The aim of this study was to develop the data element standard directory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical pharmacy information, to provide application standards and models of TCM clinical pharmacy for the electronic medical record (EMR). The developed line of work is as follows: initially establish research through four forms: literature analysis, questionnaires, discussion groups, expert advice. The research range from the Chinese herbal medicine research, herbal origin, harvesting, processing, identification of traits, physical and chemical identification, modern research, character, taste, Indications, clinical application, processing, dispensing medicine, Chinese medicine specifications, usage, dosage, caution, efficacy indications to small packaging applications, drug research, management and other related issues, including traditional Chinese medicine theory, application and hospital management information; according to the general and part 16 content of the national "Health Information Data Element Standards", and the basic method of extracting data element to study and develop the data element of TCM clinical pharmacy information from the defining content. Correspondingly propose the ideas and methods of construction of the "Data Element Standard Directory of TCM Clinical Pharmacy Information", sort out medicine clinical information data element standard catalog, divided into basic categories, clinical application class, management class three parts, and set norms and standards of identifying data elements, definitions, allowable value of traditional Chinese medicine clinical information, and discuss the sources and standards of information collection, leaving the interface, standardized and scientific terminology, docking with the existing standards, maintenance and management program and oter issues.
China ; Data Mining ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Database Management Systems ; standards ; statistics & numerical data ; Electronic Health Records ; standards ; statistics & numerical data ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To establish a method for rapidly identifying Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis by multiple primers PCR. Methods According to Brncella abortus, Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis IS711 insertion sequences, a public primer and three specific primers(544A, 16M, 1330S) were designed to set up multiplex PCR detection method. Yersinia O : 9, Escherichia coli O157 : HT, Salmonella typhimurium 47729 were selected to undergo multiple PCR reactions to detect the specificity. The sensitivity of multiple primers PCR of Brucella abortus was detected using multiple proportion dilution method. Results The amplified fragment size of Brucella abortus was 485 bp, that of Brucella melitensis 731 bp, and that of Brucella suis 248 bp, but PCR for the DNA of Yersinia O : 9, Escherichia coli O157 : H7, Salmonella typhimurium 47729 was negative. A sensitivity of the multiple primers PCR with Brucella abortus DNA using multiple proportional dilution quantitative method was 0.0967 pg. Conclusions Multiple PCR amplification method for rapidly detecting Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis has been successfully established, resulting in good specificity and sensitivity.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of 18F-FLT PET/CT imaging in detecting and staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.Methods Thirteen patients with NPC underwent wholebody 18F-FLT PET/CT imaging,one of which underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging one day earlier.SUVmax and SUVmean from 18F-FLT and18F-FDG imaging were obtained using circular ROI in primary and metastasis lesions and were compared with the results of histopathology.The staging results by 18 F-FLT PET was compared with those by CT.Results The SUVmax and SUVmean obtained from 18F-FLT imaging in 22nasopharyngeal sites in 13 patients were 6.04 ±3.61 and 5.09 ±2.89,and the SUVmax and SUVmean in 26 lymphadenopathy were 5.56 ± 3.11 and 4.65 ± 2.79.18 F-FDG SUVmax were higher than 18 F-FLT SUVmax in one primary lesion ( 8.32 vs 4.38 ) and two lymph nodes (3.30 ± 0.07 vs 1.48 ± 0.06) in the patient who underwent the two imagings.Compared with CT staging results,the TNM stage in 3 patients had been changed based on 18 F-FLT PET/CT imaging.Conclusions High radioactivity of primary and second lesions can be detected on 18F-FLT imaging in patients with NPC and 18F-FLT PET/CT imaging may be useful in staging for NPC.

