Objective To elevate the efficacy and complications of partial splenic embolization(PSE) using the alginate microglobe(AMG) as embolic material for hypersplenism in cirrhosis.Methods 42 patients with hypersplenism and cirrhosis were treated by PSE,AMG of 250～450 ?m were injected into the arteries of inferior splenic pole,the embolization degree was ranging from 40% to 70%.Results 42 times of embolization were performed in 42 patients,after operation, 35 patients had fever and lasted for 3~15 d,38 patients had abdominal pain,of them, 27 patients needed treatment with analgesic.Treatable a little hydrothorax appeared in 6 ,and no serious complication occurred.WBC and PLT counts were increased 24 hour later(P

Recent studies suggest that astrocyte elevated gene 1 ( AEG-1 ) is almost highly expressed in all types of malignant solid tumors and correlates with poor prognosis,which becomes a prognostic marker for many kinds of tumors.As a strongly basic protein,AEG-1 possesses a transmembrane domain and multiplenuclear localization signals.It is present in the cell membrane,cytoplasm and nucleus.As an oncogene,AEG-1 palys an important role in a virety of malignant biological behaviors of cancer,which range from cell proliferation,apoptosis,migration,adhesion,invasion to tumor angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance.Its critical role in tumor genesis and progression has made it a potential therapeutic target.

Skin toxicities are the most common adverse effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors(EGFRI).It can result in significant physical and psyehological discomfort,and even leads to interruption or dose modification,and consequently affect the curative effect. Nowadays this adverse effect has attracted lot of attention.It is proposed that clinical management and treatment measures for skin toxicities should be further studied to improve the patients life quality,and guarantee the continuity and best curative effect of the treatment.But more researches on the pathogenesis and its prognostic significance are still expected.

Triple-negative breast cancer ( TNBC ) is a subtype of breast cancer,and it is characterized by an aggressive clinical course with a poor prognosis.Treatment for TNBC has attracted much attention in recent years,however,there is no standard treatment for TNBC in clinical setting.The pCR rates of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC ranges from 12％ to 48％ in the current published data,and it is higher than that in other types of breast cancer,however,the fluctuating range of the TNBC ’s pCR is large in literature.Although the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy for early TNBC is controversial,the regimen without anthracyclines is reported to be suitable for early TNBC patients.Standard cytotoxic agents including taxanes and anthracyclines are still the main choices for TNBC salvage treatment,and the combination with gemcitabine or capecitabine may improve the overall survival.Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a new molecular target for TNBC in ongoing studies.Further research on the target-inhibitors such as BSI-201and Olaparib will provide more effective choices to clinical treatment.

Cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cells are characterized by rapid proliferation, high and broad anti-tumor activities and mild toxicities. Some clinical trials demonstrate that the infusion of a large amount of CIK cells enhances the auto-immune of function in patient, which might help to clean up the remaining tumor cells and minor metastatic tumors and delay the recurrence of tumor with improved curative effects.

In recent years,tumor immunotherapy has attracted more attention because of its remarkable curative effect in patients with advanced cancer,but often accompanied by immune related adverse events.Understanding the immune related adverse reaction rate,possible mechanism and adverse reaction evaluation criteria and treatment principle of the immune checkpoint inhibitors such as Ipilimumab,Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab,has important significance for the treatment of malignant tumor.

