Objective To investigate the thermostability of aristolochic acid Ⅰand the effect of the compatibility on aristolochic acid Ⅰ in Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis decoction and to explore the detoxification mechanism of compatibility for aristolochic acid Ⅰ.Methods Analyzing the contents of aristolochic acid Ⅰ by HPLC in the single decoction of Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis,the concoction of Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis with Cortex Moutan,the residues of decocted Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis and the residues of concocted Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis with Cortex Moutan,respectively.Results Aristolochic acid Ⅰ decreased after heating in pure water,a new peak was found in HPLC spectra and supposed to be the derivate of aristolochic acid Ⅰ,which was also found in the decoction of Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis.The content of aristolochic acid Ⅰ in the concoction of Cortex Moutan with Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis is lower than that in the single Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis decoction.Furthermore,the quantity of aristolochic acid Ⅰ in the residues of Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis after concoction is lower than that in the residues of single Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis decoction.Conclusion Aristolochic acid Ⅰ is unstable in decoction and a part of it was changed into another compound.The stripping of aristolochic acid Ⅰfrom Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis is not inhibited when Cortex Moutan concocted with Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis.It is the chemical reaction of aristolochic acid Ⅰ,which could decrease the toxicity in the decoction or concoction of Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis.

Objective To investigate the assessment value of multimodal CT examination for collateral circulation after cerebral ischemia. Methods Within 3 days of admission,39 patients with ischemic stroke received multimodal CT examinations,including CT scan,CT perfusion (CTP)imaging,and CT angiography (CTA). The postprocessing software of the German SIEMENS 64-slice spiral CT system was used to evaluate the state of brain tissue perfusion and the conditions of head blood vessels of the subjects. The cerebral blood flow(CBF),cerebral blood volume(CBV),mean transit time(MTT),time to peak(TTP) and the score of the modified Rankin scale (mRS)in the 90 d after discharge were compared between the patients with good collateral circulation and poor collateral circulation. Results Among 39 patients, multimodal CT examination revealed that 2 patients were negative,one of them was followed up by head MR and was clinically proven as transient ischemic attack,and the other was lacunar infarction. Thirty-seven patients were positive. Multimodal CT examination found 24 patients had offending vessels occlusion and/or stenosis on the lesion sides,the collateral circulation formation in 11 of them was observed on the lesion sides;another 13 patients had poor collateral circulation on the lesion sides. The comparison of lesion sides and contralateral sides,the patients with good collateral circulation showed the CBF decreased (t= -5. 92),the MTT and TTP prolonged (t=4. 27 and 3. 17 respectively). There were significant differences (all P<0. 01). The CBV and CBF in patients with poor collateral circulation were decreased significantly (t= -14.27 and-14.82 respectively),MTT and TTP prolonged (t=7. 26 and 7. 54 respectively). There were significant differences (all P <0. 01). There were significant differences in CBF,CBV,and TTP on the lesion sides between the two groups of patients (t=3. 24,4. 11,and -2. 34,respectively;all P<0. 05). The 90 d mRS scores for patients with good collateral circulation and poor collateral circulation were 1. 3 ± 0.6 and 4. 0 ± 0. 9 respectively. There was significant difference (t = -8. 29,P <0. 01). The patients of having collateral circulation formation had good prognosis. Conclusion Multimodal CT examination has certain clinical significance for evaluation of cerebral perfusion state,understanding the establishment or patency of cerebral collateral circulation,and determining the clinical prognosis.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of smear- or culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in patients hospitalized at a general hospital to improve its diagnosis. Methods Clinical data of smear- or culture-positive pulmonary TB diagnosed in 50 patients hospitalized at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing during 2006 to 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Seventeen (34%) of 50 cases of smear- or culture-positive pulmonary TB aged more than 60 years, with 30 males (32%), 16 retirees and nine farmers (18%). Their main symptoms included fever (80%), cough (94%) and sputum expectoration (92%), with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 38 of 45 patients (84%). Chest X-ray examinations showed that lesions located mostly in the upper lobes or in both of the lungs diffusedly, with patchy infiltrations, nodular opacities and cavities. Acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated on sputum smear in 41 ( 82% ) and in specimens of six ( 12% ) cases obtained through bronchoscopy with brush or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF), and M. Tuberculosis was cultured from sputum specimens in three (6%). Mean time interval between admission and diagnoses averaged 14 days.Conclusions Basic knowledge about prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis should be publicized comprehensively in general hospital keeping alert in its diagnosis with acid-fast staining for sputum smear as a routine test for patients with respiratory symptoms, and in some cases, bronchoscopy procedures ( brush or BALF) are reasonable options to improve its detection.

