OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between Angle's class III patients' occlusion plane and anterior overbite by controlling the changes in occlusion plane during orthodontic treatment.

METHODSIn total, 90 Angle's class III adult orthodontic patients were selected as the experimental group, and 30 normal adults were selected as the control group. According to the overbite, the class III patients were divided into three groups, and 14 indicators were measured. ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis were used to analyze the difference between class III patients, and linear analysis was used to analyze the correlation between anterior overbite and anterior-posterior occlusion plane.

RESULTSIn class Ill patients, posterior occlusion plane and anterior overbite size were negatively correlated (r = -0.24, P < 0.05), whereas anterior occlusal plane and anterior overbite size were positive correlated (r = 0.23, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe shape of the occlusion plane varies in different anterior overbite patients. During orthodontic treatment in different overbite class III patients, the vertical height of the posterior teeth and the rotation of the occlusion plane should be controlled.

Objective To detect the expression of SSX and to correlate it with clinical indicators of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods The expression of SSX1-5 mRNA and SSX1 protein were respectively detected by RT-PCR and Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining.The relation between the expression of SSX mRNA and SSX1 protein with clinical indicators were analysed.Results SSX1,SSX2,and SSX3 mRNA were expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines BEL-7404,Hep G2,and SMMC-7721.In 26 HCC samples,SSX1-SSX5 mRNA was detectable in 53.8％,42.3％,50.0％,46.2％ and 26.9％.The expression of SSX1 mRNA was not related to serum AFP levels (P ＞0.05).Specific expression was both found in the normal group and the high value group.The expression rate of SSX1 mRNA was 85.7％ in the older group,which was higher than in the younger group (16.7％,P ＜ 0.05).The expression rate of SSX1 protein was 50％ in HCC tissues,which was not seen in the caner-adjacent or cirrhosis tissues.In 49 HCC paraffin tissue section samples,the expression rate of SSX1 protein was higher than that in caner-adjacent tissues (46.9％ vs 18.4％,P ＜ 0.05).The expression rate of SSX1 protein was 68.3％ in the large hepatocellular carcinoma group,which was higher than in the small hepatocellular carcinoma group (29.6％),(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions SSX1 mRNA is expressed with a high percentage and specificity in HCC and their products are new potential promising targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy of HCC.The detection of SSX1 expression has the potential value for auxiliary diagnosis of HCC.

OBJECTIVEThis review aims to identify the dimensional structure of the shortened dentine hypersensitivity experience questionnaire (DHEQ-15) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

METHODSThe Chinese language version of DHEQ-15 was applied to 210 patients with dentine hypersensitivity aged 18-70 years old. The three-dimensional construct was confirmed by CFA.

RESULTSAll the questionnaires were fully completed. The item "Because of the sensations, I take longer to finish a meal than others" was the most frequently reported by the parents. The modified three-factor model is suitable for the data. The chi-square fit statistics/degree of freedom was 2.213, the goodness-of-fit index was 0.905, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872, the normed fit index was 0.845, the incremental fit index was 0.962, the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.969, the comparative fit index was 0.977, and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.068.

CONCLUSIONSOur findings generally support the three-dimensional construct of the DHEQ-15. Thus, DHEQ-15 can be used as a valid instrument in patients with dentine hypersensitivity in China.