Objective To evaluate RR,DCR,PFS,OS and toxicities in a population affected by NSCLC using gefitinib as maintenance therapy after the first line chemotherapy.Methods From January,2006 to January,2008,seventy-one patients were enrolled with stable disease or partial response after firstline chemotherapy.They were divided into the observing group and the control group.Gefitinib was administered at the dose of 250 mg in observing group;placebo was also administered everyday in control group.Results Of 71 assessable patients ,overall response rate was 36.1% (13/36) in observing group and 14.3 % (5/35) in control group respectively (x 2 = 4.633,P = 0.036),and one patient (2.8 %) was observed complete response (CR) in observing group.The disease control rate was 83.3 % (30/36) in observing group and 42.9 % (15/35) in control group,respectively,(x2 = 14.782,P ＜ 0.001).The median PFS (progression free survival time) was 13 weeks in observing group and 11 weeks in control group respectively (x2 = 10.401,P =0.001).The median overall survival time (OS) was 13.2 months in observing group and 10.4 months in control group respectively (x2 = 7.696,P= 0.006).The median OS was 18.5 months in women and 11.2 months in men(x2 =22.864,P=0.011) .The median OS was 15.3 months in non-smokers and 10.3 months in smokers (x2 =10.389,P =0.007).The median OS was 16.0 months in adenocarcinoma and alveolar cell carcinoma patients and 10.2 months in squamous cell carcinoma patients (x 2 = 4.638,P = 0.001).The most common toxicity was rash ,diarrhea,fatigue and dry skin itching,and most of them were 1 or 2 grade.Conclusion Maintenance therapy with gefitinib after first-line chemotherapy may improve overall survival time and progression free survival time in patients with NSCLC,and it is effective and safe.

Objective To evaluate the effect of surgical treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) through a straight incision and keyhole minimally invasive craniotomy. Methods According to the location of the hematoma revealed by preoperative CT scans, a straight skin incision was made 4～5 cm in length, and then a keyhole craniotomy 2 cm in diameter was performed. The underlying cortex was incised the hematoma was exposed and removed under microscope. Results The hematomas were thoroughly cleared in 17 cases. The clearance rate was 90% in 18 cases and 80% in 4 cases. Re-hemorrhage occurred in 2 cases after operation. A total of 35 cases was followed for 0.5～3 years (mean, 2.1 years). The quality of life was assessed by activity of daily living (ADL) classification, which revealed 9 cases of grade 1, 12 cases of grade 2, 9 cases of grade 3, 4 cases of grade 4, and 1 case of grade 5 at the 6th postoperative month. The mortality of this series was 10.3% (4/39). Conclusions Straight incision keyhole minimally invasive craniotomy is a rapid, effective, and safe technique for the removal of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. The method herein provides an effective decompression of hematoma, with low recurrence rate and good prognosis compared with conventional surgery.

Objective To provide basis for treatment and prognosis judgement in order to further normalize diagnosis on non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods The diagnostic results of 146 cases with non-small-cell lung cancer were collected and analyzed.The patients received treatment in our department from Feb.2002 to Aug.2005.Results There were 123 cases of complete pathologic diagnosis,accounting for 84.2% of the total results;among other things there were 42 cases(28.8%)that obtained pathologic diagnosis through operation.There were respectively 31 cases(21.2%),18 cases(12.3%),15 cases(10.3%)and 11 cases(7.5%)that obtained diagnosis through phlegmy cytological examination,lymph node needle biopsy,hydrothorax cytology and bronchoscope among 104 cases without operation.There were 23 cases accounting for 15.7% through clinical diagnosis(on the basis of clinical physical sign and video examination without definite pathologic diagnosis).Conclusion To form a definite pathological diagnosis on tumors before treatment makes treatment be exact and helps to judge tumor development and prognosis.

Objective To ascertain clinical experience and toxic reactions of treating NSCLC by Gefitinib(Iressa).Methods Clinical data of 51 NSCLC cases were collected and analyzed who were treated with Iressa from Mar.2004 to Mar.2006.Evaluations were made about curative effects,quality of life,mean survival time,time to progression and toxic reactions.Results Fifty-one patients were all followed up.Total mitigative rate of the focus was 29.4%,total control rate was 66.7%,and alleviative rate of clinical symptoms was 62.7%.The difference of KPS grades in 4 weeks was significant.Mean survival time of all the patients was 8.2 months.Time to progression was 6.1 months.Ⅲ~Ⅳ grades of toxic reaction were not found.Conclusion Gefitinib may obviously improve the clinical symptom and QOL of the NSCLC patients,and it has good tolerance to treat NSCLC.It is a kind of molecule-target medicine suited with Chinese.