ObjectiveTo investigate the application of remifentanil and etomidate target controlled infusion anesthesia in operation for esophageal cancer and observe its effects on hemodynamics.Methods Sixty patients of esophageal cancer were divided into control group and observation group by random digits table with 30 cases each.The observation group was given remifentanil and etomidate for induction of the general anesthesia,while the control group was given remifentanil and propofol.The changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),postoperative spontaneous breathing recovery time,waking time,extubation time were observed.ResultsMAP after induction was lower than that lying for 10 minutes after entering operating room in two groups (P ＜ 0.05),and observation group was lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05).MAP,HR after 5 minutes extubation were higher than those lying for 10 minutes after entering operating room(P ＜ 0.05 ),and observation group was higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05 ).The postoperative spontaneous breathing recovery time,waking time,extubation time in observation group [ (5.3 ± 1.5 ),(6.4 ± 2.1 ),(8.4 ± 2.5 ) min ] were shorter than those in control group [ ( 16.9 ± 8.7 ),(21.3 ± 7.7),(23.7 ± 5.8)min],and there were significant differences (P ＜0.05).ConclusionRemifentanil and etomidate target controlled infusion anesthesia in operation for esophageal cancer can maintain the stability of blood concentration and hemodynamics,shorten the recovery time,and improve the quality of anesthesia recovery and safety.

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease in the aging population society. The incidence is increasing during these years. Elderly people especially postmenopausal women are of greatest susceptibility. Fracture and other complications caused by osteoporosis may affect patients' life span and the quality of life. It also increased medical costs. The principles of managing osteoporosis are understanding the risk factors and susceptible population; appropriate evaluating bone mass and multidisciplinary approach. The present paper reviewed the update of epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, evaluation methods and management of this disease.

Multidisciplinary team(MDT)diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer has been adopted by plenty of hospitals as a kind of effective comprehensive therapy.Compared with the traditional diagnosis and treatment methods,MDT diagnosis and treatment achieve standardization of diagnosis and treatment and technical promotion through specialization of the team to ensure better treatment and prognosis of patients.However,MDT diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer is not perfect,which can be limited by two aspects of hospitals and patients and can realize maximum utility with knowledge of its characteristics.This article will try to explore the distribution and usage of the resource in MDT diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer,the advantages over the traditional cure methods and the limits.

Objective To study the combination effectof curcumin and γray on the activity of human lung carcinoma NCI-H460 cells and explore the sensitization of curcumin to γray.Methods The NCI-H460 cells proliferation were detected by MTT,the cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry.The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western Blot and the NF-κB gene expression by RT-PCR.In addition,the mice model of lung cancer was randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,curcumin group,γ ray group and combination group.After 28 days,the tumor volume was measured.Results The proliferation and cell cycle of NCI-H460 cells were inhibited and the apoptosis was increased in combination group.In addition,compared with curcumin group or γray group,the expression of Bcl-2 was inhibited,but the expression of Bax was increased and the mRNA expression of NF-KB was inhibited in combination group(all P＜0.05).Also in combination group the tumor volume was significantly inhibited compared with curcumin group or γ ray group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Curcumin might induce the radiosensitivity of Human Lung Carcinoma NCI-H460 cells through the pathway.

Advances in hepatic surgical technique,perioperative care and improvements in patient selection criteria have increased the number of patients who could undergo major or extended hepatectomy with curative intent.Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is one of the most serious complications after liver resection.Different risk factors are related to the occurrence of PHLF,among surgery-related factors,massive bleeding and remnant liver volume were related to higher frequency of PHLF.The presence of diabetes and liver disease such as cirrhosis,cholestasis,steatosis had been involved with the occurrence of PHLF.So far there is no good method for the treatment of PHLF,so prevention is very important.

It is usually a challenge to repair the abdominal wall defect to general surgeons. With developing of materials science, the use of mesh provides a novel method of primary closure of abdominal wall defects in this set-ting. Recently , biological mesh has been reported to reconstruct abdominal wall successfully. This review is to in-troduce the recent status and progress on its biological characteristics,animal experiments and clinical Study.

Objective To determine the effects of lensspecific overexpression of OSM on the eye development. Methods A truncated mouse OSM cDNA (661 bp) was linked to the ?A-crystallin promoter. Transgenic mice were characterized by routine histological and immunohistochemical techiniques. TUNEL assays were used to detect cell death. The mRNA expression of caspase-3 was detected by in situ hybridization, Rabbit anti-cleavage caspase-3 antibody was used to detect active capase-3. Results At embryonic day (E) 14.5 and 17.5, expression of the OSM transgenic protein was detected specifically in lens fiber cells. The onset of retinal degeneration in the mid portion of the transgenic retinae was observed started from E17.5. By the time of birth 50% or more of the retinal cells were missing. The OSM transgenic retinal cells underwent apoptosis indicated by TUNEL assays. Most strikingly, activation of caspase-3 protein were observed throughout the transgenic retinas. Conclusions Lens-specific overexpression of OSM activate caspase-3, leading to abnormal eye development, apoptosis and widespread retinal degeneration.

Objective To determine the signal pathway of specifically expressed oncostatin M(OSM) in lens inducing retinal degeneration in transgenic mice. Methods A sequence-truncated OSM cDNA (661 bp) of mice was linked to ?A-crytallin promoter, and was micro-injected into unicellular embryo to set up the model of transgenic mice. Reversal transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of gp130/OSMR? receptor in the retinae of OSM transgenic and non-transgenic mice. Rabbit anti-phosphorylated STAT-3 antibody was used to detect the protein expression of phosphorylated STAT-3,and mouse anti-cytochrome C antibody was used to detect the distributing of cytochrome C in retinae. Results Expression of gp130/OSMR? mRNA was found in retina of non-transgenic mice. At the 17.5th day in the embryonic stage, significant accumulation of the phosphorylated STAT-3 was detected in the retinal nucleolus in OSM transgenic retina. At the first day after birth, intensive staining of cytochrome C in OSM transgenic retina was found. Conclusions specifically expressed OSM in lens may act on gp130/OSMR? receptor in retinae, activate STAT-3, and cause the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, which eventually induces widespread retinal degeneration.

Objective To study the distribution and tumor targeting property of anti-human prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA) monoclonal antibody Ed-5 labeled with ~ 131 I in nude mice bearing human prostate cancer. Methods The nude mice xenografted models of human prostate cancer were established. Anti-human PSMA monoclonal antibody Ed-5 was labeled with ~ 131 I. ~ 131 I-Ed-5 was injected through the tail vein of nude mice bearing human prostate cancer. r-ray scintigraphy was performed at 24,48,96 and 144 hours after injection. And then the mouse were killed, the radioactivity ratio of tumor and non-tumor (T/NT), percentage of injected dosage of every gram tissue (%ID/g) were measured, and the bio-distribution of the labeled antibody was determined. Results The tumor imaging was clearly visualized at 96 hours after ~ 131 I-Ed-5 injection, and the tumor brim was clearer along with time prolonging. Radioactivity assembled in the tumors 24 to 144 hours after ~ 131 I-Ed-5 injection. The tumor's %ID/g at 96 hours after injection was 32.30, the radioactivity ratio of tumor and various tissues reached a maximum, and that of tumor/muscle was 7.08. Conclusion Ed-5 exhibited excellent immunoreactivity and tumor targeting property, and had application potential in targeting diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combination of traditional educational methodology with problem-based learning pedagogy in urology.Method The traditional educational pedagogy of urological tuberculosis was modified by combining with PBL methodology.Result More students were interested and active in this pedagogy.Conclusion The combination of traditional educational methodology with PBL is a helpful pedagogy.