BACKGROUND:As a kind of dental implant material, the application of titanium has certain restrictions because of its higher probability of postoperative bleeding rate, infection and gingival hyperplasia. Studies have shown that polymethylmethacrylate has been used in artificial joints and artificial bones, but rarely reported to be used as dental implant material. OBJECTIVE:To explore the biocompatibility indexes such as cytotoxicity, cel adhesion rate, relative cel proliferation rate and post-implantation inflammatory response of human osteoblasts when pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate are used as dental implant materials, so as to provide certain reference basis for the clinical usage of polymethylmethacrylate as the dental implant material. METHODS:Human osteoblasts were cultured in vitro. Three groups were divided as folows: control group (cels cultured normaly), pure titanium group (cels cultured with titanium extract) and polymethylmethacrylate group (cels cultured with polymethylmethacrylate extract). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the cel adhesion rate was significantly decreased after 2, 4, 8 and 16 hours of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts (P < 0.05); the cel adhesion rate in the polymethylmethacrylate group was higher than that in the pure titanium group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the cels were sparse and grew slowly after 2 days of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts. Cels in the polymethylmethacrylate group grew faster with fusiform distribution and obvious drawing phenomenon. Compared with the control group, the relative cel proliferation rate was significantly decreased after 2 days of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts (P < 0.05); the relative cel proliferation rate of polymethylmethacrylate group was higher than that of the pure titanium group (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory factors in rat serum was significantly increased after 7 days of implantation of titanium and polymethylmethacrylate materials (P < 0.05), the expression of inflammatory factors in the polymethylmethacrylate group was less than that in the titanium group (P < 0.05). There was only one rat developing alergic reaction, but no pyrogen reaction and no death in the polymethylmethacrylate group; and three rats presented with alergic reaction, one rat present with pyrogen reaction and no death occurred in the pure titanium group. These results demonstrate that as the dental implant material, polymethylmethacrylate is superior to pure titanium in the cel toxicity, inflammatory response and biocompatibility.

BACKGROUND:It is reported that gelatin sponge particles and chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres have high application prospects in the treatment of hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis.METHODS: Forty SPF Kunming mice were selected to make animal models of pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis using aerosolized inhalation device and randomly divided into two groups undergoing embolization for hemostasis using gelatin sponge particles and chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres, respectively. Body mass changes, hemostasis time, effective rate of hemostasis, related indexes of myocardium and pathological changes of pulmonary tuberculosis were observed at 15 and 30 days after treatment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Mice in the chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres group had higher body mass than those in the gelatin sponge group at 15 days after treatment (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the gelatin sponge group, the hemostatic efficiency was higher and the time of hemostasis was shorter in the chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres group (P< 0.05). (3) There were no significant differences in the levels of BNP precursor, creatine kinase isoenzyme and creatine kinase between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) The lymphocyte infiltration and necrotic lesions were found around the microspheres, necrotic lesions were found, and there were a lot of active cells on the microspheres. There were a few lymphocytes in the gelatin sponge group. These results show that that the chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres have better hemostatic effects in comparison with gelatin sponge particles in a mouse model of pulmonary tuberculosis.

