Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has been increasingly recognized as a cause for significant morbidity and mortality in many diseases.Great advances have been made in many researches that are dedicated to the treatment of ACS.However,in the field of orthopedics,it has still not aroused enough attention from the orthopaedic surgeons,as the occurrence and development of ACS are occult following pelvic fracture trauma.This review introduces the relevant data and researches about ACS resulting from pelvic fractures.

Background and purpose: Chemokines play an important role in cancer occurrence and development. However, little about the function of CCL26 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is reported. This study was designed to observe and study the expression of chemokine CCL26 in ESCC tissues and to analyze their association with pathological features of ESCC. Methods: Expressions of chemokine CCL26 in 197 ESCC tissues and their corresponding paraneoplastic normal esophageal tissues were determined by tissue array and immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique, and its correlations to age, gender, lymph nodes metastasis, TNM stage, general classification and 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients were further analyzed. Results: ①CCL26 was expressed in both ESCC and paraneoplastic normal esophageal tissues. The expression of CCL26 in ESCC tissues was signiifcantly higher than that in paraneoplastic normal esophageal tissues (61.8%vs 20.6%, P<0.05).②The expression of CCL26 was correlated with lymph node metastasis, but not correlated with age, gender, tumor cell differentiation, and general classiifcation (P>0.05).③Survival analysis showed that the abnormal expression of CCL26 was associated with 5-year survival rate of patients with ESCC. The 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients with CCL26 positive expression was obviously lower than that of ESCC patients with CCL26 negative expression. Conclusion: CCL26 upexpression might play an important role in the progression and development of ESCC patients. The high level of CCL26 expression is correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. Detection of CCL26 expression may have important prognostic values in ESCC patients.

Objective: To observate the clinical effect of Saffron Multi-glycoside Tablets for cardiac angina belonging to heart blood stasis type. Methods: Saffron Multi-glycoside Tablets were administered orally three times daily, four tablets each time. Results: Not only the degree of heart impediment and chest pain but also attack times and persistent pain changed for the better obviously. The effective rate is 96.67% and the effective rate of ECG is 93.33%, the amelioration rate of Chinese medical symptom is 96.67%. The control group is 72.22%, 66.67% and 69.44%, respectively. There is significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: There is notable effect to take Saffron Multi-glycoside Tablets for cardiac angina belonging to heart blood stasis type.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of Shexiang zhenggu tincture combined with Huoxue zhitong pow-der in the treatment of acute traumatic swelling and pain. METHODS:Totally 160 patients with acute traumatic swelling and pain were randomly divided into group A and group B. Patients in group A were given Shexiangzhenggu tincture for external use,3 times a day;patients in group B were orally added one bag of Huoxue zhitong powder,3 times a day,based on the treatment of control group. 7 d was course and it lasted 2 courses. The clinical efficacy,the scores of visual analogue pain score (VAS) and swelling remission before and after 7 and 14 d treatment and the incidence of ADR were observed. RESULTS:After 7 d treatment, the total effective rate in group A was significantly higher than group B,with significant difference(P<0.05);after 14 d treat-ment,there was no significant difference in the total effective rate between 2 groups (P>0.05). After 7 and 14 d,the scores of VAS and swelling remission were significantly lower than before;14 d treatment was lower than 7 d treatment,and group B was significantly lower than group A after 7 d treatment,with significant differences (P<0.05);there were no significant differences among the scores of VAS and swelling remission in 2 groups after 14 d treatment (P>0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Shexiang zhenggu tincture combined with Huoxue zhitong powder has better efficacy, can relieve the pain and swelling faster,with similar safety.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and long-term results of elective coronary stenting in octogenarians with coronary artery disease. Methods From Jan 2000 to Dec 2003, 84 octogenarians with coronary artery disease documented agiographically were divided into stent group (n=45) and medicine group (n=39). The clinical characteristics, in-hospital and long-term results were analyzed between the two groups. Results There were no difference between the two groups at the respect of basic clinical characteristics but the percentage of AMI was higher in the stent group (40.0% vs 17.9%, P

Objective To evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at the Baihui (DU 20) and Dazhui (Bill) points on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) around the area of cerebral infarction and evaluate the relation between learning and memory ability and BDNF. Methods Forty-eight male adult Wistar rats were divided randomly and equally into EA and control groups. The EA group was sub-divided into 1 week, 2 weeks and 3weeks sub-groups. EA was started 24 h after establishing a model of ischemic brain injury and continued for one, two or three weeks. The control group was reared conventionally and was not given any treatment. Morris' water maze test was used to evaluate the rats' learning and memory ability. The expression of BDNF in the CA3 region of the hippo campus was detected using immunohistochemical techniques. Results Learning and memory in the EA groups were better than in the control group, and spatial probe ability was also significantly better. Positive expression of BDNF was detected in the hippocampal CA3 region of the EA group rats, and it was significantly greater than that in the control group. Conclusion Learning and memory after cerebral infarction can be affected by EA at the Baihui and Dazhui points. The effect might be related with increased BDNF expression in the hippocampal CA3 region.