Kidney injury and decreased chemosensitivity of tumor cells are obstacles with cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy. Down-regulation of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) is a key means to alleviate CDDP-induced kidney injury and increase chemosensitivity. Astragaloside IV (AS IV) is obtained from the well-known traditional Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus. This study explored the role of AS IV in preventing kidney injury and enhancing the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing OCT2 expression in kidney and MRP2 in tumors. This project was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Jilin University. The effects of AS IV on CDDP inhibition of tumor growth and promotion of apoptosis were assessed in Lewis lung tumor (LLC)-bearing mice by H&E and TUNEL staining. Kidney injury was assessed by serum biochemical parameters and H&E staining. We used Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays to detect OCT2 and MRP2 expression in kidney and tumor. The concentration of CDDP in kidney and tumor was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. AS IV enhanced CDDP chemosensitivity by increasing tumor cell apoptosis and slowing tumor growth, and decreased kidney injury as evidenced by lower blood creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Co-administration of AS IV suppressed MRP2 overexpression induced by CDDP in tumor tissues and may be an important mechanism for enhancing CDDP chemosensitivity. Moreover, AS IV reduced CDDP-induced kidney injury in mice along with suppression of OCT2 expression in kidney. The concentration of CDDP was increased in tumor but decreased in kidney. In total, AS IV not only enhanced the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing MRP2 expression in tumor cells, but also decreased kidney injury induced by CDDP. The results provide new insight into the combined use of a chemotherapy drug and natural ingredients to treat cancer.

OBJECTIVECeramic brackets debonding by Nd:YAG laser is based on the thermal effect of laser, which may cause injury of the pulp tissue. In this study, the histological changes of pulp tissue that subjected to Nd: YAG laser irradiation with different power and time were observed.

METHODS20 New Zealand rabbits were included in this study. Ceramic brackets were bonded to the 4 incisors as routine. The ceramic brackets of left upper teeth that debonded mechanically were used as control group, while the brackets of right upper, left lower and right lower incisors were debonded by laser with 3 W 3 s (group A), 2 W 5 s (group B) and 5 W 2 s (group C) energies, respectively. The teeth were pulled out at 5 minutes, 1 day, 3 days, 1 week and 1 month after the debonding operations. Slides prepared from the pulp tissues of the debonded teeth were used to evaluate the injury of laser.

RESULTSIn comparison with the control group, pulp tissue of teeth that exposed to laser with different energy for 5 minutes showed mild capillary dilation. One day later, group A, B and C showed moderate capillary dilation, and group C also showed moderate infiltration. At 3 days, inflammation was disappeared in group B, whereas capillary dilation was found in group A. Hemorrhage and inflammation cells infiltration were found in group C. At 1 week, alleviation of capillary dilation was found in group A but not in group C. One month later, inflammation disappeared in group A, while pulp tissue in group C showed mild edema and capillary dilation.

CONCLUSIONNd:YAG laser of high energy may cause injury of the pulp tissue during debonding. Laser energy of 3 W 3 s could effectively debond ceramic brackets without irreversible pulp injury.

Animals ; Ceramics ; Dental Debonding ; Dental Pulp ; Lasers ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Rabbits

Objective:To evaluate the 5-year survival outcome of patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with Endostar in combination with platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods:From March 2009 to June 2015, 115 patients with the unresectable locally advanced NSCLC from two prospective studies[Clinical trials 2009-2012(ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01894) and 2012-2015(ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01733589)] were treated with Endostar in combination with platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy. A total dose of 60-66 Gy was delivered in 30-33 fractions. Endostar was given 1 week prior to the beginning of radiotherapy, and repeated fortnightly during the concurrent chemoradiotherapy. After long-term follow up, survival outcome was evaluated in 104 patients treated with radiation dose of ≥60 Gy. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Univariate survival analysis was performed using the log-rank test.Results:Of 104 eligible patients, 60.6% of them had squamous carcinoma and 65.4% were classified in stage Ⅲ B. All the patients received ≥2 cycles of Endostar and 93.3% of them received 4 cycles of Endostar. The median follow-up time was 68.3 months. The median overall survival (OS) and median progression-free survival (PFS) were 31.3 and 13.9 months, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year OS were 45.6% and 35.7%, respectively. The 3-year and 5-year PFS were 27.1% and 24.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that sex, ECOG, pathological type, clinical stage, radiotherapy technique, chemotherapy regimen, chemotherapy cycle and cycle of Endostar use were not associated with OS. Late radiation injury occurred in 14.4% of patients, and no grade 4-5 late injury was observed. Conclusion:Patients with unresectable locally advanced NSCLC treated with Endostar fortnightly in combination with platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy achieve better OS than historical data with tolerable toxicities.

