Objective: To study the effect of zinc deficiency(ZD)on the gene expression of vitamin D receptor(VDR)and CaBP in duodenal mucosa of rats. Methods: Thirty weaning male rats were randomly divided into three groups:ZD,paired-fed(PF),zinc adaquate(ZA). After 15 d feeding, took the duodenal mucosa to extract RNA,and measured the levels of VDR mRNA and CaBP mRNA in duodenal mucosa by real time fluorescent quantity PCR. Results: The VDR gene expression of ZD group was downregulated 88.89% as that of PF group,and 50.00% as that of ZA group. CaBP gene expression of ZD group was downregulated 80.16% as that of the PF group,and 88.50% as that of ZA group. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency, by changing the activity of VDR and the mRNA expression of VDR,affects the transcription of the target gene CaBP,and then the absorption of calcium that causes allo-osteogenesis.

BACKGROUND: The formation mechanism of biliary cast syndrome following liver transplantation has not been thoroughly illuminated, and it is unclear that whether some proteins correlated to the formation mechanism of biliary cast or prewarning to the formation of biliary cast.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the holoprotein expression in biliary cast syndrome patients following liver transplantation. METHODS: Four patients underwent liver transplantation at Liver Transplantation Institute, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force. Three months later, 10 g biliary cast was harvested. Four kinds of biliary cast specimens at different colors and textures were preserved at deep hypothermia, followed by protein abstraction and restriction enzyme digestion, the total protein abstraction solution of biliary cast were analyzed by high definition mass spectrometry and query on MASCOT database. All protein name of biliary cast were list, the conjunct protein was found by comparing 4 specimens. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were totally 208 proteins in 4 biliary cast specimens, 82, 44, 56 and 65, respectively. By comparison, 5 proteins were found to overlay in 2 biliary cast specimens, 7 proteins in 3 specimens and 13 proteins in 4 specimens. Among the latter 13 proteins, 5 unnamed-proteins, as well as 8 named-proteins (termed alpha-fibrinogen precursor, beta-fibrinogen precursor, fibrinogen gamma chain, proapolipoprotein, Chain A of Human Cathepsin G, S100 calcium-binding protein A9, lactoferrin) were included. The proteins exists in biliary cast, the common proteins of 4 biliary cast specimens imply a correlation between the formation of biliary cast and the exudative inflammation following the damage of biliary tract epithelium; Some proteins might be considered as a marker of prewarning the presence of biliary cast syndrome, judging the inflammation severity following the damage of biliary tract epithelium and the prognosis of biliary cast syndrome.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with lobar pneumonia and the distribution of pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected from these patients, hence providing a scientific basis for their precise diagnosis and treatment. Methods　A total of 115 children diagnosed with lobar pneumonia from August 2019 to August 2022 at Suining Central Hospital were screened as the research subjects. The clinical manifestations and occurrence of complications in the patients were investigated. All the children underwent bronchoalveolar lavage after admission, and BALF samples were collected. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was adopted to detect and analyze the distribution and clinical characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and other related pathogenic microorganisms in BALF specimens. Results Among the 115 pediatric patients with lobar pneumonia, the occurrence of manifestations or complications including involvement of ≥2 lung lobes, myocardial damage, pleural effusion, abnormal liver function, digestive system involvement, nervous system involvement, rash, renal function impairment, and lung atelectasis were observed in 46, 46, 39, 33, 18, 17, 11, 5, and 4 cases, respectively. The pathogen positivity rate in the BALF samples of the 115 patients was 87.0% (100/115), with 81 cases of single infection and 19 cases of mixed infection. A total of 121 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 83 strains of Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) (accounting for 68.6%) and SP(13.2%). The differences in the detection rates of HI, MP, RSV strains among different age groups were statistically significant (χ2=8.834, 19.454, 10.284, P<0.05), while the differences in the infection rates of SP, KP, CP, and ADV were not statistically significant (χ2=3.393, 2.67, 0.565, 0.097, P>0.05). The MP pneumonia group showed significantly higher incidence of complications such as pleural effusion, nervous system involvement, and abnormal liver function than the non-MP pneumonia group (χ2=3.925, 4.195, and 4.513, P<0.05). The highest pathogen detection rate was in winter, accounting for 33.91%. Conclusions MP is the most common pathogen in BALF of children with lobar pneumonia. There is variation in the pathogen detection rate among different age groups and seasons. Those with combined infections were more prone to complications, which is worthy of attention by clinicians.

Hypoxia inducible factor-1αis a kind of hypoxia response factor. Acute cerebral ischemia and anoxia can induce up-regula-tion of hypoxia inducible factor-1α, and the downstream genes, which plays a role in both the energy metabolism and collateral circulation after cerebral ischemia. Neural stem and progenitor cells regeneration also benefit the functional outcome after ischemic stroke. Hypoxia in-ducible factor-1αmay induce proliferation and differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells through Notch, Wnt/β-catenin pathways, etc., in the ischemic stroke model.