Objective: To investigate the function and mechanism of phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1) in cell-matrix adhesion in colorectal cancer. Methods: Highly metastatic colorectal cancer cell line LoVo and lowly metastatic colorectal cancer cell line SW480 were subjected to cell-matrix adhesion assay. U73122 (a specific inhibitor of PLC) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (an inhibitor of NF-κB) were used to study the effect of PLCγ1 and NF-κB on cell-matrix adhesion. Furthermore, Western blot and gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) were performed to detect the mechanism of PLCγ1 in colorectal cancer cell adhesion to matrix. Results: Inhibition of PLCγ1 or NF-κB resulted in reduction of cell-matrix adhesion in a dose-dependent manner in LoVo cells(P<0.05), but had no marked effect on SW480 cells. Western blot analysis showed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated the phosphorylation of PLCγ1 in LoVo. The results of EMSA indicated that inhibition of PLCγ1 signaling pathway also down-regulated the activity of NF-κB while EGF reversed the function. Conclusion:These data suggest that PLCγ1 plays a pivotal role in the EGF-induced cell-matrix adhesion of highly metastatic colorectal cancer cells and that NF-κB is also functional in this signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the function and mechanism of phospholipase C?1 (PLC?1) in cell-matrix adhesion in colorectal cancer. Methods: Highly metastatic colorectal cancer cell line LoVo and lowly metastatic colorectal cancer cell line SW480 were subjected to cell-matrix adhesion assay. U73122 (a specific inhibitor of PLC) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (an inhibitor of NF-?B) were used to study the effect of PLC?1 and NF-?B on cell-matrix adhesion. Furthermore, Western blot and gel electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) were performed to detect the mechanism of PLC?1 in colorectal cancer cell adhesion to matrix. Results: Inhibition of PLC?1 or NF-?B resulted in reduction of cell-matrix adhesion in a dose-dependent manner in LoVo cells(P

To investigate dynamic characteristics of the hydrolization lipid phosphatidylinositol(4,5)-bisphosphate(PIP 2 )with the stimulation of epidermal growth factor(EGF),the mathematical model to simulate the metabolizability of PIP 2 is established based on Law of Mass Action and Law of the Quasi-steady-State Approximation.Differential equations of concentration relations between PIP 2 and EGF receptor are formulated,and the effect of the parameters on the changing trend of PIP 2 is analyzed.This mathematical model describes biology characteristics of metabolized PIP 2 and dependency relationships of concentration between key signal producuts.

