Objective:To establish the quality standard for Tongduhuoxue Tablets.Methods: Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza and Rhizoma Corydalis in this prescription were identified by TLC. Tanshinone Ⅱ A was determined by HPLC and astragaloside was determined by dual wavelength TLC Scanning.Results:Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza and Rhizoma Corydalis could be detected by TLC. Determination method of tanshinone Ⅱ A and astragaloside was linear at the range of 0.04 ～ 0.8 ?g( r= 0.99998 ,n=7 ) and 0.3 ～ 6.0 ?g( r= 0.9991 ,n=7 ),average recovery was 98.6% ( RSD= 1.1% ,n=5 ) and 97.7% ( RSD= 1.8% ,n=5 ),respectively. Conclusions: The established method is accurate and reproducible. This study provides a method for the quality control of Tongduhuoxue Tablets.

AIM:To establish the quality standard of Compound Shouwu Granule (Radix Polygoni multiflori,Radix et Rhizoma Thalictri Baicalensis,Herba Rabdosiae Rubescentis,etc.) METHODS:TLC was performed to identify Radix Polygoni Multiflori,Radix et Rhizoma Thalictri Baicalensis,Herba Rabdosiae Rubescentis.HPLC was used to determine 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-0-?-D-glucoside. RESULTS:The study on the quality control showed that the characteristic of identification by TLC was distinct and highly specific.The quantitative evaluation had the linear range of 0.04-0.72 ?g.The average recovery was 99.99% and RSD was 1.3%. CONCLUSION: The method for identification and quantitation was simple,accurate,realizable and reproducible.It can be used effectively for the quality control of Compound Shouwu Granule.

Objective:To observe the effect of hemp seed oil on the blood lipid and its hepatoprotective efficacy in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods:High fat diet was used to make the hyperlipidemia model in SD rats,and the rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal control group,high fat model group,high dose group(1. 5 g·kg-1 ),medium dose group(1. 0 g·kg-1 ),low dose group (0. 5 g·kg-1 )and Xuezhikang group(0. 5 g·kg-1 ). After 35-day treatment,serum TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,SOD,MDA,ALT, AST and liver SOD were detected. Results:Compared with the model group,hemp seed oil at different dosages could significantly de-crease the contents of serum TC,TG,ALT and the atherogenic index(AI)( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),and significantly increase the SOD activity in serum and liver(P<0. 01). The contents of serum MDA and AST in the medium and high dose groups were signifi-cantly decreased(P<0. 01),and the content of LDL-C in serum and the content of MDA in liver in the high dose group were signifi-cantly reduced(P<0. 01). Conclusion:Hemp seed oil shows promising blood lipid reducing ability and liver protective effect in hy-perlipidemic rats,and the mechanism may be related with liver lipid metabolism improvement and antioxidant function enhancement.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) and analyze the factors affecting its prognosis. Methods: Retrospectively analyze the case data of 66 patients with chRCC admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2003 to September 2018, including 32 males and 34 females; the average age was (53.9±13.9) years and the age range was 24-85 years. To analyze the clinical symptoms, whether have hypertension, diabetes, tumor characteristics (size, side, location), surgical methods, TNM staging and other clinical features of patients, with disease-free survival (DFS) as the study endpoint. The survival curve was drawed by the kaplan-Meier method. Survival analysis was performed using Log-rank test, and the clinical features of prognosis were analyzed by Cox regression models. Results: Among the 66 patients, the mean diameter of the tumor was (5.4±3.5) cm, 17 cases were ≥7 cm, 49 cases were <7 cm; 48 cases were asymptomatic, and 18 cases were symptomatic; 45 cases in T₁, 15 cases in T₂, 6 cases in T₃; 33 cases were underwent radical nephrectomy, 32 cases were underwent nephron sparing surgery, 1 case was under the therapy of watchful waiting. The median follow-up time was 61 months, and the DFS in 1, 5, and 10 years were 94.6%, 91.3%, and 82.2%, respectively. Log-rank results showed that the maximum diameter of the tumor was related to the T stage and the survival time of the patients (P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that T stage was an independent risk factor for DFS (HR=8.102, P=0.027). Conclusions ChRCC is a type of kidney cancer with a good prognosis. Tumor staging is more common in T₁ and T₂ phases, patients with higher DFS in 5 and 10 years, and T staging is an independent risk factor for DFS in patients.

Gleason grading system is a critical factor for assessing the risk, making treatment decision and evaluating prognosis for patients with prostate cancer. However, it has been reported that concordance rates of Gleason score between biopsy pathology and radical prostatectomy specimen were only39%-63%, whilst postsurgical upgrade and downgrade rates were 30%-55% and 7%-20% respectively. This situation brings difficulties in performing clinical practice. This literature aimed to review relevant and updated studies in literature to summarize the concordance rate and independent predictive factors of Gleason score change from following several aspects: patient clinical characteristics, biopsy-related factors, accuracy of pathologic assignment and interpretation of pathology reports. This review also investigated how the factors influenced the Gleason score change and clinical decision-making. There were many factors influencing the Gleason score change which were roughly consistent with risk factors of prostate cancer, however, some factors were controversial. In order to provide precise evaluation of risk stratification and optimal individualized treatment, it is essential to consider the risk factors which are correlated with Gleason score change.

