Objective To investigate the quantitative relationship between the changes of the parameters of Three-Electrode System and the Current following through WE (Farad current and Nonfarad current ). Methods We built a model based on the driving voltage-current system,which could describe the parameters of system and present the influence of current by changing parameters. Results The results of studying two simulational models accord with experiments of electrical chemistry. Conclusion This study provides an estimated value and influence of the electrochemistry noises,which is significant for data accuracy and anti-jamming of electrochemistry products.

Objective To observe the change of protein levels of large conductance calcium activated potassium channel (BK‐Ca) in placental arteriole smooth muscle cells from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and discuss its role .Methods Western blot analysis was used to examine protein expression of α subunit andβ1 subunit of BKCa channels in placental arteriole smooth muscle cells from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy .Results The relative protein expression level of α‐subunit in the HDCP group was 1 .001 2 ± 0 .169 8(n=15) ,and the NT group was 1 .028 2 ± 0 .180 6 (n=15) .There was no significant differences between the two groups (P> 0 .05);the relative protein expression level of β1 subunit in the HDCP group was 0 .418 1 ± 0 .080 8 (n=15) ,and the NT group was 1 .616 8 ± 0 .012 6 (n=15) ,theβ1‐subunit protein expression levels of HDCP group were significantly lower (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The protein expression ofβ1‐subunit ,but notα‐subunit ,was reduced in pla‐cental arteriole smooth muscle cells from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy .Therefore ,BKCa channel activity may have been involved in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy ;and the abnormal expression ofβ1 subunit maybe an important basis in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy .

0.05)indicating no significant loss of correction.The length of the growth of instrumented spine was 13.3 mm.No sever complications in the series. Conclusion The PRSS which dispenses without bony fusion is a safe and an effective instrumen for management of juvenile scoliosis.It provides and maintains desirable scoliosis correction in one stage procedure,while allowing spinal growth.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of norepinephrine on oxygen metabolism and postoperative outcomes in the elderly patients undergoing fluid-restored abdominal surgery.MethodsAfter hospital ethics committee approval,and written informed consent was obtained from all patients,40 elderly patients,aged ＞ 64 yr,with a body mass index of 18-24 kg/m2,undergoing elective colorectal surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):routine fluid administration group (group A) and restricted fluid administration group (group B).In group A,lactated Ringer's solution was given routinely.Lactated Ringer's solution was given at a rate of 5 ml· kg- 1 · h- 1 and small dose of norepinephrine was infused intravenously at 0.01-0.03 μg· kg- 1 · h - 1 simultaneously during the surgery,and MAP was maintained ≥65 mm Hg in group B.Intraoperative blood loss was replaced with the equal volume of 6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4.Before the surgery ( baseline),1 and 2 h after beginning of the surgery,and while leaving postanesthesia care unit,mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),cardiac index (CI) and central venous pressure (CVP) were recorded,and arterial and central venous blood samples were drawn for blood gas analysis.Oxygen delivery index (DO2 I ),oxygen consumption index (YO2I) and oxygen extraction ratio (ERO2) were calculated.The gastric mucosal pH was determined before the surgery and 1 h after beginning of the surgery.Blood samples were taken form the peripheral vein to determine the concentration of Hb,serum albumin,blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations before the surgery and 1 day after the surgery.The extubation time,duration of stay in hospital,the time when the patients passed the flatus,pulmonary complications,gastrointestinal complications,and wound infections were recorded.ResultsCompared with group A,CI,Hb,ScvO2 and DO2I were significantly increased,CVP and ERO2 were decreased during the surgery,the concentrations of Hb and serum albumin were significantly increased,1 day after the surgery,and the incidence of pulmonary complications and wound infections was significantly decreased after the surgery in group B (P ＜ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in gastric muscosal pH,the indexes of renal function,extubatiotn time,the time when the patients passed the flatus,duration of stay in hospital and the incidence of gastrointestinal complications between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionWhen small dose of norepinephrine is used to treat perioperative hypotension induced by fluid restriction,it can increase oxygen delivery,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,and has no adverse effects on gastrointestinal microcirculation and oxygen consumption in the elderly patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