Objective To evaluate the capacity for noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)prevention and control in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs)in China. Methods All CDCs in China, including provincial, city and county CDCs were surveyed by questionnaires designed by China CDC including resource provided, capacity and efforts for NCDs. Results(1)Resource: 7483 staff members worked on NCDs prevention and control, only accounting for 4.0% of all the CDCs' personnel; 23.6% of the staff members devoted their time to NCDs control less than 6months in 2008. Fundings for NCDs prevention and control only accounted for 2.29%, 1.70% and2.69% of the total funds of provincial, city and county CDCs, respectively.(2)Capacity: The proportions of CDCs that had professional institutes of NCD at provincial, city and county level were 100.0%, 62.8% and 43.7% respectively. CDCs mainly cooperated with health agencies regarding NCDs prevention and control programs. 34.7% of the staff members had educational background of college undergraduate or higher, 12.1% had senior professional titles, 61.7% of them worked for NCDs less than 5 years. The average person-times of continuing education in NCDs were 21.90,4.60and 1.68 at the provincial, city and county CDCs respectively. 8.7% of the CDCs sent their staff members for advanced studies on NCDs. All provincial CDCs carried out surveillance but only 4.2%of them published reports of NCDs in all the CDCs during the past three years.(3)Efforts: 43.5% and 30.8% of the county CDCs carried out surveillance and intervention of NCDs respectively in 2008.Conclusion Resources for NCDs prevention and control were quite limited in CDCs. Fundings and staff members for NCDs were not enough, compared to the heavy disease burden of NCDs. Capacityfor NCDs prevention and control need to be improved.

Objective: To establish an echocardiography parameter scoring system for assessing the risk of 1 year re-admission in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). Methods: A total of 412 chronic LVSD patients treated in our hospital from 2007-01 to 2016-01 were studied and the end point event was 1 year re-admission. The data included in 280 patients from 2007-01 to 2014-12 for establishing the scoring system and 132 patients from 2015-01 to 2016-01 for verifying the system. Based on 7 echocardiography parameters, the patients were divided into 7 sets of groups: ① Left ventricular diameter (LVD): Group0, n=290 and Group1, n=122;② Mitrial regurgitation (MR): Group0, n=203, Group1, n=138 and Group2, n=71; ③ Tricuspid regurgitation (TR): Group0, n=302, Group1, n=90 and Group2, n=20; ④ LVEF: Group0, n=272 and Group1, n=140; ⑤ Pulmonary artery systolic pressure: Group0, n=282 and Group1, n=130; ⑥ Hydropericardium: Group0, n=347 and Group1, n=65; ⑦ Hydrothorax:Group 0, n=261, Group1, n=86 and Group2, n=65. The parameters were identified by COX regression analysis, weighted value of scoring system was calculate by hazard ratio (HR), predictive value for1 year re-admission was assess by ROC curve and finally, scoring integration was verified by validation data group. Results: The integration score was calculated as follows: LVD>60mm=1 point; TR: Group1=1 point and Group2=3 points; MR: Group1=2 points and Group2=4 points; Hydrothorax: Group1=2 points and Group2=3 points;Hydropericardium=1 point. COX regression analysis indicated that for 1 year re-admission: HR=1.552 in Group1 vs Group0, HR=3.374 in Group2 vs Group0 and HR=4.562 in Group3 vs Group0, all P<0.05. The AUC of ROC for establishing the data was 70.0% (95% CI 0.640-0.761) and for verifying the data was 70.4% (95% CI 0.616-0.792); the best integration score was 4 points. Conclusion: Echocardiography parameter scoring system may better predict the risk of 1 year re-admission in LVSD patients which is superior to single echocardiography parameter.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of ecoimmunonutrition supplement on intestinal microecology, epithelial tight junctions, and barrier function in rats with surgical stress.

