OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical characteristics of hospital infection and countermeasures urological surgery patients.METHODS The retrospective survey methods,statistical urology hospital infection rates,infection site,pathogen test results,the impact of infection on the prognosis and the risk factors for infection were analyzed.RESULTS The incidence of hospital infection was 9.30% and the infection sites were urinary tract(43),lower respiratory tract(16),upper respiratory tract(4),wound infection(10),gastrointestinal tract(antibiotic-associated diarrhea)(6) and oral cavity(1).The main pathogens(detection rate 76.05%) were Escherichia coli 20 cases,Klebsiella pneumoniae(8),coagulase-negative staphylococci in(6),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(5),Enterococcus(4),Proteus vulgaris(3),Staphylococcus aureus(2) and Candida albicans(6).The Older,the combined underlying diseases,the implementation of indwelling catheter,especially with a long time and long operation time,and hospital infections were the risk factors.Preventive use of antibiotics could not reduce hospital infections;The dead rate(3.75%) in infection group was higher than that in non-infected group(0.38%,P

Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Prunella Species from different places and evaluate it by cluster analysis.Methods:The analysis method of HPLC ngerprint was established.Alltima C18(4.6mm?250mm,5?m) was utilized for separation.The mobile phase consisted of methanol(A) and 0.5% glacial acetic acid(B) with a ow-rate of 1.0ml/min.The detection wavelength was 280nm and the injection volume was 20?l.The column temperature was 30℃.The HPLC ngerprints of Prunella Species from three di erent places were determined and analyzed by SPSS.Results:There is a big di erence among ngerprints of Prunella from di erent places.Prunella from Hubei,Anhui,Jiangxi,Guizhou,Guangxi,Sichuan were divided into a class;Henan,Jiangsu,Zhejiang were divided into another class.Conclusion:the eatsblished ngerprint showed characteristics of Prunella Species from di erent places obviously,and the attribute of Prunella Species can be distinguished e ectively by cluster analysis method.

AIM: To investigate the ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Sancao prescription (Spica prunellae, Oldenlandia diffuse (willd) Roxb, Herba agrimoniae) on the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549). METHODS: 95% ,60% and 30% ethanolic extract and aqueous extract were prepared from Sancao pre-scription. The MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory action against the proliferation of A549. RESULTS: IC_(50) of 60% ethanolic extract over A549 was one of the lowest in extracts. Combination of 60% and 90% ethanolic extract showed the synergistic antitumour activity. CONCLUSION: Ethanolic extract of Sancao prescription has and effect on human hung adenocarcinoma(A549).

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of various polarity fractions extracted from Sancaofang (SCF) and its combination on proliferation of human lung adenocarciaoma SPC-A-1 cells for bolting the most effective position of anti-tumor and suitable compatibility regimes.METHODS: Ethanol extraction and water extraction were adopted to prepare 95%,60% and 30% ethanol extract portion,water extract portion of SCF and compound decoction.The MTT assay was used to determine the effect of various polarity fractions of SCF,decoction and its combination on SPC-A-1 cells proliferation.RESULTS: IC50 of 60% ethanol extract was the smallest for SPC-A-1 cells.60% ethanol extract combined with 95% ethanol extract acts as a stimulus to anti-tumor activity significantly.CONCLUSION: The best suitable compatibility regimes were 95% ethanol extract combined with 60% ethanol extract.The liposolubility extract of SCF can be applied for anti-tumor.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the simultaneous determination of anticancer activity components of flavonoids from Hedyotis diffusa,i.e. quercetin,kaempferol. METHODS:HPLC was applied to determine the contents and performed on Alltima C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column. Mobile phase consisted of methanol(A)-0.5% glacial acetic acid,(gradient elution). The detection wavelength was aet at 350 nm. RESULTS:The linear range of quercetin was 0.006 2～0.244 0 ?g(r=0.999 8)and that of kaempferol 0.007 8～0.310 6 ?g(r=0.999 9). The average recovery of quercetin was 101.84%(RSD=1.79%,n=6) and that of kaempferol 99.04%(RSD=2.90%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible for the quality control of H. diffusa.

AIM:To establish an HPLC method for determining the contents of caffeic acid,quercetin and campherenol in Hedyotis diffusa Willd. METHODS:The samples were separated on an Alltima C 18 (250 mm? 4.6 mm,5 ?m) column with the mobile phase of MeOH(A)-0.5% glacial acetic acid solution;gradient elution(0～15 min,30%～60% A;15～30 min,60%～60% A).Flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 350 nm.Column temperature was at 30 ℃. RESULTS:The contents of caffeic acid,quercetin and campherenol were 14.218～23.695 ?g/g,9.919～25.564 ?g/g and 6.229～18.160 ?g/g in Hedyotis diffusa Willd from different sources. The linear range of caffeic acid was 0.005 0～0.200 0 ?g(r=0.999 9),the average recovery was 102.35%,RSD was 2.31%(n=6);The linear range of quercetin was 0.006 2～0.244 0 ?g(r=0.999 9),the average recovery was 101.84%,RSD was 1.79%(n=6);The linear range of campherenol was 0.007 8～ 0.310 6 ?g(r=0.999 9),the average recovery was 99.04%,RSD was 2.90%(n=6). CONCLUSION:The method for quantifying of caffeic acid,quercetin and campherenol in Hedyotis diffusa Willd is accurate and reliable.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for determination of baicalin in Chang’an capsule by RP-HPLC. METHODS:HPLC was performed on C 18 column with methanol-0.07%phosphoric acid solution(44∶56)as mobile phase at a flow rate of lml/min and the temperature of column kept at room temperature.The UV detection wavelength was280nm.RESULTS:The linear range of baicalin was sample size0.1054?g～1.0540?g(r=0.9996),the average recovery was97.44%(RSD=2.92%,n=5).CONCLUSION:The method was simple,accurate and fast,and can be used for the determination of baicalin.

