Objective To observe the changes of intracellular free calcium and the expression of CaM in the hippocampal neurons of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rats and to further investigate the neurobiological mechanisms. Methods The SPS-method was used to set up the rat PTSD models. A total of sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 hours,1 day,4 days,7 days groups of SPS and normal control group. The intracellular free calcium was examined by fluorescence spectrophotometer. The expression of CaM was detected by using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and RT-PCR. Results The intracellular free calcium level in the hippocampus of experimental rats was markedly increased 12 hours after SPS stimulation,and reached the peak after 1 day, then gradually decreased to normal level after 7 days. The expression of CaM in the hippocampus 1day after SPS was also the highest and then gradually decreased.Conclusion The lasting dysfunction of Ca~(2+)/CaM signaling cascades in hippocampal may play important roles in the pathogenesis of PTSD rats.

Congresses as Topic ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Hematology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; drug therapy ; United States

Objective To study the diagnostic value of double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) and capsule endoscopy (CE) for small intestinal bleeding. Methods Overall detection rates of small intestinal bleeding with DBE, CE and the whole alimentary tract barium meal were compared. Positive rates of bleeding detection with DBE and CE were compared within the same patients. Influence of CE on one-procedure rate of DBE was analyzed. Results In 105 cases of small intestine bleeding, DBE detected 24 cases of Crohn's disease, 15 adenocarcinoma, 12 chronic nonspecific inflammation, 10 small intestinal ulcer of unknown reason, 8 entero-mesenchymoma, 8 polypus, 6 vascular deformation hemorrhage, 5 ancylostomiasis, 5 Mechel's diverticula ( including multiple diverticula), 3 lymphoma and 9 of no evident abnormalities. The positive detection rate of DBE is 91.4% (96/105). Disease detection rates of CE and whole alimentary tract barium meal were 75.0% (30/40) and 33.3% (25/75), respectively. The one-procedure rate of DBE is 90% (36/40) based on CE results, but it was only 69. 2% (45/65) according to clinic features and the whole alimentary tract barium meal. Conclusion The main causes of small intestinal bleeding are benign ulcers (including Crohn's disease) and tumor, as well as chronic inflammation. Polyps, vascular deformation, parasitosis, Mechel's diverticulum and lymphoma are the secondary causes.DBE is superior to CE in diagnosis of small intestine bleeding, but CE can increase the one-procedure rate of DBE.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Yanghe Huayan Decoction (YHD, a representative recipe for warming yang mass dissipating) in inhibiting precancerosis of breast cancer (PBC) and on the protein and mRNA expression of ki67.

METHODSThe PBC rat model was established by dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), and 9 weeks later rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, the YHD group, the Sanjie Huatan Decoction group (SHD), the Pingxiao Tablet group (PT), and the tamoxifen group. Rats in the model group were administered with water by gastrogavage. Rats in the YHD group received YHD (deglued antler powder 12 g, prepared rhizome of rehmannia 9 g, cassia bark 6 g, white mustard seed 3 g, zedoary root 12 g, appendiculate cremastra pseudobulb 15 g, chekiang fritillary bulb 9 g, licorice root 6 g) at the daily dose of 7.2 g/kg by gastrogavage. Rats in the SHD group received SHD (oldenlandia diffusa 15 g, Scutellaria Barbata 15 g, Trichosanthes Kirilowii 15 g, pinellia 9 g) at the daily dose of 5.4 g/kg by gastrogavage. Rats in the PT group received PT at the daily dose of 144 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Those in the tamoxifen group received tamoxifen at the daily dose of 4 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Pathomorphological changes of the breast tissue were observed by HE staining. The positive rate and the gray value of ki67 expression were detected by immunohistochemical assay. And the expression of ki67 mRNA was detected by q-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the general hyperplasia and the occurrence rate of precancerous lesion were higher and the occurrence rate of invasive carcinoma was lower in each treatment group (P < 0.05). Except the SHD group, the intensity of ki67 grey value increased in each treatment group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Except the PT group, the positive rate of ki67 and mRNA expression of ki67 increased in the rest treatment groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the YHD group, there was no statistical difference in the occurrence rate of infiltration or the occurrence rate of precancerous lesion (P > 0.05). The positive rate of ki67 expression and mRNA expression of ki67 increased in the PT group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSYHD could partially inhibit and reverse canceration of breast cancer. It also could inhibit ki67 protein and mRNA expression. Its effect was similar to tamoxifen and superior to PT. So it was suitable for prevention and treatment of precancerous lesion of breast cancer.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Precancerous Conditions ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical outcomes and advantages of anterior small-incision focus debridement with posterior internal fixation through muscle spa ring in treating patients with lumbar spinal tuberculosis.