Objective To analyze the immunophenotyping characteristics of myeloid leukemia in transgenic mouse.Methods According to differential antigen expression profile on various hematopoietic lineages,flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow sample was performed on 5 myeloid leukemia mice and 10 healthy BL6 mice.Cell cycle analysis was further performed to assess cell proliferation.Results Expressions of Mac-1+ Gr-1+ and c-Kit+ in bone marrow cells in transgenic leukemia mice were(72.6±6.5)% and (20.5±4.8)%,and it were significantly higher than those in normal mice[(52.8±4.8)% and(2.1±0.3)%](t=6.66,12.66,P＜0.01).And expressions of B220+,CD3+,CD41+ and Ter119+ in leukemia mice were(2.7±1.1)%,(1.2±0.3)%,(1.2±0.6)% and(2.8±1.1)%,respectively.It were significantly lower than those in normal mice[(20.2±2.1)%.(6.6±1.3)%,(4.7±1.1)% and(10.6±1.2)%](t=-17.63,-8.69,-6.30,-12.28,P＜0.01).The percentages of S phase and G2/M phase in leukemia mice were(25.7±4.2)% and(21.1±4.2)%,respectively.It were significantly increased as compared with normal mice[(11.8±2.1)% and(8.9±1.8)%](t=8.59,7.98,P＜0.01).Conclusions Immunophenotyping of myeloid leukemia in transgenic mouse was characterized by hish expression of myeloid specific marker(Mac-1 and Gr-1)and hematopoietic stem/progenitors cells specific marker(c-Kit),and by low expression of B-lymphoid specific marker(B220),T-lymphoid(CD3),megakaryocyte(CD41)and Erythroid(Ter119).

Objective To investigate MRI features of malignant meningioma,in order to improve diagnostic rate of the disease preoperatively.Methods 18 cases with intact MRI materials proved operatively and pathologically were collected.Results Most tumors showed heterogeneous and low signal intensity on T 1WI,(16/18 cases),and heterogeneous and high signal intensity on T 2WI,(14/18cases). 15 of 18 cases showed significant but inhomogeneous contrast enhancement.The tumors were irregular or lobulated in contour with all or part of the border ill-defined. Conclusion Malignant meningiomas do have characteristic MRI features besides in common with benign ones.

[Objective]To explore improved operation treatment of fractures of olecranon and internal or external malleolus by fixing them internally with needle wire amend tension band.[Method]A total of 89 cases of olecranon fracture and 63 cases of internal and external malleolus fracture were treated by the amended traditional tension belt using needle wire nails.[Result]Sixty-eight and 55 of these cases(80.9%) had been followed-up respectively for 2.5 years in average,the longest follow-up period was 5 years and the shortest was 6 months.It shows through evaluation with Wolfgang post curative standard that 65 and 53 cases were excellent in curative effect(95.9%),3 and 2 cases had moderate result(4.1%),and there was no worse case.The average fracture cure time was 1.5 months.[Conclusion]The improvement of traditional tension belt in olecranon and internal or external malleolus fracture operation by using needle wire nails has the following advantages:(1)Simplifying operation procedures;(2)Reducing number of steel nails;(3)Keeping the biomechanical principle of the tension band and internal AO fixing advantage;(4)Reducing the phenomena of "tension loss" caused by expanded steel wire holes as a result of osteonecrosis,and avoiding internal loose complication.The disadvantage of this method is that the fixation has to be taken out through operation.

Eleven salt-losers (SL group) and eleven non-salt-losers (NSL group) of congenital a-drenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) were evaluated for sodium status under routine regimen of glucocorticoid (4 salt-losers with mineralocorticoid at the same time). Venous samples were collected for the measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (Aldo) , and a-drenocorticotropin (ACTH), and for serum cortisol (F), 17-OH progesterone (17-OHP), and testosterone (T). Urine samples were collected for 17-ketosteroid (17-KS). 10 age-matched normal children were chosen as control. The results showed that concentration of PRA, Aldo, 17-OHP, and T, were higher in both groups than in normal subjects (P

