lymphomatic tissue (weakly positive reaction),casually in alveolar wall cells (weakly positive reaction),but not in pulmonary arterial endothelium and smooth muscle cells Conclusions Our data suggested that chronic hypoxia could induce pulmonary hypertension characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling HIF 1? mRNA expression was elevated in the lungs of rat under hypoxic condition HIF 1 may be involved in the pathophysiological changes in response to hypoxia and play an important role in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension

BACKGROUND:The self-renew and regeneration capacity of the injured spinal cord is thought to be limited. Accordingly, cel transplantation is one potential strategy for promoting functional recovery after spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects ofPTEN silencing on the biological properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, hoping to offer better seed cels for tissue engineering. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were transfected with specific siRNA-silencedPTEN gene using the liposome method, and then RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression ofPTEN. Variation of biological properties ofPTEN-transfected cels were detected by the way of MTT assay, cel cycle analysis, and Transwel assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:PTEN is expressed highly in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels, which is successfuly interfered by siRNA.PTEN-silenced cels have stronger survival, proliferation and migration abilities, which become a kind of better seed cels for tissue engineering.

Objective:To review and compare the clinical features and treatment outcomes of oral and maxillofacial space infection (OMSI)between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Methods:Clinical data of 43 diabetic patients with OMSI(simultaneoustly treated by blood sugar control)and 84 of non-diabetic patients with OMSI were reviewed,the clinical features and treatment outcomes were compared.Statistical analyses were conducted by T test,the chi square test and variance analysis.Results:Diabetic patients with OM-SI were older(P =0.000),had more spaces involved concurrently(P =0.035 )and had higher blood sugar at presentation(P =0.000).There was no significant difference between groups about the use and change of antibiotics,the incision times,hospital stay durition and the incidence of the complications.Conclusion:The prognosis of the diabetic patients with OMSI under the strict control of the blood glucose concentration has no significant difference from the non-diabetic patients with OMSI.Diabetic patients with OMSI have older age and more spaces involved,and special attention should be paid.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of transesophageal echocardiography used in extracorporeal circulationcardiac valve replacement. Methods 89 patients received extracorporeal circulation cardiac valve replacement in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were included in the study. Transesophageal echocardiography were performed preoperatively, intraoperation and postoperatively and the findings were compared to the result of preoperation transthoracic echocardiography exam. The measurement of aortic annulus diameter and detection rates of calcification obtained by transthoracic and transesophaged echocardiography were compared. Changes in heart function parameters before and after operation were compared. The alternations in surgery plan made after pre-operative transesophageal echocardiography exam and any relevant treatment or procedure performed according to intra-operation transesophageal echo findings were recorded. All the patients were followed up for 6 months - 40 months. Results Before extracorporeal circulation cardiac valve replacement, the aortic annulus diameter measured and detection rates of calcification by transthoracic echocardiography were smaller and lower than actual surgical pathology results ( P < 0. 05 ) . No differences in the results from transesophageal echocardiography of two-dimensional and three-dimensional examination when compared to pathological findings ( P > 0. 05 ) . Conclusions For patients receiving extracorporeal circulation cardiac valve replacement, transesophagus echocardiography examination is helpful to guide the selection of valve stent and operation methods.

BACKGROUND:The correlation of zinc with Stro-1+cells and bone morphogenetic protein 7 surrounding the prosthesis may affect the bone fusion and survival rate in hip prosthesis. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of zinc content with Stro-1+cells and bone morphogenetic protein 7 in proximal femur. ＜br> METHODS:Bone samples were obtained from the discarded metaphysis region of the proximal femur in 24 patients with primary total hip replacement. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro. At 14 days after culture, Stro-1+cells in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected using flow cytometry. Bone morphogenetic protein 7 expression in cellsupernatant was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Zinc content in supernatant was measured using radio-immunity assay. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant difference in the zinc content was detected in different age groups and different gender groups. Zinc content was positively associated with Stro-1+cells and bone morphogenetic protein 7 expression. The further study of the trace element zinc in proximal femur can predict and intervene the longevity of hip prosthesis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane on hippocampal calcium/calmodulindependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMK Ⅱ)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in aged rats.Methods Sixty pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 18 months,weighing 600-750 g,were divided into 2 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and sevoflurane group (group Sev).Group Sev inhaled 2％ sevoflurane in the mixture of 50％ air and oxygen (2 L/min) for 4 h.Group C inhaled the mixture of 50％ air and oxygen (2 L/min) for 4 h.Morris water maze test was performed on 6 days before anesthesia and 1 day after anesthesia.The escape latency,swimming distance,frequency of crossing the original platform and time of staying at the platform quadrant Ⅱ were recorded.On 1,3 and 7 days after anesthesia,the rats were sacrificed,and the hippocampus was obtained for determination of the expression of CaMK Ⅱ,phosphorylated CaMK Ⅱ,CREB and phosphorylated CREB by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged,the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased,and the time of staying at the platform quadrant Ⅱ was reduced on 5th day of training and 1 day after anesthesia,and the expression of CaMK Ⅱ,phosphorylated CaMK Ⅱ,CREB and phosphorylated CREB was down-regulated after anesthesia in group Sev (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane leads to cognitive decline through inhibiting hippocampal CaMK Ⅱ/CREB signaling pathway in aged rats.

BACKGROUND:The prosthesis fusion rate after total hip replacement is closely related to the reconstruction process of bone,which is affected by the factors around the implant of patient.Trace elements are strongly associated with the ossification.Thus,the content of trace elements in proximal femur may affect the bone fusion and survival rate of the prosthesis.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of trace elements and bone fusion surrounding the prosthesis in proximal femur.METHODS: Bone samples were obtained from the discarded metaphysis region of the proximal femur in 24 patients with primary total hip replacement.Trace element (calcium,magnesium,zinc,parathyroid hormone,activated vitamin D3) contents were detected aftervitro cel culture.Bone mineral density was tested surrounding the prosthesis at 1 week,3 and 6 months after replacement by dual energy X-ray absorption method with a bone density meter.The difference in trace elements was compared in patients at different ages and different genders.The correlation between above five kinds of trace elements and bone mineral density was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant difference in trace element contents was detected in different age groups and different gender groups (P＞ 0.05).Zinc content was positively correlated with parathyroid hormone and magnesium contents (P＜ 0.05).Zinc was positively associated with bone mineral density in the region 7 (P＜ 0.05).The further studies concerning the trace elements in proximal femur can be used to predict and intervene in the longevity of hip prosthesis.

This study was aimed to optimize Qinshuang particle best spray granulation process conditions. The or-thogonal test method was used with grain yield and baicalin transfer rate as the inspection indexes. The main in-fluence factors of Qinshuang particle spray granulation process were investigated. The results showed that the best technological parameters are atomization pressure of 1 800 Pa, inlet temperature at 90°C - 100°C, outlet temper-ature at 50 ° C - 60 ° C , and the extract relative density of 1 . 10 ( 60 ° C ) . It was concluded that the reasonable pro-cess conditions make particles with stable quality, which provide the experimental basis for industrial production.