Objective Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 ( PDX-1) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetes.More importantly,its potential application in insulin resistance (IR) improvement is attracting further attention .Berberine has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and insulin resistance .In this study,rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) were established by combination of intraperitoneal injection of low -dose streptozotocin and highg-lucose-high-fat diet induction .The effect of berberine on fasting glucose , fasting serum insulin , homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( HOMAI-R) , and ex-pression of PDX -1 of islet in T2DM rats were analyzed .The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic efficacy of berberine and study the mechanism of its preliminary therapeutic effects .Methods Twenty healthy adult male Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were di-vided by random number table into the normal control group ( n =6) feeding with a standard diet ,and the experimental group ( n =14 ) given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin .The rats with fasting blood glucose ( FBG) greater than 13.8 mmol/L were ran-domly divided into diabetes mellitus group feeding high sugar high fat diet for two weeks and then continuing with a standard diet , and the berberine group given berberine [180 mg /(kg· d)] every day.The normal control group and diabetes mellitus group were given physiological saline for every day 6 weeks.At the end of 6th week, the rats were executed , and the levels of fasting glucose, fasting se-rum insulin, HOMA-IR, and expression of PDX-1 in pancreas islet of each group were detected .The expression of PDX1-in pancreas islet was examined by immunohistochemistry .The image pro plus 6.0software was used to calculate the integrated optical density ( IOD) of positive expression .Results Compared with the normal control group , FBG, fasting insulin levels ( FINS) , and HOMA-IR of the diabetes mellitus group and berberine group were significantly increased ( P <0.05 ) .Compared with the diabetes mellitus group, FBG, FINS, and HOMA-IR of the berberine group were statistically significantly decreased [ ( 13.11 ±6.87 ) mmol/L vs (18.45 ±4.69) mmol L/, (2.58 ±0.34) μIU/ml vs (2.98 ±0.40) μIU/ml, 1.60 ±0.91 vs 2.75 ±0.28, P <0.05].Compared with the normal control group , the expression of PDX-1 of the islet in the diabetes mellitus group and berberine group was statistically significantly decreased ( P <0.05).After treatment with berberine, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, and IOD of PDX-1 in pancreas islet of berberine treatment rats were significantly increased compared with the diabetes mellitus group ( 9.14 ±1.51 vs 6.79 ±0.98 , P <0.01 ) .Conclusions The increases of PDX-1 in islet may be one of the mechanism in the improvement of hyperglycemia .

Recently traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced liver injury has been an unresolved critical issue which impacts TCM clinical safety. The premise and key step to reduce or avoid drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is to identify the drug source of liver injury in early stage. Then the timely withdrawal of drug and treatment can be done. However, the current diagnosis of DILI is primarily governed by exclusive method relying on administering history supplied by patients and experience judgment from doctors, which lacks objective and reliable diagnostic indices. It is obvious that diagnosis of TCM-induced liver injury is especially difficult due to the complicated composition of TCM medication, as well the frequent combination of Chinese and Western drugs in clinic. In this paper, we proposed construction of research pattern and method for objective identification of TCM-related DILI based on translational toxicology, which utilizes clinical specimen to find specific biomarkers and characteristic blood-entering constituents, as well the clinical biochemistry and liver biopsy. With integration of diagnosis marker database, bibliographic database, medical record database and clinical specimen database, an integrative diagnosis database for TCM-related DILI can be established, which would make a transformation of clinical identification pattern for TCM-induced liver injury from subjective and exclusive to objective and index-supporting mode. This would be helpful to improve rational uses of TCM and promote sustainable development of TCM industry.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; methods ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Rats

Anelectrochemicallyreducedgrapheneoxide/goldnanoparticle-chitosan(ERGO/AuNP-CS) composite film modified glassy carbon electrode ( GCE) was constructed by directly electrochemical reduction of GO, and then assembly of AuNP-CS polycation on the surface. The surface morphologies of different modified electrodes including bare GCE, GCE/GO, GCE/ERGO and GCE/ERGO/AuNP-CS were characterized by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) . The differential pulse voltammetric behaviors of the electrodes were investigated, and the results indicated that the composite of ERGO/AuNP-CS exhibited excellent electrocatalytic oxidation activity to uric acid ( UA) molecule. In 0. 10 mol/L of phosphate buffer solution (pH=6. 5) with a scanning rate of 100 mV/s, the proposed composite film modified electrode showed a linear electrochemical response to UA in the range of 0 . 05-110 μmol/L with a detection limit of 12. 4 nmol/L ( S/N = 3 ). The electrode displayed good selectivity, reproducibility and stability in the determination of UA in human serum and urine samples with a recovery of 93 . 8%-104 . 1%. The detection results were agreed with those of conventional spectrophotometry and uricase Kit methods.