AIM:To explore an ideal method to induce the differen-tiation of human umbilical cord mesenchy-mal stem cells (hUCMSCs) into neuron-like cells and to provide some evidence for the transplantation of hUCMSCs for spi-nal cord injury .METHODS:The hUCMSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord digested with collagenase Ⅱ.The hUCMSCs was verified by flow cytometry analysis .The passage 5 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups.The differentiation of hUCMSCs was induced by bFGF in group A , bFGF and BDNF in group B, or BHA, bFGF and BDNF in group C, while the cells in group D served as a control group cultured with DMEM-F12 and 10%FBS.Two weeks later , the expression of nestin , neurofilament protein H ( NEFH) and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP) was detected by real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry .The morphological changes of cells were observed under an atomic force microscope . RESULTS:Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured from human umbilical cord by enzyme digestion .hUCMSCs expressed CD29, CD44 and CD105, but no CD34, CD45 or HLA-DR.After cultured with inducing medium for 2 weeks, the cells were successfully induced into neuron-like cells.The appearance of the cells had great change .The induced hUC-MSCs developed round cell bodies with multiple neurite-like extensions observed under an atomic force microscope .The re-sult of real-time PCR showed that nestin was positive in A , B and C groups , and NEFH was positive in A and B groups , but GFAP was negative in 4 groups.The difference of nestin and NEFH expression among the induced groups was signifi -cant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured from human umbilical cord by en-zyme digestion in vitro, and all the hUCMACs presented stable biological properties .Moreover, hUCMSCs were induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells in vitro via bFGF combined with BDNF .

Objective:To compare the maxillary sinus mucosa's stress distribution when elevated by three lift materials.Methods:Three Finite element models of maxillary sinus mucosa with 0.3 mm thickness elevated by implant,grafting autogenous cancellous bone and hydroxyapatite respectively were established in the specific units.ANSYS finite element analysis software was used to evaluate maxillary sinus mucosa deformation by the simulated closed sinus lift surgery.Differences of Von Mises stress values of mucosa surface were calculated when maxillary sinus mucosa lift height was increased from 1 mm to 5 mm according to the a large deformation theory. Results:The Von Mises stress values on membrane surface elevated by implant,grafting autogenous cancellous bone and hydroxyapa-tite bone substitute materials showed no difference within 5 mm elevation.Conclusion:Closed maxillary sinus floor lifting operation with implant elevating the maxillary sinus membrane directly is a simple and minimally invasive way for sinus floor elevation.

Objective:To determine the expression of the full-length (NK1R-FL) and truncated (NK1R-Tr) neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) and the neurokinin-2 receptor (NK2R) in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, as well as to study the effects of the NK1R and NK2R antagonists on the growth of breast cancer cells. Methods:Immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays were used to detect NK1R, NK1R-FL, and NK2R expression in clinical samples of primary breast cancer tissue, benign lesions, and normal breast tissue, as well as in different breast cancer cell lines. Cell proliferation and soft agar growth tests were performed on cells treated with the NK1R and NK2R antagonists to study the ectopic overexpression of NK1R-FL and NK1R-Tr in breast cancer cell lines. Results:Total NK1R expression was detected in the breast cancer tissues, benign lesions, and normal breast tissues. Compared with the normal breast epithe-lia and benign breast lesions, the expression levels of NK1R-FL and NK2R decreased in the carcinoma. These changes were also relat-ed to the carcinoma type, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, HER2 and Ki-67 expression, and estrogen and progesterone recep-tors in breast cancer. The expression levels of NK1R-FL and NK2R were high in the HBL-100 breast cell lines of para-neoplastic tis-sues, but NK1R-Tr expression was low. The MDA-MB-231, T-47D, and MCF-7 cells only expressed NK1R-Tr. NK1R-Tr or NK1R-FL overexpression caused the decreased inhibition rate or increased levels of the NK1R and NK2R antagonists in the breast cancer cells. Conclusion:NK1R-FL and NK2R are co-expressed in normal cells. NK1R-Tr is highly expressed in breast cancer cells and exerts nega-tive feedback to regulate NK1R-FL and NK2R expression in all cells, especially cancer cells.