Objective To investigate cause and prevention of dysuria after hyperplasia of prostate operation. Methods To analyze 66 cases of dysuria after hyperplasia of prostate operation retrospectively. Result The most common reasons to dysuria are orderly stenosis of bladder neck; inflammatory edema of bladder neck; urethral stricture; rehyperplasia of remained prostate tissue; neruogenic bladder; prominence of ureteral crest; clot obstruction. Conclusion Prevention of dysuria after hyperplasia of prostate operation consists in preoperative satisfied diagnosis and correct treatment in operation and after operation.

Objective To develop a method for determining cyanogen chloride (CNCl) in drinking water. Methods Pyridine-barbituric acid spectrophotometry was employed and some parameters including the pH value of the phosphate buffer, the time of color reaction, temperature, the concentration of chloramine T, the proportion of the phosphate buffer, the proportion of color agent and the maximum absorption wavelength were optimized. The linear range, limit of detection, precision and recovery rate were studied. Results Trace quantity of CNCl obeyed the Law of Beer. In the range of 0-0.1 ?g/ml CN-, the correlation coefficient was 0.999 4, the regression equation was y=0.194x-0.033, the limit of detection was 0.003 ?g/L, the lower limit of detection was 0.01 mg/L, the relative standard deviations were 1.5%-6.2% and the recovery rates were 92.9%-107.1%. Conclusion The method has the characters of accurate, sensitive, simple and rapid, it can be used in monitoring of drinking water quality.

Objective To get knowledge of the indoor air pollution states in the newly renovated apartments in Xi’an city, and explore the relationship among the major pollutants and the relationship between the pollutants and the differences of seasons. Methods From January, 2006 to May, 2007, we randomly selected 138 newly renovated (3 months or less) apartments in the urban area of Xi’an city, tested their indoor (including bedrooms, living room, dining room, kitchen, bathrooms, study, a total of 597) content of formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene. Results Among which were detected in all of the pollutants, total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) and formaldehyde own the highest exceeding rates, respectively 69.8% and 60.8%. They are followed by ammonia, whose exceeding rate is 13.2%, xylene which has the highest exceeding rate among the benzene compounds, 8.7%. We did comparative analysis of the concentration in different types of rooms for the pollutants which are among the top four in exceeding rate ranks, and found that only for formaldehyde, there is significant difference in statistics (P

Objective To study the status of knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) of environmental health among urban and rural residents and the influencing factors. Methods Totally,4 607 urban and rural residents from Lanzhou,Taiyuan,Shanghai and Qingdao were recruited and investigated by the self-designed questionnaire from July 3rd to August 10th 2007. In the questionnaire,a certain number of related questions were designed mainly on environmental health knowledge,attitude and practice. The datas were analyzed with SPSS13.0 software. Results The average scores of environmental health knowledge,attitude and practice of urban and rural residents were 4.14?1.30,4.88?0.85 and 4.05?1.11 respectively. The main influencing factors of environmental health knowledge were education background (?=0.220,P