Objective To investigate the classification of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) associated with hemodynamics correlative aneurysms and its efficiency treated by endovascular treatment.Methods The clinical data of 17 patients of AVM associated with hemodynamics correlative aneurysms undergoing endovascular treatment were analyzed retrospectively.Results Eleven cases of aneurysms with great divergence between the aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation were embolized,6 cases of aneurysms without a great divergence between the aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation,1 case of aneurysm was treated with stent,other 5 cases of aneurysms were not treated.Eleven cases of arteriovenous malformations were embolized completely,4 cases were embolized 71％-90％ and 2 cases were embolized 50％-70％.Six cases with residual were given radiotherapy.Follow-up 3 months to 3 years,there were no cases of cerebral hemorrhage or death.Unhandled 5 cases of aneurysm and 1 case of stent implantation with the follow-up by using digital subtraction angiography,laneurysm with a stent was closed.Three aneurysms were disappeared and 2 aneurysms were reduced significantly among the 5 cases of aneurysms without treatment.One case of aneurysm occlusion in patients with stent implantation.Conclusions Classification based on a great divergence artery or not between the aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation is more instructive for clinical treatmen of cerebral arteriovenous malformation associated with hemodynamics correlative aneurysm.If it has not a great divergence artery between aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation,arteriovenous malformation after a thorough treatment,aneurysms need not be treated.The endovascular treatment for cerebral arteriovenous malformation associated with hemodynamics correlative aneurysms has a good efficiency and can be treated as a priority.

BACKGROUND: Mitochondria are not only the important place for consuming oxygen and producing free radical, but also an aggressive target place by endogenous free radical. The changes of structure and function of mitochondria will be take place with aging. Portulaca (Portulaca oleracea L.) is usually called as the macrobiotic vegetable. Portulaca is eutrophic and anti-free radical. It is worth exploring whether the anti-aging action of Portulaca is correlated with its protection on myocardial mitochondria.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of the Portulaca water extract on the lipid peroxidation myocardial mitochondrial phospholipid and the activity of respiratory chain enzymes in aging model mice, and analyze the pathway of protective effect on myocardial mitochondria.DESIGN: A completely randomized design and controlled animal experiments.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University.MATERIALS: ①The animals were raised and the experiments were completed in the Experimental Animal Center of Jiamusi University from March 2003 to August 2004. The animals were killed, hearts were removed and mitochondria were harvested in the Department of Biochemistry; The indexes were determined in the Department of Biochemistry,experimental center and the College of Chemistry and Pharmacology. ② Thirty healthy adult Kunming mice (either male or female) were divided into 3 groups by random feeling ball method: young control group (n =8), aging model group (n =11) and Portulaca treated group (n =11). ③ Portulaca was offered by Jiamusi Institute of Chinese Herbs, and appraisement by the Department of Crude Drug of Jiamusi University. Portulacas were made into water extract (crud drug 1 kg/L). Standard cardiolipin was offered by Sigma Company (USA), kits for malonaldehyde (MDA) and the activity of Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (Ca2+-ATPase) were provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute.METHODS: ①The aging model mice were daily given subcutaneous injection of D-galactose on the nape back (100 mg/kg);Besides, mice in the Portulaca treated group were perfused with the Portulaca water extract (13 g/kg per day) for 30 days continuously, and those in the young control group were daily given subcutaneous injection of saline of the same volume for 30 days continuously. All the mice were killed on the next day after the last administration, and then hearts were quickly removed and reserved. ② Mitochondria were prepared according to the method provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute. The MDA content and the activities of Ca2+-ATPase were determined following the illustration of the kit. The relative amount of cardiolipin in phospholipid on the mitochondrial membrane was determined with the high-performance liquid chromatography. The activities of Complex Ⅰ and Complex Ⅱ +Ⅲ were measured by Wu's method. ③ The differences of measurement data were compared with the analysis of variance and t test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Composition of phospholipid on myocardial mitochondrial membrane of mice; MDA content, activities of Complex Ⅰ, Complex Ⅱ +Ⅲ and Ca2+-ATPase in mitochondria.RESULTS: All the 30 mice were involved in the final analysis of results. ① MDA contents in myocardial mitochondria: It was significantly higher in the aging model group [(8.827±0.873) μ mol/g] than in the young control group and Portulaca treated group [(5.194±0.674), (5.901±0.743) μmol/g, t =7.48, 7.22, P ＜ 0.01]. ② Relative amounts of cardiolipin and the activities of Ca2+-ATPase in myocardial mitochondria: Those were obviously lower in the aging model group [cardiolipin:(0.156±0.012) mg/g, (1.267±0.167) μkat/g] than in the young control group and Portulaca treated group [(0.190±0.022),(0.184±0.021) mg/g; Ca2+-ATPase: (1.870±0.254), (1.780±0.237) μ kat/g, t =3.23,5.61, P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. ③ Activities of Complex Ⅰ and Complex Ⅱ + Ⅲ in myocardial mitochondria: Those were significantly lower in the aging model group [(3.517±0.383), (20.217±2.200) μkat/g] than in the young control group and Protulaca treated group [Complex Ⅰ:(6.817±0.600), (6.067±0.750) μ kat/g; Complex Ⅱ + Ⅲ: (56.400±4.933), (51.800±4.217) μkat/g, t =5.74,9.86, P ＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION: The Portulaca water extract has the protective effect on myocardial mitochondria by inhibiting the lipid peroxidation in myocardial mitochondria and enhancing the activities of respiratory chain enzymes.