Objective To discuss the feasibility and short-term clinical effectiveness of DSA-guided percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for the treatment of painful osteoblastic metastatic spinal lesions. Methods During the period from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2011 at authors’ hospital PVP was carried out in 23 patients with osteoblastic spinal metastases (34 lesions in total). Coexisting osteoblastic pathological fracture was found in twelve patients. The WHO standards, visual analogue scale (VAS) and karnofsky-KPS score were used to evaluate the therapeutic results. Results Technical success was achieved in all patients. All patients were followed up for at least 3 months. Of 20 patients who had complete clinical data, complete remission (CR) was obtained in 6, partial remission (PR) in 10, mild remission (MR) in 3 and no remission (NR) in one. The clinical effectiveness (CR+PR) was 80%. The mean VAS scores dropped from preoperative (7.0 ± 1.6) to (2.2 ± 1.9) at 24 hours after the treatment, and to (2.4 ± 2.1) and (2.5 ± 2.1) at one and three months after the treatment respectively. The mean KPS scores rose from preoperative (76.5 ± 10.4) to (86.5 ± 11.8), (88.0 ± 12.0) and (89.0 ± 10.8) at 24 hours and one, three months after the treatment respectively. Small amount leakage of PMMA was observed in 4 cases (17.4%) with no obvious clinical symptoms. Conclusion DSA-guided PVP is a feasible and effective treatment for painful osteoblastic spinal metastases. This therapy can immediately relieve pain and reinforce spine, besides, it can remarkably improve the living quality and
decrease the incidence of paraplegia.