In the clinical practice,critically ill patients are in great risk of delirium because of the impact of psychological,surroundings,illness,and medications,with the incidence rate as high as 45％-87％.Delirium could result in bad prognosis and clinical consequences of cognitive function in late stage.Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a novel and highly selective 2-adrenoceptor agonist.It offers beneficial pharmacological properties and has been widely used in intensive care unit (ICU).In order to provide scientific and effective references for clinical practice,this paper reviewed the development of DEX intervention for the prevention of delirium in ICU both in China and abroad refereed to the pharmacological characteristics and the efficiency in clinic and the influence factors ofthe efficiency;and also discussed the possible mechanisms,such as modulating the neurotransmitters,and attenuating stress response and inflammation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) and to determine the relationship between BTG1 expression and clinicopathological features, biological behaviors in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. METHOD: Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to analyze BTG1 protein expression in 70 cases of laryngeal cancer and 35 cases of adjacent corresponding laryngeal mucosal tissues to illuminate the relationship between BTG1 expression and clinical factors. RESULT: The positive rate of BTG1 protein expression was 31.43% in laryngeal carcinoma tissues, significantly lower than 91.43% in the adjacent laryngeal tissues (P < 0.05). Western blot showed the relative expression of BTG1 protein between cancer lesion and adjacent tissue were 0.217 ± 0.032 and 0.918 ± 0.081, showing the difference with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The expression of protein was significantly correlated with the tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, clinic stage and histological grade (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but not with sex, age and tumor location (P > 0.05) of patients with laryngeal cancer. CONCLUSION The expression of BTG1 protein was decreased in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting that BTG1 gene may be closely associated with the carcinogenesis and the degree of malignancy. Detection of BTG1 expression may be useful in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

AIM:To investigate the principle of function of Stomach-Clearing Powder (Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Cortex Moutan Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.) on clearing the stomach-heat. METHODS: 5% alcohol water were used as drink water of mice to make model. In the treatment group, "Stomach-Clearing Powder" was administed. Three weeks later, the anal temperature, the evacuation time of active carbon powder,stomach cAMP, SOD, MDA and the pathological changes in stomach and tongue were observed and recorded. RESULTS: "Stomach-Clearing Powder" could can obviously improve the pathological changes of the model group with stomach-heat syndrom. CONCLUSION: The established pathological model of stomach-heat syndrome accorded with traditional Chinese medicine; "Stomach-Clearing Powder" has the effect on clearing the stomach-heat on the experimental mouse.

Objectives: To determine the regulation effects of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) on dipeptide transport(PepT1) in normal and severe scalded rats. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats inflicted by 30% total body surface area ( TBSA) Ⅲ degree scalding were employed as the model.The rhGH was used in this study with the dose of 2 U/(kg?d). An everted sleeve of intestine was incubated in Kreb’s solution with radioactive dipeptide ( 3 H Glycylsarcosine, 3 H Gly Sar, 10 ?Ci / ml) at 37℃ for 15 min to measure the effects of uptake and transport of PepT1 of small intestinal epithelial cells in normal and severe scalded rats. Results: The transport of dipeptide in normal rats with injection of rhGH was not significantly increased compared with controls ( P =0.192 6) while the uptake was significantly increased compared with controls ( P = 0.025 3 ). The transport and uptake of PepT1 in scalded rats with injection of rhGH were significantly increased compared with controls( P = 0.008 2 and 0.039 1). Conclusions: The effects of uptake and transport of dipeptide transporters in small intestinal epithelial cells with severe injury were markedly upregulated by rhGH.

Objective To explore the relation between vitamin D deficiency and susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis. Methods A total of 163 hospitalized patients with untreated spinal tuberculosis in Tianjin Haihe hospital were enrolled in this study from June 2013 to May 2016. A total of 170 individuals participated in health examination program at the same period were enrolled as the control group. The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The 25(OH)D grading included serious deficiency group (<25 nmol/L), deficiency group (≥25 nmol/L and <50 nmol/L), insufficiency group (≥50 nmol/L and <75 nmol/L) and sufficiency group (≥75 nmol/L). Histopathological classification was confirmed by intraoperative findings. Results The serum level of 25(OH)D was significantly lower in patient group [23.99(20.55,29.54)nmol/L] than that of control group [42.94(35.68,51.04) nmol/L] (P<0.01), and which was also significantly lower in four seasons than that of controls (P<0.05). The serum levels of 25(OH)D were significantly higher in summer group than those of winter group in both patient and control groups (P<0.008 3). The proportion of patients with serious deficiency of 25(OH)D was significantly higher in spring and winter groups in patient group, which was significantly lower in summer group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in patients with serious deficiency of 25(OH)D between four seasons (P<0.01). For control group, there was a higher proportion of cases with deficiency of 25(OH)D in four seasons, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of seasons (P>0.05). In patient group, there were 107 cases of caseous necrosis type, 56 cases of hyperplasia type, and the proportion of caseous necrosis type was significantly higher in the severe deficiency group (79.17%, 76/96) than that of deficiency group (46.27%, 31/67, P<0.01). Conclusion Excluding the effect of season, vitamin D deficiency is associated with susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis and histopathologic classification.