Objective To evaluate the method and result of thyroid artery embolization as a new therapy for Graves disease.Methods Ten patients with Graves disease underwent selective thyroid artery embolization. Totally 25 thyroid arteries were embolized with PVA microspheres. The indications to this therapy were as following: Graves disease with recurrent clinical symptoms or with leucopenia during the period of treating with administration of antithyroid drugs or recurrence after subtotal thyroidectomy. Results Serum level of thyroid hormones dropped significantly [median FT 3 from 20.90pmol/L(13.36～50.92pmol/L) to 7.81pmol/L(3.67～35.3pmol/L), median FT 4 from 57.9pmol/L(30.96～57.9pmol/L) to 28.13pmol/L(20.44～39.60pmol/L), ( P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) ,ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) ,CT findings and outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury .Methods En-zyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect the serum level of GFAP and UCH-L1 in 62 patients with se-vere traumatic brain injury at the time of 12 h and 36 h after the trauma .CT scans of the brain were obtained within 12 h of injury . Outcome was assessed by glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 6th month .The relationship between GFAP ,UCH-1 ,CT findings and outcome were analyzed .56 healthy persons were selected as control group .Results The concentrations of serum GFAP and UCH-L1 of patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (P< 0 .05) ;GFAP levels were higher in patients with mass lesions than in those with diffuse injury while UCH-L1 levels were higher in patients with diffuse injury (P< 0 .05) ;the levels of GFAP and UCH-L1 of patients with unfavourable outcome(GOS 1 - 3 scores) were significantly higher than those of patients with favourable outcome(GOS 4 - 5 scores) ,and the concentrations of biomarkers were significantly negatively correlated with outcome . Conclusion Serum levels of GFAP and UCH-L1 are good predictors for severity and outcome in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) .The levels of GFAP and UCH-L1 could reflect different injury pathways which were different in patients with mass lesions and diffuse injury remarkbly .GFAP and UCH-L1 could provide better characterization of subjects for specific types of cellular dam -age than that obtained with CT alone .

Objective To evaluate the influence of gaseous combustion products of the natural gas (NG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and coal on the indoor air quality. Methods The three kinds of domestic fuels were burned in the designed experimental rooms and the concentrations of SO2, NO2, CO and formaldehyde in the indoor air were determined according to the standard methods at the same time, the emission characteristics of SO2, NO2, CO in these fuels were analyzed also. Results The emission level of CO was the highest in the four combustion products of all three fuels. According to the average daily usage in general families in China, the emission of CO in the coal combustion was much higher than that in combustion of NG and LPG. The unit emission of CO of the coal for house use could reach 30 136 mg/kg, much higher than LPG(8 725 mg/kg)and NG(2 755 mg/kg). The unit emissions of NO2 of LPG combustion (42.69 mg/kg) was higher than the coal and NG (20.01 mg/kg, 11.87 mg/kg), so in the unventilated rooms it could still make the indoor air quality exceed Chinese indoor air quality standard limits. Conclusion Burn of NG or LPG in the kitchen could also cause indoor air pollution.

Objective To detect the expressions of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) in pancreatic cancer tissues and to analyze the significance of DcR3 in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.Methods The expressions of DcR3 in pancreatic cancer tissues (n =100), paracancer tissues (n =15) and normal tissues (n =15) were detected with immunohistochemical method (Envision method).Results The positive rate of DcR3 in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent-tumor pancreatic cancer tissues (86.0％ vs.46.6％, P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of DcR3 in adjacent-tumor pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (46.6％ vs.13.3％, P ＜ 0.05).In clinical stage Ⅲ, the positive rate of DcR3 was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅰ (100％ vs.87.0％, P＜0.05;100％ vs.62.5％, P＜0.05).There were significant differences among the three groups (P ＜ 0.05).With lymph node metastasis, the DcR3 positive rate was significantly higher than that in the group without lymph node metastasis (93.4％ vs.79.6％, P ＜ 0.05).In poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer, the positive rate of DcR3 was significantly higher than that in the highly differentiated group (100％ vs.64.0％, P ＜0.05), the positive rate of DcR3 was significantly higher in the moderately differentiated group than that in the highly differentiated group (88.6％ vs.64.0％, P ＜ 0.05) , There were significant differences among the three groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of DcR3 between the different age groups or the different gender groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of DcR3 in patients with pancreatic cancer gradually increased from normal tissues to paracancer tissues, to pancreas tissues.The expression level of DcR3 protein was closely related to clinical stage, degree of tissue differentiation and presence of lymph node metastasis, but not associated with age, sex, and tumor diameter size.