Objectives To investigate the expression and clinical significance of HOXA10 gene in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis.Mehtods Between Jan.2009 to Aug.2010,30 patients with endometriosis undergoing laparoscopic surgery in Maternal and Children's Hospital of Foshan.Eutopic and ectopic endometrium were obtained.In the mean time,30 patients with benign ovary cyst or tubal infertihty undergoing laparoscopic surgery were selected as controls.Their uterine endometrium were obtained real-time fluorescent quantitation,western blot and immunohistochemistry technique were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of HOXA10 gene in the eutopic endometrium group,ectopic endometrium group and control group.Results The mRNA and protein expression of HOXA10 gene were 0.61 ±0.07 and 0.47 ±0.05 in the eutopic endometrium of endometriosis,0.64 ±0.06 and 0.50 ±0.05 in ectopic endometrium of endometriosis,which were significantly lower than 1.22 ± 0.14 and 1.42 ± 0.14 in control group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).However,the mRNA and protein expression of HOXA 10 between eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis did not reach statistical difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The expression of HOXA10 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis were decreased by immunohistochemistry staining.Conclusion The lower expression of HOXA10 gene in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis might be associated with pathogenesis and infertility of endometriosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) first presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO). Methods The clinical data of 100 cases of FUO, diagnosed as TB finally, among in-patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results ( 1 ) Sites of TB: there were 39 patients with merely pulmonary TB, 28 patients with merely extrapulmonary TB, and 33 patients with both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. (2) Clinical manifestations: depending on the different sites of tuberculous lesion, the clinical symptoms varied accordingly. The common laboratory findings included anemia, hypoalbuminemia, elevation of the level of ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP). (3) Methods for diagnosis: 34 cases were diagnosed by sputum smearor cultivation-positive for acid-fast bacilli; 8 cases by histopathology; 49 cases by clinical diagnosis of TB with an effective anti-TB therapy; and 9 cases by effective diagnostic anti-TB therapy. (4) Responses to treatment: among 73 cases with complete follow-up data, only 2 cases (2. 7% ) died and the other cases were cured or alleviated. Fifty-five cases (77.5%) showed marked efficacy after less than 4 weeks of regular anti-TB therapy, 37 cases ( 52. 1% ) suffered adverse effects of anti-TB agents, and all of them had improved after modifying anti-TB therapy and supporting treatment. Conclusions The diagnosis of TB that presents as FUO is quite difficult, and the median interval time for making diagnosis is 14 weeks (3-77weeks). Investigating clinical manifestations comprehensively, reviewing radiology data carefully, and eliciting microbiological and pathologic evidence of TB, are extremely important for making the correct diagnosis. In some cases, a therapeatic trial of anti-TB therapy is necessary.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of osteopontin (OPN)for ovarian cancer.Methods Wanfang, CQVIP and CNKI were retrieved to identify eligible studies on diagnostic value of OPN for ovarian cancer that published be-fore May,2014.The quality of the studies was evaluated by QUADAS tools.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,negative and positive likelihood ratios and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR)were pooled by random-effects models.The overall diagnostic performance was estimated by summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC)curves approaches.Results Six studies met the included criteria.The summary estimates for OPN in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the studies included were as follows:sensitivity 0.83 [(95% confidence interval(CI):0.78~0.87)],specificity 0.91 (95% CI,0.88~0.94),positive likelihood ratio 9.00 (95% CI,5.91~13.71),negative likelihood ratio 0.19 (95% CI,0.15~0.25),and DOR 47.58 (95%CI,27.93~81.05).The area under curve (AUC)for OPN was 0.87 with Q value of 0.80.Conclusion OPN has high diag-nostic value for ovarian cancer.

Objective To investigate the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes distribution rule of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and its correlation with related clinical indexes.Methods The general condition,TCM four diagnostic methods,biochemical and CT results in 1950 cases of NAFLD in Chongqing City were investigated for analyzing the TCM syndromes distribution rule and its correlation with biochemistry and CT.Results In 1950 cases,the accumulation and binding of damp-heat,congestion of dampness turbidity,stagnation of liver-QI with spleen deficiency,intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis and yin deficiency of both liver and kidney accounted for 36.62 ％,27.69 ％,19.38 ％,10.10 ％ and 6.21 ％ respectively;there was statistically significant difference in age among different TCM syndromes(P＜0.05);the vin deficiency syndrome of both liver and kidney and intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis in severe fatty liver were maximal;glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase(AST) level was higher in the accumulation and binding of damp-heat;the level of fasting plasma gluco se(FBG) was higher in the yin deficiency syndrome of both liver and kidney;the total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG) and FBG levels were lower in the stagnation of liver-QI with spleen deficiency,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion In NAFLD patients,the accumulation and binding of damp-heat distribution is maximal,the proportion of severe fatty liver with vin deficiency syndrome of both liver and kidney is higher.Different dialectical types may play an important role in the clinical indexes and disease development.