With thousands of sequenced 16 S rRNA genes available,and advancements in oligonucleotide microarray technology,the detection of microorganisms in microbial communities consisting of hundreds of species may be possible.The existing algorithms developed for sequence-specific probe design are not suitable for applications in large-scale bacteria detection due to the lack of coverage,flexibility and efficiency.Many other strategies developed for group-specific probe design focus on how to find a unique group-specific probe that can specifically detect all target sequences of a group.Unique group-specific probe for each group can not always be found.Hence,it is necessary to design non-unique probes.Each probe can specifically detect target sequences of a different subgroup.Combination of multiple probes can achieve higher coverage.However,it is a time-consuming task to evaluate all possible combinations.A feasible algorithm using relative entropy and genetic algorithm (GA) to design group-specific non-unique probes was presented.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) in pediatrics.MethodsA total of 131 non-duplicate clinical isolates of K.pneumoniae were collected in the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics from 2010 to 2012.PMQR genes [qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr and qepA], mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) and extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) genes in those strains were analyzed by PCR.Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of different antibiotics against those K.pneumoniae strains were determined by broth microdilution method and E-test according to the guidelines issued by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Transferability of the PMQR genes was examined by conjugation test with the sodiumazide-resistant Escherichia coli J53.Results Among the 131 isolates, 9.92% were resistant to quinolone and 30.5% were positive for PMQR genes, including 6.87% harboring qnrB gene, 22.9% harboring qnrS gene and 4.58% harboring aac(6′)-Ⅰb-cr gene.Neither qnrA-positive nor qepA-positive strain was detected.Among these PMQR genes-positive isolates, 90% were ESBLs-producing strains and two presented mutations in gyrA and parC genes.Conjugation test showed that these PMQR genes could be transferred horizontally and the ciprofloxacin resistance increased 2 to 32 folds in transconjugants.Conclusion This study indicates that the PMQR gene-carrying rate is high in K.pneumoniae strains isolated in paediatrics in China.Most of the PMQR gene-positive strains are also ESBLs-producing strains.The PMQR genes could be transferred horizontally in bacteria.

Objective To evaluate the medium and long term safety and efficacy of sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) performed with conventional instruments in treating stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ pelvic organ prolapse (POP).Methods A prospective cohort analysis was conducted in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital,between May 2007 and June 2015,enrolling 55 women with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ POP who intended to receive SSLF.Primary end points were objective success rates using pelvic organ prolapse quantitation system (POP-Q) and subjective satisfaction rates with questionnaires after surgery according to vaginal examination and related questionnaires for all patients who received SSLF eventually.Exploratory outcomes included perioperative parameters and complications.Results Of these 55 POP patients enrolled,52 (95％,52/55) received SSLF using conventional surgical instruments,the other 3 cases converted to ischial spinous fascia fixation due to difficulty exposing.Medium blood loss during operation was 100 ml (20-300 ml) and operative time 60 minutes (20-165 minutes).Pelvic hematoma with diameters of 5 cm and 7 cm were observed in two patients,both recovered fully with conservative methods.All patients were able to micturate spontaneously after catheter withdrawal.One patient reported right thigh pain after operation which remained till 3-month follow-up and relieved after physiotherapy.The objective success rate was 100％ (52/52) at 3 months.With a medium follow-up time of 23.7 months,the objective success rate was 98％ (51/52),the recurrence rate was 2％ (1/52) and the satisfactory rate was 94％ (49/52).De novo urinary incontinence occurred in 6％ (3/52) of patients.Conclusion Most POP could be corrected with SSLF using conventional instruments which is a feasible,economic and effective procedure for Asian patients with medium compartment prolapse.