Objective:To establish the optimal extraction technology of Xiaoer Yinqiao granules by orthogonal test. Methods:The effects of water amount,extraction duration and extraction times were investigated by orthogonal design using the contents of forsythia-side A and chlorogenic acid as the indices. Results: The optimum extraction process was as follows: adding 8-fold amount of water, and extracting 1. 5 h for the first time, and then adding 6-fold amount of water, extracting 1 h for the second and third time, respective-ly. Conclusion:The extraction technology is simple, reasonable and reliable.

BACKGROUND: It is indicated in the study of recent years that gingko biloba extract (EGB) is a kind of natural cleaner of free radical and it protects the body from the damage induced by free radical and improves cerebral circulatory disturbance and neuronal function. But the experimental or clinical study on the effects of EGB on high neural functional activity, like cognition, is relatively lagged.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the function of EGB on high functional activity in central neural system so as to provide the experimental evidence on clinical application of EGB in treatment of cognitive disturbance.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment was designed.SETTING: Department of Geriatrics of Psychiatric Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Department of Pathophysiology in Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Department of Neurology in Union Hospital affiliated to Jinan Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Basic Department of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in June 2002. Forty Wistar rats were employed and randomized into 5groups, named as normal control of aged rats (normal group), model group,EGB 75 mg/kg group, EGB 150 mg/kg group and EGB 500 mg/kg group, 8 rats in each one.METHODS: Scopolamine was used to induce disturbance of learning and memory in aged rats to simulate the model of senile dementia animals. In normal and model groups, physiological saline of same volume was used for gastric perfusion and in every EGB group, EGB of 75, 150 and 500 mg/kg was used for gastric perfusion successively, 50-400 g/time, continuously for 5 days. On the 6th day, water maze and evading-dark-room tests were performed. During the testing, the medical perfusion stopped. The assay methods of behavioral training of learning and memory, such as experiment with water maze and evading-dark-room test, and biochemical assay were used to observe the changes in learning and memory and in acetylcholine (Ach) and protein contents in cerebral hippocampus before and after medication.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Time required in maze test of rats in each group. ② Mistakes in maze test of rats in each group. ③ Time required and mistakes in evading-dark-room test of rats in each group. ④Contents of Ach and protein in cerebral hippocampus of rats in each group.RFSULTS: Except that 1 rat was died without definite reason in EGB 150 mg/kg group and 1 rat was escaped in either EGB 75 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg group during gastric perfusion, terminally, 37 rats entered result analysis.① The time required and mistakes in maze test in every EGB group were less remarkably than model group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). The time required and mistakes in maze test in model group were higher remarkably than normal group (P＜0.01). ② In learning of passive escaping in evading-darkroom test, the duration of learning for the rats in EGB 500, 150, 75 mg/kg groups was shorter remarkably than that in model group [(156.78±25.97),(172.66±13.56), (198.54±17.12), (208.34±28.56) s, P ＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01].The mistakes of electric shock in EGB 500, 150, 75 mg/kg groups were less remarkably than model group [(3.41±0.26), (6.97±0.35), (7.23±0.62),(8.38±0.92) times, P＜0.01]. The times of electric shock in EGB 500 mg/kg group was less significantly than 150 mg/kg group (P＜0.01) and that in 150 mg/kg was less remarkably than 75 mg/kg group (P＜0.05). ③ Hippocampal Ach content in modeled rats in EGB 500, 150, 75 mg/kg groups was higher than that in model group [(421.89±36.32), (387.45±32.76),(380.17±41.25), (365.28±11.42) μg/g, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01]. Hippocampal Ach content in 500 mg/kg group was higher significantly than 150 and 75 mg/kg groups (P＜0.01). In addition, compared with normal group,protein content in hippocampus in rats with disturbance of learning and memory induced by scopolamine in model group was reduced significantly [(41.75±3.82), (95.13±6.34) mg/kg, P ＜ 0.01]. After administrated with EGB,even though the protein content in hippocampus was increased in experimental rats after modeling, the difference was not significant (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: EGB improves significantly learning and memory in experimental animal in dose-dependence and increases significantly Ach content in hippocampus.