METHODSFrom February 2010 to February 2014, totally 82 patients with lumbar spinal tuberculosis were treated by posterior individual fixation with small-incision focus debridement,including 50 males and 32 females with an average of 50.5 years old. All patients were divided into two groups according to different procedures. Forty-nine patients in group A were treated with anterior small-incision focus debridement with posterior internal fixation through muscle spa ring at stage I ; and 33 patients in group B were treated with focus debridement with posterior internal fixation by extraperitoneal approach at stage I . Postoperative mechanical ventilation time, preoperative and postoperative Cobb angle, visual analogue scale (VAS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and Frankel grading were observed and compared. Postoperative complications, stability of internal fixation and bone union were compared.

RESULTSAll patients were followed-up from 15 to 36 months with an average of 23.7 months. Psoas abscess of three patients in group A and 1 patient in group B on the opposite side increased and were healed by the secondary apocenosis. The other 78 cases were healed at stage I, and no sinus tract formation, incisional hernia, leakage of cerebrospinal and occurrence of spinal tuberculosis were occurred. Fracture healing time ranged from 3 to 7 months with an average of 4.6 months. Postoperative mechanical ventilation time and VAS score in group A was better than group B. There were no statistical differences in Cobb angle, ESR and Frankel grading at the final following-up between two groups.

CONCLUSIONAnterior small-incision focus debridement with posterior internal fixation through muscle spa ring in treating patients with lumbar spinal according to degree of damage is a safe and effective method.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Debridement ; methods ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis, Spinal ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic efficacy of 48-week telbivudine treatment on cirrhosis resulting from chronic hepatitis B.

METHODS80 patients were equally divided into two groups, and treated with telbivudine 600 mg or lamivudine 100mg once daily for 48 weeks, respectively. The changes of virological and biochemical markers, PTA, Child-Pugh score, and viral resistance were observed at the different time points after antiviral treatment.

RESULTSThe mean of serum HBV DNA level in telbivudine group before treatment was (6.52+/-1.33) log10 copies/ml, and the mean reduction of serum HBV DNA was (2.09+/-1.30), (2.83+/-1.22), (3.23+/-1.27), (3.42+/-1.32), (3.65+/-1.30), (3.67+/-1.43) log10 copies/ml at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 weeks, respectively. The proportion of patients with serum HBV DNA undetectable was 92.5% (37/40) at 24, 48 weeks. At week 24 and 48, the rates of HBeAg/anti-HBe seroconversion were 30.0% (6/20), 35.0% (7/20), respectively. ALT, AST, albumin, total bilirubin, PTA, and Child-Pugh score were improved (P less than 0.05). Mutation of YMDD observed in telbivudine group was 5.0%. The mean reduction of serum HBV-DNA and the proportion of patients with undetectable serum HBV-DNA were greater in telbivudine group than in lamivudine group (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTelbivudine can rapidly and effectively inhibit the replication of HBV in patients with cirrhosis resulting from chronic hepatitis B, and the resistance mutation rate was low. In addition, telbivudine treatment can improve the liver function.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleosides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidinones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Thymidine ; analogs & derivatives ; Treatment Outcome ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a newly-developed method in transcriptome research, it can afford more accurate transcription information and be more quickly by using Next-generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. RNA-Seq has been widely used in various biological fields. Genuine traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), with good quality and therapeutic effect, were always praised highly and used by famous physicians. The geo-herbalism formation of TCM is based on the product of the gene expression at specific space and time. So it has been a research hotspot to analyze the mechanism of biosynthesis through RNA-Seq in the study on the secondary metabolism of medicinal plant. This article mainly illustrates the RNA-Seq and its advantages, it also discusses the potential application in genuine TCM, and it can provide useful information for other researchers.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Gene Expression Profiling ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; RNA ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Transcriptome

