Child ; Humans ; Nephrology ; Pediatrics

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)is a new type technique of gel electrophoresis which can be used to separate large DNA molecules.It has been widely applied to the karyotype analysis,identification of species groups,genetic orientation and genetic analysis for fungi.This article describes the principle,development and general manipulative procedure of PFGE,and elaborates the application in the molecular research of fungi.

Objective To detect genetic alterations in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), and to investigate the mechanism of development of this neoplasm. Methods Three patients with PXA were studied. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed to study chromosomal imbalances in PXA. Using immunohistochemical analysis, the expression of EGFR was detected in PXA. Results Using CGH analysis, genetic imbalance was detected on at least one chromosome for each case. One patient revealed multiple genetic alterations, including gains of 2p14-pter, 4p15-pter, 7p21-qter, 11q24-qter, 12 and 15q14-qter,as well as losses of 8p11.2-pter, 9p11-p23, 10p12-pter, and 13q14-qter. This patient experienced tumor recurrence and died one year later. Gain on Chromosome 7 and loss on Chromosome 8p were demonstrated in 2 of the 3 patients. Immunohistochemically, no EGFR positive reaction was found in all cases. Conclusion Detection of genetic alterations is very important in understanding the pathogenesis of PXA.

Objective To evaluate beam-hardening (BH) artifact reduction of myocardium in coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA)with single-source dual-energy CT. Methods Thirty patients received CCTA on single-source dual-energy CT with findings of coronary artery stenosis<50%were enrolled in this study prospectively. Scanning mode was gemstone spectral imaging (GSI), single-source instantaneous(0.5 ms)kVp(140 kVp and 80 kVp)switch. The original images acquired by scanning were
reconstructed into monochromatic energy (60,70,80,90,100,110,120,130,140 keV) left vertical short-axis images via 40% ASIR and the polychromatic left vertical short-axis images were conventionally reconstructed. CT values were measured across multiple segments (basal anterior, basal lateral, basal inferior , basal septal, mid anterior, mid lateral, mid inferior , mid septal, apical anterior, apical lateral, apical inferior , apical septal and apex)of left ventricle wall at varying monochromatic energy levels and polychromatic images, and then the left ventricular myocardial average CT value and BH objective value were calculated retrospectively:BH1=CT value of mid inferior wall-CT value of basal inferior wall ,BH2=CT value of mid septal wall-CT value of mid inferior wall. BH subjective rating were evaluated by two radiologists independently. Single sample t test was used to compare the difference of myocardial CT values among 13 segments with the left ventricular myocardial average CT value on polychromatic images ;Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the difference of CT values among thirteen different segments of myocardium on fixed monochromatic energy images; Wilcoxon rank test was used to compare the difference of BH objective value and subjective rating between monochromatic images with polychromatic images. Results On polychromatic images, the mean myocardial CT value was(73 ± 25)HU, the CT value of basic inferior[(58±23)HU], basic septal[(85±21)HU], mid septal[(89±24)HU], apical anterior[(64±23)HU]and apex [(61 ± 24)HU ] were different from the mean myocardial CT value(t value were -3.76,2.89,3.50,-2.30, -2.86,P all<0.05),the differences of CT value between other myocardial segments and the mean myocardial CT value had no statistical significance(P all>0.05). The differences of CT value of different myocardial segments had statistical significance at 60 to 80 keV images(P all<0.05), the differences of CT value of different myocardial segments had no statistical significance at 90 to 140 keV images(P all>0.05), suggesting that the non-uniformity of CT value among different segments was improved. On polychromatic images,BH1 M(P25,P75)was 11(6,28),BH2 M(P25,P75)was 19(1,29) HU. BH1 was improved on 90 to 140 keV images while BH2 was improved on 70 to 140 keV images, the difference had statistical significance compared with the polychromatic images(P all<0.05). BH1,BH2 decreased with the increasing of monochromatic energy level on 60 to 100 keV images, then increased a little on 110,120 keV images, and hit bottom on 130 keV images with the value of 5.20,0.34 HU ,finally exist a slight increase on 140 keV images again. On polychromatic images,BH1,BH2 subjective rating M(P25,P75)both were 1(1,2), BH1 subjective rating was improved on 70 to 140 keV images while BH2 subjective rating was improved on 90 to 140 keV , the difference had statistical significance compared with the polychromatic images(P all<0.05). Conclusion Compared with the polychromatic images,monochromatic energy images of CCTA with dual-energy CT resulted in significant BH artifact reduction and improvements in the uniformity in the myocardium, and 130 keV is the optimal Monochromatic energy.