Objective To evaluate the effect of curcumin on the inflammatory responses in the hippocampus during global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in hypertensive rats.Methods Forty-eight SPF male Wistar-Kyoto rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 180-200 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (W-Sham group) and I/R group (W-I/R group).Seventy-two SPF male spontaneously hypertensive rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 180-200 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S-Sham group),I/R group (S-I/R group),and curcumin group (S-Cur group).Global cerebral ischemia was induced by 4-vessel occlusion method (10 min of transient global ischemia followed by reperfusion).Curcumin 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min of reperfusion in S-Cur group,and corn oil 5 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min of reperfusion in the other groups.The ability of learning and memory was tested by step-down test at 7 days of reperfusion.Rats were sacrificed at 3 h and 1,3 and 7 days of reperfusion (T1-4) and the hippocampi were removed.The morphological changes of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area were observed by HE staining.The mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was quantified by Nissl staining.The contents of interleukin-lβ (IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10 in the hippocampus were determined by ELISA.Results Compared with W-Sham group,the ability of learning and memory was significantly decreased,the mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was decreased,the contents of IL-1β at T1-3,TNF-α at T1,and IL-10 at T2 were increased,and the contents of IL-10 were decreased at T1,3,4 in W-I/R group,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in S-Sham group.Compared with W-I/R group,the ability of learning and memory was significantly decreased,the contents of IL-1β at T1,3 and IL-10 at T2 were decreased,the content of TNF-α was increased at T1,no significant change was found in the mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area,and the damage to pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was severe in S-I/R group.Compared with S-I/R group,the ability of learning and memory was significantly increased,the mean density of pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was increased,the contents of IL-1β at T2,3 and TNF-α at T1-4 were increased,and the content of IL-10 was increased at T2,and the damage to pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 area was reduced in S-Cur group.Conclusion Inhibition of inflammatory responses in the hippocampus may be involved in the mechanism by which curcumin reduces global cerebral I/R injury in hypertensive rats.

Objective To determine the levels of serum visfatin and HbA1c in patients with coronary heart disease and ex-plore the correlation with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis .Methods Totally 264 patients were enrolled who performed cor-onary angiography totally ,visfatin and HbA1c levels were detected respectively of 33 cases of control group ,51 cases of atheroscle-rosis group ,75 cases of single-vessel disease group ,72 cases of double-vessel disease group ,33 cases of triple-vessel disease group . Gensini score was used for evaluation of coronary artery lesion ,and to establish a multiple linear regression analysis of the relation-ship between each risk factor for coronary heart disease .According to the degree of coronary artery stenosis ,the patients also could be divided into the control group(33 cases) ,the non severe stenosis group (174 cases) and the severe stenosis group (57 cases) ,the changes of visfatin and HbA1c levels were analyzed in the three groups .Results In the groups by the coronary lesion count ,HbA1c levels increased with the degree of coronary artery lesions in the control group [(4 .98 ± 0 .21)% ] ,the atherosclerosis group [(5 .58 ± 0 .36)% ] ,the single-vessel disease group[(6 .17 ± 0 .48)% ] ,the double-vessel disease group[(6 .63 ± 0 .80)% ] ,the tri-ple-vessel disease group[(7 .97 ± 1 .49)% ] ,and comparisons had significant difference between any two groups(P< 0 .05) ;Visfatin level in the control group ,the atherosclerosis group ,the single-vessel disease group ,the double-vessel disease group ,the triple-ves-sel disease group were(0 .73 ± 0 .42)μg/L ,(1 .50 ± 0 .87)μg/L ,(3 .45 ± 2 .50)μg/L ,(5 .45 ± 2 .96)μg/L ,(9 .21 ± 6 .35)μg/L ,a-mong them coronary heart disease group (the single-vessel disease group ,the double-vessel disease group ,the triple-vessel disease group) is higher than the atherosclerosis group and the control group(P< 0 .05) ;the atherosclerosis group is higher than the con-trol group ,but there was no statistically significant difference(P> 0 .05) ;In according to the degree of coronary artery diameter ste-nosis ,the levels of visfatin ,HbA1c in severe stenosis group [(8 .25 ± 4 .86)μg/L ,(7 .35 ± 1 .43)% ] is significantly higher than the non severe stenosis group [(3 .22 ± 2 .74)μg/L ,(6 .14 ± 0 .70)% ] and the control group [(0 .73 ± 0 .42)μg/L ,(4 .98 ± 0 .21)% ] , P< 0 .01 ;The non severe stenosis group is significantly higher than the control group (P< 0 .01) .The levels of visfatin ,HbA1c ,hs-CRP ,LDL and TC had positive correlation with Gensini score(P< 0 .01) .The level of HDL was negatively correlated with Gensini score(r= - 0 .535 ,P < 0 .01) .The levels of visfatin ,HbA1c ,hs-CRP ,LDL and TC had positive correlation with visfatin ( P <0 .01) ,and the level of HDL and TG were negatively correlated with visfatin(P< 0 .01) .In multiple linear regression analysis ,the factors which finally entered the regression equation were HbA1c ,LDL ,hs-CRP ,visfatin and HDL .Conclusion The levels of visfa-tin and HbA1c is closely related to the severity of coronary atherosclerosis .Combined detection of visfatin and HbA1c can be used as important indicators for evaluating the severity of coronary atherosclerosis .