BACKGROUND: The death of aging cells is virtually apoptosis. To a certain extent, it can be interpreted as a series of results of gere activities.Therefore, the inhibition of oncogene's expression can lengthen the life span of cells and delay aging of brain tissues.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of abstragulus mongholicus bung (AMB) on apoptosis of nerve cells and the expression of relevant gene in aging mice brain.DESIGN: Completely randomized design and controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Jiamusi University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Animal Center and Biochemical Laboratory of Jiamusi University from December 2003 to May 2004. Totally 24 healthy Kunming mice were recruited in this study. There were 8 two-month-old mice (young group) and 16 twelve-month-old mice. All the 16 mice were randomized into abstragulus mongholicus bung group and old control group with 8 in each group.METHODS:① AMB group:Mice in AMB group received gastric gavage was provided by the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the First Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University, and evaluated by Jiamusi Drug Inspection Bureau. Water decoction was prepared with 2 kg/L raw materials. Mice in old control group and young group were filled with lukewarm boiled water.② All the animals were treated as above for 30 consecutive days before put to death. Their brains were taken out immediately and the middle parts of the brains were removed to fix with neutral formaldehyde. The remaining brain tissues were made into mitochondria suspension. Content of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined with xanthosine oxidase method and TBA chemical colorimetry. Apoptotic cells (cells with yellow nuclei were positive ones) were assayed with in situ end-labeling (ISEL) and expression of bcl-2 gene was assayed with immunohistochemical method. The cells stained brown were positive ones. A total of 400 cells were counted under the 400× microscope. We graded the samples according to the percentage of the positive cells: the number of positive cells ＜ 5% -; 5%-10％ +; 11％-50％ ++; ＞ 51％ ().③ Grade and quantitative data were compared with rank sum test and t-test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effects of AMB on the rate of neu-ronal apoptosis, the activity of Mn-SOD, the concentration of MDA in mitochondria, and the intensity of the expression of bcl-2 gene.RESULTS: Totally 24 mice entered the final analysis.① Content of MnSOD was higher in young group and AMB group than in old control group (P＜0.05).② Concentration of MDA and apoptotic rate in young group and AMB group were lower than those in old control group (P ＜ 0.01).③Expression of bcl-2 gene was significantly different in young group and AMB group from that in old control group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: AMB is found to be able to obviously inhibit neuronal apoptosis in aging mice brain by affecting the activity of Mn-SOD, the concentration of MDA and the expression of bcl-2.

Objective To explore the influence of expert patient progratmne on self-efficacy and serf-management of patients with permanent colostomy. Methods 46 patients with permanent colostomy were participated in expert patient programme .All patients' self-efficacy and self-management were inves-tigated with questionnaire before and after training. Results The score of serf-efficacy and self-manage-ment was increased after participating in the expert patient programme. Conclusions Taking part in ex-pert patient programme may improve self-efficacy and self-management of patients with permanent colosto-my effectively.