PurposeTo evaluate the motion correction algorithm (snapshot freeze, SSF) and multi-cycle reconstruction on the imaging quality and interpretation of coronary CT angiography (CCTA).Materials and Methods Sixty patients with suspected coronary heart disease were divided into two groups according to the heart rate. Twenty-ifve patients with heart rate ≤65 beats per minute underwent prospectively ECG-gated CCTA on gemstone CT. Image quality and interpretability of standard (STD) and SSF reconstructions at 75% R-R interval were compared. Thirty-five patients with heart rate>65 beats per minute underwent retrospective ECG-gated CCTA. Image quality and interpretability of STD and SSF reconstructions at 45% and 75% R-R interval were compared. The image qualities and interpretability were assessed based on coronary artery segment, coronary artery bifurcation and overall coronary artery.Results For 25 patients with prospectively ECG gated CCTA, SSF reconstructions showed higher interpretability than STD reconstructions on per-segment level [96.3% (341/354)vs 90.7% (321/354),P<0.01]. Image qualities with SSF were higher than that with STD reconstructions for left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA). There was no statistic significance for left main coronary artery (P>0.05). For 35 patients with retrospective ECG-gate CCTA, SSF reconstructions at 45% R-R interval showed higher interpretability (P<0.01,P<0.001). But there were no signiifcant difference for 75% R-R interval images (P>0.05). Image qualities with SSF were higher than that with single and double sector STD reconstructions (P<0.001). The image qualities were signiifcant different among SSF, single and double sector STD reconstructions for 45% R-R interval images of LM (P<0.01), but it was similar for 75% R-R interval images (P>0.05). There were signiifcant different for LAD, LCX and RCA on both 45% and 75% R-R interval images (P<0.01,P<0.001). Conclusion SSF may improve the image quality and interpretability of CCTA images using prospectively and retrospective ECG-gated techniques, especially for improving the image quality.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of head acupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques on movement function of upper limbs after stroke.Methods80 patients with stroke were divided randomly into four groups, group 1 for head acupuncture and rehabilitation techniques, group 2 for rehabilitation techniques, group 3 for head acupuncture and group 4 for control. Fugl Meyer Assessment(FMA) and Facility Assessment For Function of Upper Limbs were applied to assess movement function before and after treatment.ResultsThe scores of FMA and Facility Assessment For Function of Upper Limbs rised more significantly in group 1,2, and 3 than group 4 (P<0.01) and group 1 outgo group 2,3 yet(P<0.05).Conclusions Head acupuncture combined with rehabilitation techniques can improve the movement function of upper limbs of the stroke patients.

This paper was aim to optimize the purification technology of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with macroporous adsorption resin. With the content of manninotriose as index, the absorptive flow and time were investigated, as well as kinds, amount, flow of eluent. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin was the best choice for the purification of manninotriose. The optimized parameters were as follows: the content of manninotriose at 161.16-53.72 mg x g(-1), absorption time 240 min, eluting solvent of purified water, volume flow at 1.5 BV x h(-1), and eluant volume at 6 BV. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin could significantly increase the purity of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with the advantage of high absorption, remove most part of impurity, and the effect of semi-works production was better.
Adsorption ; Chemical Fractionation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rehmannia ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

Objective To explore the effect of chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 on proliferation,migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.Methods CXCR4 and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expression of human ovarian cancer cell line CAOV3 was detected by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry.Integrin ?1 and vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C)mRNA expression were detected in CAOV3 cells stimulated by CXCL12.The CAOV3 cells were divided into 6 groups:control group(un-stimulated),experimental group 1(stimulated by 100 ng/ml CXCL12),experimental group 2 (stimulated by 10 ng/ml CXCL12),experimental group 3(100 ng/ml CXCL12 and 10 ?g/ml neutralizing CXCR4 antibody),experimental group 4(100 ng/ml CXCL12 and 1 ?g/ml CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100),experimental group 5(10 ?g/ml neutralizing CXCR4 antibody or ascites).Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)was used to analyze the effects of different concentrations of CXCL12 on CAOV3 cell proliferation.Transwell invasion chamber and reconstructed basement membrane(Matrigel)were used to evaluate effect of various concentrations of CXCL12 and ascites on CAOV3 cell migration and invasion. Results CAOV3 cells expressed CXCR4 mRNA(0.70?0.10)and protein,but did not express CXCL12 mRNA or protein.Immunostaining of CXCR4 was mainly located in cytoplasm.CXCR4 mRNA was up- regulated after 100 ng/ml CXCL12 stimulation(1.24?0.14;t=-7.1088,P=0.0021).Integrin ?1 mRNA was greatly increased at 3 hours by stimulation of 100 ng/ml CXCL12(before and after stimulation 0.53?0.10,1.53?0.16;P0.05).Experimental group 1 stimulated the migration and invasion of CAOV3 cells in chemotaxis assay compared with control group and experimental group 2(number of cell migration respectively 523.3?25.2,108.0?7.2,211.7 ?24.7,number of cell invasion respectively 39.3?4.0,4.0?1.0,15.7?3.1;P

Objective To study the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Methods To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 28 cases with malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors underweat surgical treatment . Results The malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor in adults were more than 50 years old,71.4%(20/28) ,and common clinical symptoms were gastrointestinal bleeding,anemia,and pain. The lesion site: 19 cases of gastric bowel, 8 cases of small intestine, 1 case of colon, radical excision in 22 cases, local excision palliative resection in 5 cases, three cases were multi-visceral resection. Conclusion Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor could be diagnosed by the means of endoscopic imaging and clear,and preoperative diagnosis was difficult. Surgical resection was the pathology diagnosis and treatment of primary method,if necessary,to ensure multi-visceral resection of the tumor to prevent recurrence of thoroughness, had important significance.

With the advanced development of information technology, there is a huge impact on various industries for the arrival of big data. In the biomedical field, innovative genome sequencing technology enables low-cost, high-throughput, and high-speed to become a reality, which leads to an explosive growth in data and also appeared in an urgent need to process those massive biological information. High performance computing (HPC) along with effective methods is one of the best ways to deal with the problem of big data in biomedical field which could serve the biomedical development best. We discussed the issues faced in biomedical big data processing and concluded that the bioinformatics is an indispensable component of biomedical technologies.
Biomedical Research ; trends ; Computational Biology ; Computing Methodologies ; Humans