Objective To explore the possible effects of methyl methanesulfonate sensitive 2(MMS2)in the process of angiotensin Ⅱ inducing differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into dopaminegic phenotype neurons. Methods NSCs were isolated from the brain of newborn rats and were cultured in the serum-free medium.Identification of neural precursor cells was done by Nestin immunocyt ochemical staining. Then the second generation of NSCs was divided into the following six groups: A, control; B, AⅡ; C, AT1 antagonist ZD7155; D, ZD7155+AⅡ; E, AT2 antagonist PD123319; F, PD123319+AⅡ. The detection of expression of MMS2 and TH mRNA level was done by real-time PCR. The silence of the expression of MMS2 in NSCs was brought about via the transfection of MMS2-siRNA, and then the NSCs were induced to differentiate into dopaminegic neurons. The expression of TH mRNA level in the cells of the groups after transfection was detected by real-time PCR. Results Nestin-positive cells were observed in suspended growth in the medium.Real-Time PCR revealed that the MMS2 and TH mRNA expression of group B and D were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), There was no significant difference in MMS2 and TH mRNA expression between group C, E, F and the control, respectively. Conclusion AⅡ increased the expression of MMS2 mRNA in NSCs and induced the differentiation of NSCs into DA neurons via AT2 recepter. MMS2 may play important roles in the process of angiotensin Ⅱ inducing NSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of lung abscess related to adenovirus (ADV).Methods:The data of 5 cases suffering from pulmonary abscess by ADV in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center from January to December 2019 were collected, including general information, clinical characteristics, examination and follow up visits.Results:The age of the patients ranged from 4 months to 12 months and the mean age was 8.6 months.All of them had fever and the degree was more than 39 ℃.What′s more, they had the history of cough and sputum.Somebody had dyspnea and pleural effusion.The imaging examinations of 5 cases strongly suggested that the interstitial and parenchymal lung disease subsequently appeared different sized cystic shadow, liquid flat cystic shadow, thickened wall empty tissue image, while some cases displayed the pleural effusion.The ADV-PCR or ADV-IgM were positive in the children, while the C-reactive protein, white blood cells and neutrophile were higher than the normal, but some were not.All the platelet count and lactate dehydrogenase were higher than the normal.Three children experienced the surgical treatment and their pathologic result revealed lung abscess.All the children were cured after the treatment, with good prognosis.Conclusions:Lung abscess related to ADV was rare in children and its system was not clear.If children who suffered from ADV were not cured after the treatment for a long time, the CT scan can differentiate whether it was combined with the complication of lung abscess or not.Early therapy for these patients could obtain satisfactory prognosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the possible association of interleukin-23 receptor(IL-23R) polymorphisms with the susceptibility and phenotype of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in Jiangsu Han population.MethodsWe genotyped 178 IBD patients including 135 patients with ulcerative colitis ( UC),43 patients with Crohn's disease (CD),and 134 headthy controls for rs11805303,rs1343151,rs11465804,rs11209032,rs17375018,rs11465788.ResultsComparing with the controls (50.4％ ),there was a significant increase in the carriage of the T allele of rs11805303 in UC (60.4％) ( P =0.020).In genotypephenotype correlation of rs17375018 in UC,clinical severity(UCDAI) was associated with the prevalence of the G allele showed a trend to mild activity.Genotype polymorphisms of rs17375018A was observed more in younger than 25 in the genotype-phenotype correlation in CD(41.7％ vs 22.0％,P =0.050,OR =2.532,95％ CI 0.988-6.494),while rs11805303 was associated with age at diagnose and disease lesion (P =O.039 and 0.044).The risk of extra intestinal manifestation in rs17375018A allele carriers was lower (23.1％ vs46.7％,P=0.040,OR =2.917,95％CI 1.027-8.283).ConclusionsWe confirmed the susceptibility of rs11805303polymorphisms with UC and first demonstrated the genotype-phenot correlation of rs11805303,rs17375018 with UC,CD in Jiangsu Han population.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the protective effect of naringin ( Nar) on the injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs) induced by 33 mmol/L high glucose ( HG) and to explore its possible mechanisms.METH-ODS:The injury model was established by treating HUVECs with HG medium for the indicated time (6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h) , and then the levels of NO, eNOS and p-eNOS were detected, respectively.The effects of Nar on high glucose-in-duced endothelial cell injury were observed.HUVECs were treated with Nar at concentrations of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L for 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h.The levels of NO in the supernatants were measured.The effects of Nar on HG-injured HUVECs were explored by treating the cells with 10 μmol/L of LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, or 0.5 μmol/L of AKT inhibitorⅣ, an AKT inhibitor, and then the levels of NO, PI3K, AKT, eNOS and their phosphorylated proteins were determined by Western blot.RESULTS:Nar at concentration of 50 mg/L significantly attenuated the injury of endothelial cells induced by high glucose ( P<0.01) , and the protective effects of Nar were abolished by pretreating with the inhibitor of PI3K or AKT (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Nar protects endothelial cells against the injury induced by high glucose through PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway.