Objective To determine the status of self-efficacy and self-care agency of the empty nest elderly patients in the community,and analyze their correlation. Methods A total of 320 empty nest elderly with chronic disease in Fushun, Liaoning Province. The General Information Questionnaire, Exercise of Self-Care Agency scale (ESCA) and the Chronic Disease Self-efficacy Scale were used to investigate the empty nest elderly with chronic disease in the community and analyze the present situation level of the self-care agency and the self-efficacy and the correlation between them. Results General data showed no significant difference between solitary empty-nest elderly and connubial empty-nest elderly (P>0.05). Solitary empty-nest elderly got (93.36 ± 13.49) points and (5.22 ± 0.62) points in ESCA and the Chronic Disease Self-efficacy Scale,which were lower than (98.10±11.34) points and (5.32±0.30) points of connubial empty-nest elderly, the difference was statistically significant (t=-0.866,-0.467, P<0.05). There was significantly positive correlation between self-efficacy and self-care agency (r=0.318, P<0.01). Conclusions There is positive correlation between self-efficacy and self-care agency. It is suggested to implement community-based nursing interventions to enhance their self-efficacy and to promote their self-care agency,there by to improve their quality of life .

Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Humans

Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; methods

Brain ; physiopathology ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Time Factors

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Spasms, Infantile ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective There are two main functions of gastrointestinal tract,digestion and absorption,and barrier function.The latter has an important defensive effect,which keeps the body away from the invading and damaging of bacteria and endotoxin.It maintains the systemic homeostasis.Intestinal dysfunction would happen when body suffers from diseases or harmful stimulations.The more serious intestinal disorders would harm the intestinal protective mechanism,or intestinal barrier function,and bacterial/endotoxin translocation,of intestinal failure(IF) would ensue.This article provides a critical review of the evidence indicating that an increase in bacterial translocation is associated with sepsis,and even the multiple organ failure syndrome in critically ill patients.The in-transit microorganisms play an essential role in the homeostasis of local and systemic immunity.Methods All studies published from 2000 to June 2005 about intestinal permeability,bacterial translocation,and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were located by search of PubMed.Results Clinical and experimental studies investigating the correlation between bacterial translocation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome,associated with the damage of the gut barrier function.To keep the mucosal barrier function intact is one of the main issues in the prevention of bacterial translocation.This could be achieved by the adequate delivery of oxygen and nutrient supplementation to the gut.Enteral nutrition,probiotic can be a good choice.Conclusion With a better understanding of the bacteria-host interactions in health and the alterations induced by critical illness,new therapies that improve the environment of both may lead to better recovery rates in intensive care unit patients.

Objective To investigate the association between systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and polymorphism of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene(CTLA-4) and the effect on ANA and anti-dsDNA antibody.Methods The A/G substitution was investigated in the exon 1 position 49 in 92 SLE patients and 60 controls by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).ANA and anti-dsDNA antibody were examined by indirect fluorescence immunoassay.Results SLE patients had significantly higher frequencies of the CTLA-4+49GG allele than controls(P

AIM: To optimize the method of extracion and isolation for anthraquinone component from rhubarb for increasing the extraction rate and purity. METHODS: Rhubarb was extracted 4 times in the refluxing method with ethanol. The borate buffer solution was used as extracted fluid. Rhein, rheum emodin and chrysophanol could be obtained by Deltar 4 000 high-pressure making system, and the pure product obtained by recrystallizing with acetone. The YWG C 18 column was (4.6?250) mm, the flow rate 1.0 ml. min -1, and UV detection wavelength 254 nm. Methanol, water and acid perchloride were taken as mobile phase with the ratio of 910.01. RESULTS: Deltar 4000 high-pressure making system could be used to isolate the anthraquinone component from rhubarb, the purity of rhein, rheum emodin and chrysophanol was more than 80%, and the ertraction rate of rheum emodin reached 0.6%. CONCLUSION: The extraction of the anthraquinone component is simple and cheap with ethanol from rhubarb, and the extraction rate is high. Deltar 4000 high pressure making system can be used to isolate the anthraquinone component from rhubarb with a high the extraction rate and purity.

Establishment of bioassay methods is the technical issues to be faced with in the bioassay of Chinese materia medica. Taking the bioassay of Coptis chinensis Franch. as an example, the establishment process and application of the bioassay methods (including bio-potency and bio-activity fingerprint) were explained from the aspects of methodology, principle of selection, experimental design, method confirmation and data analysis. The common technologies were extracted and formed with the above aspects, so as to provide technical support for constructing pattern and method of the quality control for Chinese materia medica based on the dao-di herbs and bioassay.