BACKGROUND: There is often a physical and psychosocial effect in burn injury, and the degree of mental stress reaction is related to social support, individual experience and personality characteristics.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mental stress reaction, the degree of social support and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)personality characteristics in acute burn patients, and to analysis the influence factor of mental stress reaction.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: West China Mental Health Center of Sichuan University, Burn Department of Mianyang Municipal Central Hospital, and Burn Department of General Hospital of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company.PARTICIPANTS: From April 2003 to April 2005, totally 104 mild, moderate or severe burn patients, including 92 males and 12 females, aged 12-60 years, selected from Mianyang Central Hospital and Department of burn of General Hospital of Panzhihua Iron & Steel Co., Ltd took part in the study.METHODS: The emotional problems and personality characteristics were measured with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA), the Minnesote Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Social Support Rating Scale (SS) as well as general clinical data,by the rating scales 3 day after burn. The patients were divided into anxiety-depression group (n=51) and normal emotion group (n=53) according to their anxiety-depression scores (anxious score＞ 7,depressive score＞ 8), those influencing factor included burning total area,age, sex and society support, Stepwise Regression was introduced to get the main factors that influenced mental stress reaction.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Scores of each scale and comparison of general clinical data in each group; ② stepwise regression analysis of depression and anxiety of burn patients.RESULTS: Data of Totally 104 patients was entered the final analysis. ①The scores were 10.4±2.46 and 16.8±5.94 of anxious and depressive patients during acute burn period, which were higher than those in normal group (4.29±2.26, 5.48±2.06, P=0.01). ② The main influential factor for depression were burning area and social supporting availability, and those for anxiety were age, burning area, social supporting availability and subjective social supporting degree. ③ MMPI test results show that T scores in anxiety-depression group were below 60 points, however T-scores were above 60 points in normal group including cheating points, hypomania,schizophrenia, psychasthenia and paranoid ideation CONCLUSION: Burn is a mental crisis to burn patients, which can lead to abnormal emotional reaction and personality change. The depressive and anxious score are positively related with burning area, and are negatively correlated with society supporting availability. The good social support system is benefit to over mental crisis period.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and duodenumpreserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR,including Beger,Frey and Berne procedures)for the treatment of chronic pancreatitis (CP) with mass in the head of the pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 48 patients with CP who were admitted to the Armed Police Corps Hospital of Hunan province(13) and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (35) between January 2007 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The operation methods were selected according to clinical symptoms,imaging findings and intraoperative pathological examinations.Twenty-three patients receiving PD (Whipple procedure or pylorus-preserving PD) were allocated into PD group and 25 receiving DPPHR (Beger,Frey and Berne procedures) were allocated into DPPHR group.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,rate of postoperative pain relief,changes of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function,complications,duration of hospital stay and hospital expenses in the 2 groups were analyzed.Patients were followed up by telephone interview and outpatient examination up to September 2014.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as (x) ± s.Comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test.Count data were analyzed using chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Results Of the 23 patients in the PD group,15 patients received Whipple procedure and 8 patients received pylorus preserving PD.Of 25 patients in the DPPHR group,8 patients received Beger procedure,13 patients received Frey procedure and 4 patients received Berne procedure.The operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (5.5 ± 0.4) hours,(372 ± 174) mL in the PD group,and (4.2 ± 0.6) hours,(272 ± 114) mL in the DPPHR group,showing significant differences between the 2 groups (t =8.712,2.375,P ＜ 0.05).Three patients had massive hemorrhage in the PD group and 2 patients receiving Beger procedure had massive hemorrhage due to portal vein injury,with no significant difference (x2=0.010,P ＞ 0.05).The intraoperative pathologic examinations of frozen section showed chronic inflammation in all pancreatic tissue samples with fibrous tissue proliferations.Overall pain relief rate was 95.7％ (22/23) in the PD group,including 20 complete remissions and 2 partial remissions,and overall pain relief rate was 92.0％ (23/25) in the PD group,including 18 complete remissions and 5 partial remissions,which were no different in overall pain relief rate (x2 =0.000,P ＞ 0.05).The morbidity of postoperative diabetes mellitus and dyspepsia with fatty diarrhea were 38.9％ (7/18) and 35.7％ (5/14) in the PD group,which were no different from 9.5％ (2/21) and 20.0％ (3/15) in the DPPHR group (x2=3.200,0.281,P ＞0.05).The incidence of postoperative complication was 30.4％ (7/23) in the PD group,including 1 case of intra-abdominal hemorrhage,pancreatic fistula and localized peritonitis,1 case of pancreatic fistula,2 cases of biliary fistula,3 cases of delayed gastric emptying.Patients with pancreatic fistula and biliary fistula recovered after 1-week sufficient drainage.The incidence of postoperative complication was 4.0％ (1/25) in the DPPHR group,including 1 case of pancreatic fistula,showing significant difference in incidence of postoperative complication (x2=4.274,P ＜ 0.05).The duration of postoperative stay and hospital expense were (12.4 ± 2.5) days and (57 751 ± 6 772) yuan in the PD group,which were significantly different from (8.2 ± 1.8) days and (49 109 ± 6 168)yuan in the DPPHR group (t =6.576,4.645,P ＜ 0.05).Forty-eight patients were followed up with a median time of 51.6 months (9.0-92.0 months).Of the 2 patients died,1 patient who underwent Frey procedure died 3 months after diagnosis of pancreatic cancer due to epigastric pain at postoperative month 6,the other died 2 years later due to cardiovascular disease.Among 48 patients with follow-up,1 received biliary-intestine drainage 6 months later and other patients had no recurrence or canceration.Conclusions DPPHR is safe and effective for chronic pancreatitis with mass in the head of the pancreas,having advantages such as shorter duration of operation,less intraoperative hemorrhage,faster postoperative recover,shorter duration of hospital stay and delayed hypofunction of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function.But DPPHR cannot completely replace PD,It is necessary to master indications for all kinds of operations and choose proper operative approaches based on lesion characteristics.

Objective To research the differential expression of trace phosphorylated proteins in human gastric adenocarcinoma epithelial (AGS) cells infected by Helicobacter pylori. Methods H. pylori 26695 strain infected AGS cells 4 h and AGS cells was cultivated for 4 h as a comparison. The proteins of AGS and comparison AGS cells were extracted. Their phosphorylated proteins were enriched by metal ion af-finity adsorption enrichment techniques. After desalinated and purified the phosphorylated proteins samples were separated by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) technique. Computer assisted image analysis was used to analyze the differential proteomic expression. The significantly differentially ex-pressed proteins were unambiguously assigned identities by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF). Results Fifteen kinds of proteins were down-regulated, 4 kinds of new proteins were observed, 1 kind of proteins were up-regulated, 1 kind of proteins unexpression. The 21 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed , including cellular calcium ion homeostasis, transcription, interpretation, protein folding and transport, ribosomal assembly, centrosome replication, chromosome stability, cellular structure, cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Conclusion H. priori can cause a wide range change to human gastric adenocarcinoma epithelial cell protein pheshorylation. This change character has great significance to further comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of H. pylori.