Objective Renal vascular injury,especially thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA),is an important prognostic factors in pat.ients with lupus nephritis.TMA is most likely to be associated with proliferative lupus nephritis.This single-center retrospective study was conducted in order to explore the characteristics and prognosis of patients with TMA associated with proliferative lupus nephritis.Methods From January 2013 to June 2016,146 hospitalized patients with lupus nephritis underwent renal biopsy in the Department of Rheumatology,South Campus,Ren Ji Hospital,of which 108 were proliferative nephritis including 32 with TMA and 76 without TMA.All the clinical records were collected.All data were analyzed by Graphpad 5.0 or SPSS 22.0 statistical software analysis.Nonparametric test,t test and Fisher test were used for comparison between the two groups.Predictors were analyzed by multiple factors regression analysis,survival curve was analyzed by Kaplan-Meire method.Results Patients with TMA were found to have higher levels of creatinine (Cr) [93.5 (69.0,179.8) μmol/L vs 73.0 (56.3,116.3) μmol/L,U=833,P=0.010 1],B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) [177(93.2,619) pg/ml vs 87.5(28.5,255) pg/ml,U=765,P=0.004 6],24-hour urinary protein [4.98 (1.99,7.62) g vs 2.83 (1.71,4.38) g,U=875,P=0.022] and highersystemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) [16(13.25,18) vs 12(10.25,14),U=559,P＜0.000 1],as well as lower complement [C3:(0.37±0.15) g/L vs (0.52±0.20) g/L,t=3.713,P=0.000 3;C4:0.056 (0.035,0.140) g/L vs 0.088(0.053,0.167) g/L,U=912,P=0.047 9],albumin (Alb) [(24±6) g/L vs (28±6) g/L,t=3.416,P=0.000 9] and hemoglobin (Hb) [(88±19) g/L vs (99±21) g/L,t=2.627,P=0.015 7].They were more prone to hypertension [(24/32,75％) vs (35/76,46％),x2=7.613,P=0.006 4],had less glomerular sclerosis [0(0,0.038)％ vs 7(0,17)％,U=848,P=0.007 7] and higher acute score [16(14.25,19.75) vs 13(10,15),U=612,P＜0.000 1];while these patients received higher doses of corticosteroid therapy,and more patients were treated with cyclophosphamide for induction therapy.Multivariate regression analysis showed that Cr (OR =1.008,P=0.033) and SLEDAI (OR =1.272,P=0.003) scores might be predictors of TMA in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis.During follow up,6 and 2 patientsin two groups progressed to end-stage renal disease (ESRD),respectively (P=0.010 4).Univariate analysisfound that patients progressed to ESRD were more likely to have TMA[(6/8,75％) vs (23/85,27％),x2=7.831,P=0.010 4],and had more crescents[54.5(12,83.5)％ vs 20(6,41)％,U=183,P=0.032].Higher activity indices (AI) [(20±6) vs (14±4),t=3.489,P=0.000 7],Cr [286(214.5,395) μmol/L vs 76(59,115.5) μmol/L,U=19,P＜0.000 1] and BNP [456(192.3,1 060) vs 110(45.38,275.5),U=116.5,P=0.002 4],as well as lower Hb [(71±12) vs (97±19),t=3.776,P=0.000 3] and platelets (PLT) [(130±71)×109/L vs (196±76)×109/L,t=2.399,P=0.018 5] were observed in these patients.Conclusion This study has shown that patients with proliferative lupus nephritis with renal TMA have a higher level of Cr and more active disease state,requiring more aggressive immunosuppressive therapy and more likely to progress to ESRD.So renal TMA may be one of the risk factors of renal survival in these patients.

Objective: To establish a method for determining the contents of hesperidin and arctiin in the root of Arctium lappa L.from different habitats.Methods: The chromatographic separation was performed on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A)-0.1% formic acid (B) with gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.3 ml·min-1.The detection wavelength was 280 nm, and the temperature of column was 25℃.Results: The linear range of hesperidin and arctiin was 4.950-29.700 μg·ml-1 and 6.250-37.500 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9), respectively.The average recovery of hesperidin and arctiin was 99.0% and 98.5%, respectively.Conclusion: The developed method is sensitive, rapid and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of the root,of Arctium lappa L.