Pericellular matrix (PCM) is a narrow tissue region surrounding chondrocytes, which "chondron" with its enclosed cells. A number of studies suggested that PCM is rich in proteoglycans, collagen and fibronectin, and plays an important role in regulating microenvironment of chondrocytes. Direct measures of PCM properties through micropipette aspiration technique showed that PCM was different from mechanical property of chondrocytes and nature extracellular matrix. However, the function of PCM is not clear, and need further study.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Chondrocytes ; chemistry ; cytology ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans

ObjectiveTo identify the factors influencing the transfer of porcine endogenous retroviruses across the membrane of a new bioartificial liver (BAL),which is a necessary caution to consider for BALs carrying porcine hepatocytes.MethodsA novel porcine BAL composed of two circuits was constructed using a plasma filter with membrane pore size of 500 nm and a plasma component separator with membrane pore sizes 10 nm,20 nm,30 nm,and 35 nm.Co-cultured cells of porcine hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells or single porcine hepatocytes were incubated in the bioreactors.The BAL was continuously worked for 72 hours during which the supernatant was collected from the internal and external circuits every 12 hours.PERV RNA,reverse transcriptase (RT) activity,and in vitro infectivity from the supernatant were detected.ResultsIn the plasma filter group,the PERV RNAlevels were the same in both circuits,suggesting little to no effect of the plasma filter on the PERV RNA's crossing.With plasma component separators,PERV RNA was found in the external circuits at different times without positive RT activity and HEK293 cell infection,but its level was reduced significantly.The larger the membrane pore size was,the earlier and the more RNA was detected.ConclusionsThe membrane pore size,the treatment time and the viral level in the internal circuit are contributing factors influencing the transfer of PERV RNA across the membrane in a BAL.

ObjectiveTo determine the correlation of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G)expression with CMV active infection after kidney transplantation. MethodsA total of 215 first-time kidney transplantation recipients in one transplantation center were divided into CMV ( + ) group and CMV ( - ) group according to whether they had active CMV infection. mhla-g1 expression on leukocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. The concentrations of soluble HLA-G5 were detected by using ELISA. The sHLA-G5 cutoff levels by ROC curve was employed to predict the active CMV infection. The expression of sHLA-G5 mRNA and protein in leukocytes was analyzed by using RTPCR and Western blotting respectively. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the HLA-G expression in kidney biopsies of 12 cases. ResultsThe expression of mHLA-G1 in peripheral blood was low in both CMV ( + ) group and CMV ( - ) group. Also when CMV-PP65 was positive, there was no significant change in mHLA-G1. In CMV ( + ) group, the proportion of CD14+ mHLA-G1 +cells[(45. 53 ± 17.32)％]in peripheral blood was increased as compared with that in CMV (-)group[(10. 22 ± 5.78)％]. The expression of sHLA-G5 was increased significantly in CMV ( + )group. The optimal cutoff value of sHLA-G5 predicting the active CMV infection was 202. 9 μg/L,with high diagnostic accuracy. HLA-G was positive in the kidney tissue of 10 patients out of 12 patients with active CMV infection. Both RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that sHLA-G5 was significantly higher in CMV ( + ) group than that in CMV ( - ) group. ConclusionROC curve analysis of sHLA-G5 with the cutoff value of 202. 9 μg/L can be used to predict the active CMV infection. The HLA-G levels in peripheral blood were significantly increased and HLA-G expression in the tubular epithelial cells of the graft could be a protection mechanism of the kidney function.