Objective To evaluate the antioxidant function of Chrysanthemum morifolium from different origins and to identify their antioxidant material basis.Methods The HPLC fingerprints of the water extracts of C.morifolium from different origins were established.The antioxidant activities of C.morifolium were assayed by measuring the 2.2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),hydroxyl radical,ABTS,superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity and ferric ion reducing capacity FRAP.Entropy-weighted TOPSIS was used to calculate the weighting coefficients of the single indexes.Grey relational analysis(GRA)and partial least squares were used for spectrum-effect analysis to identify the antioxidant material basis of C.morifolium.Results A total of 16 common peaks were discovered in the fingerprint of the water extracts of 10 batches of C.morifolium,among which 13 common components were identified.All the C.morifolium samples had good antioxidant capacity,and the results of entropy-weighted TOPSIS analysis showed that the ranking of total antioxidant potency of 10 batches of C.morifolium was follows:S1＞S8＞S3＞S5＞S4＞S10＞S7＞S2＞S9＞S6.The peaks of 1-5,9,10,12,14 were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity and the variable influence on projection(VIP)values were greater than 1.The correlation coefficients of these nine peaks in GRA were all greater than 0.7.Conclusion The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method combined with the spectrum-effect analysis could be used to screen out the antioxidant material basis of C.morifolium and the results provide a basis for establishing quality assessment system for C.morifolium based on Quality-markers thus improving the quality control level.

Objective To screen the anti-Helicobacter pylori gastritis active components of the ethyl acetate extract of Alpinia officinarum Hance.Methods The"knock-out"strategy combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)detection was developed to separate the components of the ethyl acetate extract of A.officinarum while obtaining the negative samples without the components.A human gastric epithelial cell(GES-1)model of H.pylori gastritis was established,and the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-8(IL-8)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in the supernatant of the cells were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The total flavonoid fraction,the negative fraction without total diphenylheptanoids,the negative fraction without 5-hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone(DHPA),and galangin significantly reduced IL-6 levels in the supernatant of H.pylori infected GES-1 cells at a concentration of 8 μg·mL-1 with 24 h incubation.The total flavonoid fraction strongly inhibited the release of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-8,and IL-1β from H.pylori gastritis GES-1 cells at a concentration of 16 μg·mL-1.Conclusions The total flavonoid fraction is the major anti-H.pylori gastritis active component of the ethyl acetate extract of A.officinarum.The results lay the foundation for further elucidation of the material basis of A.officnarum against H.pylori gastritis.

At present, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still rampant worldwide.As of September 10, 2021, there were about 222 million confirmed cases of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and more than 4.6 million deaths worldwide.With the development of COVID-19 vaccines and the gradual vaccination worldwide, the increasing number of cases in children and unvaccinated young people has drawn attention.According to World Health Organization surveillance data, the proportion of COVID-19 infection cases in children gradually increased, and the proportion of cases in the age groups of under 5 years and 5-14 years increased from 1.0% and 2.5% in January 2020 to 2.0% and 8.7% in July 2021, respectively.At present, billions of adults have been vaccinated with various COVID-19 vaccines worldwide, and their protective effects including reducing infection and transmission, reducing severe disease and hospitalization, and reducing death, as well as high safety have been confirmed.Canada, the United States, Europe and other countries have approved the emergency COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, and China has also approved the phased vaccination of COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents aged 3 to 17 years. For smooth advancement and implementation of COVID-19 vaccination in children, academic institutions, including National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children′s Health, and The Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to reach this consensus on COVID-19 vaccination in children.

OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for th e content determination of 7 kinds of triterpenoids in Poria cocos ，and to compare the differences of the above components in P. cocos from different habitats ，so as to provide reference for the quality control of P. cocos . METHODS ：Using 36 batches of P. cocos from different habitats as samples ，HPLC method was used for content determination of dehydrotomorphic acid ， polyporhinic acid C ， 3-epidehydrotomorphic acid ， 3-O-acetyl-16 α-hydroxy-hydrogenolysaccharic acid ，dehydrotomorphic acid ，pachymic acid and dehydrotrametenolic acid. The column was performed on Thermo Acclaim 120 C18 with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-phosphoric acid water （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and the injection volume was 20 μL. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used for cluster analysis of 36 batches of P. cocos from different habitats. RESULTS ： The linearity of 7 triterpenoids was good in the range of their mass concentration （all r≥0.999 0）；average recoveries were 96.74％-104.04％（RSD＝0.54％-1.55％，n＝6）. RSDs of precision ，and reproducibility stability （24 h）tests were all lower than 3.0％（n＝6）. RSD of durability test was lower than 5.0％（n＝2）. There were some differences in the single content of 7 indicator components among samples from different habitats ，but the total content difference was not obvious （the total content of most samples was in the range of 1.3-1.9 mg/g）. After cluster analysis ，36 batches of sample were clustered into 5 categories，i.e. S 27 was clustered into class Ⅰ；S30 and S 34 were clustered into class Ⅱ；S2，S8 and S 9 were clustered into class Ⅲ；S10，S11，S12 and S 14 were clustered into class Ⅳ；and the remaining 26 batches of samples were clustered into class Ⅴ. CONCLUSIONS ：The method is simple ，and has good precision ，repeatability and durability. It can be used for the simultaneous determination of above 7 components in P. cocos . There has no significant difference in the quality of P. cocos from different habitats. The content of P. cocos in most producing areas is uniform in content and stable in quality ，only a few of them are different. Δ 基金项目 ：国家重点研发计划中医药现代化研究重点专项

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is still worldwide.As a vulnerable group, severe and dead pediatric cases are also reported.Under this severe epidemic situation, children should be well protected.With the widespread vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults, the infection rate have decreased.Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine inoculation for children groups step by step is of great significance to the protection of children and the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) as a whole.But the safety of children vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is a main concern of parents.Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of vaccination and the implementation of vaccination work, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children′s Health and the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized experts to interpret the main issue of parents about SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for children, in order to answer the doubts of parents.