METHODSSeventy SD rats after surgical trauma were randomly divided into four groups:(1) placebo group,(2)total parenteral nutrition(TPN) group,(3)enteral nutrition(EN) group and (4)ecoimmunonutrition (EEN)group respectively. Rats received isocaloric and isonitrogenous nutrition. Nutrients were administered via the neck vein and the needle jejunostomy for five days. The homogenated tissues of liver, lung, and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine the bacterial translocation rate. The transmembrane binding proteins(occludin) was measured by immunohistochemistry. The ultrastructure and morphology of intestinal epithelial tight junctions in the intestine were observed by electron microscope. The feces in cecum was cultured for anaerobic bacterial growth and analysed.

RESULTSThe amounts of lactobacteria and bifidobacteria in EEN group were significantly higher than those in TPN group(P<0.05). The expression levels of occludin in the intestine was significantly higher in EEN group than that in TPN and EN group. Furthermore, the intestinal epithelial tight junction and microvilli of EEN group were more intact compared with those of TPN group. The bacterial translocation rates of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly lower in EEN and EN group than those in TPN group(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONApplication of ecoimmunonutrition can protect intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with operative stress, increase the expression of occludin, maintain the gut epithelial tight junction, and eliminate gut bacterial translocation.

Animals ; Enteral Nutrition ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; physiopathology ; Male ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; adverse effects

Objective: To assess the efficacy and toxicity of decitabine-based conditioning regimen in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , acute myeloid leukemia secondary to MDS (MDS-AML) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) . Methods: From March 1, 2013 to May 25, 2015, 22 patients who underwent allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with decitabine-based conditioning regimen were analyzed retrospectively. Results: ①22 patients, 14 males and 8 females with a median age of 42.5 (24-56) years old, were diagnosed as MDS (n=14) , CMML (n=4) , MDS-AML (n=4) . ②15 patients were treated with the conditioning regimen of decitabine combined with busulfan, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and cytarabine, the other 7 cases were treated with decitabine, busulfan, fludarabine, and cytarabine. The dose of decitabine was 20 mg·m(-2)·d(-1) for 5 days.Rabbit anti-human anti-thymocyte globulin (2.5 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1) for 4 days) was involved in conditioning regimen in patients with unrelated donor or haploidentical transplantation. ③Except 1 patient died of infection in 2 months after transplantation, the other patients were engrafted successfully. The median time of granulocyte engraftment was 13 (12-18) days, and the median time of platelet engraftment was 16 (13-81) days. ④The incidence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) was (41.3±10.6) %, and severe aGVHD (grade of III-IV) was (18.4±9.7) %. The incidence of chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) was (56.4±11.3) %, and extensive cGVHD was (36.4±12.1) %. ⑤8 patients were suffered with cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia. Among the 18 patients with definitely infection, 6 occurred during myelosuppression and 12 cases occurred after hematopoietic reconstruction. The 2-year and 3-year non-relapse mortality was (13.9±7.4) % and (24.3±9.5) %, respectively. ⑥The 2-year and 3-year overall survival (OS) was (77.3±8.9) % and (67.9±10.0) %, respectively. The 2-year and 3-year relapse-free survival (RFS) was (72.7±9.5) % and (63.6±10.3) %, respectively. Conclusions: allo-HSCT with decitabine-based conditioning regimen is feasible in the treatment of MDS, MDS-AML or CMML.
Adult ; Busulfan ; Decitabine ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult