AIM:To explore and compare effect of coaxial micro-incision phacoemulsification and standard coaxial phacoemulsification in the treatment of cataract.
METHODS:A total of 88 patients(88 eyes) with senile cataract who underwent selective cataract ultrasonic emulsification resorption combined with intraocular lens implantation in the hospital from Aug. 2013 and Aug. 2015 were selected, they were divided randomly into the control group ( 44 cases, 38 cases completed, 6 cases dropped out ) and the observation group ( 44 cases, 40 cases completed, 4 cases dropped out ) . The control group received standard coaxial 3. 0mm small incision phacoemulsification, the observation group received coaxial 1. 8mm micro-incision phacoemulsification. All patients were combined with intraocular lens implantation. Intraoperative effective ultrasonic time, cumulative release energy, best corrected visual acuity before and after surgery in the two groups were recorded, corneal endothelium cell population, incision corneal thickness, percentage of cornea hexagon cell, corneal astigmatism changes before the operation, 1d, 7d, 30d after the operation were compared.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in intraoperative effective ultrasonic time, cumulative release energy in the two groups(P>0. 05). There was no significant difference in postoperative best corrected visual acuity between the two groups(P>0. 05). Corneal endothelium cell population, percentage of cornea hexagon cell 1d, 7d, 30d after the operation in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before the treatment ( P < 0. 05 ), but there was no significant difference in the two groups ( P > 0. 05 ). Incision corneal thickness 30d after the operation in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0. 05). Degree of corneal astigmatism in the observation group 1d, 7d, and 30d after the operation were significantly lower than the control group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Coaxial micro - incision phacoemulsification and standard coaxial phacoemulsification can improve visual acuity of cataract patients, but the former can reduce degree of corneal astigmatism.

Objective To study the ultra-structural features of interstitial cajal cells (ICC)in fetal enteron and then classify them.Methods Ultra-structural features of ICC in fetal enteron with spontaneous abortion or premature birth were detected under JEM-2000EX transmission electron microscope for the cause of fetal death, including two fetus specimens of a gestation 18 months and 28 months stained with lead nitrate and uranium acetate.Results ICC had a big oval karyon and a little of cytoplasm. ICC formed spindle or stellate cells with 2 to 5 long cell processes . From the esophagus to the terminal ileum ICC mostly had the same ultra-structural features, but with mitochondria and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex in the whole colon and the rectum , more than those of esophagus and small intestine. In the whole colon and rectum ICC had similar ultra-structural features. ICC also possessed an abundance of mitochondria and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. ICC also possessed Caveloae lipid droplet with more electron dense and heterochromatin. Two types of ICC were identified under JEM-2000EX transmission electron microscope. One type was present from the esophagus to the terminal ileum and the other type was observed in the colon and rectum. The first type ICC in circular muscle layer was bipolar cells which extended to tapering processes in opposite directions. These processes rarely branched, and their appearance was similar to smooth muscle cells.Most of them ran parallel to the circular muscles . The second type of ICC in the myenteric plexus and longitudinal muscle layer was mostly multipolar and rarely bipolar cells with long processes. They showed an irregular appearance characterized by numerous short spike-like branches. Processes of multipolar cells extended in every direction and connected with each other. ICC nerve cells and smooth muscle cells were connected with gap-like junction, which was the main connection mode .Conclusions The ultra-structural features of ICC in fetal enteron varied with the diffe-rent locus and different tissue sheets in the enteron. The mitochondria and a well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex of the whole colon and rectum are more and more developed than that of esophagus and small intestine. Ultra-structural features of ICC will develop further with the gestational age. The gap- like junction among ICC nerve cell and smooth muscle cell are highly important for ICC to educe function.

Objective To evaluate the influence of social medical insurance treatment policy for specific chronic diseases on medication compliance in patients with primary hypertension in Guangzhou. Methods Questionnaire investigation was adopted to evaluate 219 patients with primary hy-pertension about medication compliance and relevant factors. Results Statistical analysis showed that the patients who enjoyed the policy were better than before in the medication compliance, the treatment satis-faction, the situation of discussing treatment projects with doctors. Conclusions "Treatment policy" facilitates improvement of medication compliance in padents with primary hypertension.

Objective: To investigate the role of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in supporting hematopoiesis and the expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in vitro. Methods: According to the fact that HUVEC supernatant has colony stimulating activity shown by methylcellulose colony-forming assay and HUVEC can maintain the survival of mononuclear cells for at least four weeks in vitro, CD34+ cells from umbilical cord blood were seeded with (HUVEC group) or without (control group) HUVEC monolayer. Every week cells were collected and counted, the frequency of CFU-GM was measured by using methylcellulose colony-forming assay, and the percentage of CD34+ and CD41a+ cells was measured by flow cytometry. Results: In control group，all the CD34+ cells died in two weeks. However, in HUVEC group,most nucleated cells and CD34+ cells were expanded by 68.1±14.8 fold and 6.6±1.4 fold，respectively at the third week while CFU-GM expansion reached its peak (5.7±2.1 fold) at the week 2. Moreover, the percentage of CD41a+ cells was enhanced significantly, reaching a maximum (15.6%) at the week 3. Conclusions:HUVEC can support hematopoiesis in vitro and expand the hematopoietic progenitor cells and CD41a+ cells in direct contact coculture.

BACKGROUNDHuman metapneumovirus (hMPV) has recently been recognized as a notable respiratory pathogen in children. However, no isolation processes and only a limited understanding of hMPV epidemiology present in Chinese children are documented by far.

METHODSNasopharyngeal aspirates from 86 hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections from December 2004 to July 2005 were inoculated onto Vero-E6 cells for hMPV isolation. Total RNA was extracted from infected cells with a cytopathic effect and then subjected to a RT-PCR amplification of the N and F genes of the hMPV. Nucleotide sequences of amplified F gene products were examined using a variation analysis with the MegAlign program and the phylogenetic tree construction using the neighbor-joining algorithm with a Phylip package.

RESULTSSix strains of hMPV were isolated from the samples during winter, spring and summer. The most common symptoms were coughing and cyanosis, and the diagnoses were bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia, infantile asthma, or upper respiratory tract infection. All isolates were in the A2 genetic sublineage and shared a high percentage of homology with the F gene in the nucleotide (99.8%-100%) and amino acid (99.3%-100%) sequences.

CONCLUSIONSThis report indicates that hMPV is an important viral agent for acute respiratory tract infections present in Chongqing, China. Knowledge of phylogeny and genes will benefit the studies on the treatment and prophylaxis of hMPV infection.

China ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Metapneumovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of blood pressure lowering treatment on the International Prostate Syndrome Score (IPSS) and maximum flow rate (Qmax) in old and middle-aged male patients with essential hypertension.

METHODSWe enrolled 193 hypertensive male patients aged 50-75 years from the rural area of Anqing, Anhui, treated them with Amlodipine for 4 weeks, and then analyzed the correlation of their baseline blood pressure and reduced blood pressure with the changes of IPSS and Qmax.

RESULTSAfter 4 weeks of medication, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the subjects dropped by 16.8 +/- 16.7 and 8.1 +/- 7.7 mmHg respectively (P < 0.01), IPSS decreased by 2.5 +/- 5.5 points (P < 0.01) and Qmax increased by 0.2 +/- 4.7 ml/s (P = 0.46). Changes of Qmax were not significantly correlated with either the baseline or decreased blood pressure, while changes of IPSS had a significant linear correlation with the former but not with the latter.

CONCLUSIONLowering blood pressure in old and middle-aged male patients with essential hypertension can prevent or alleviate the subjective symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and it reduces IPSS more significantly in those with higher baseline blood pressure.

Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Urodynamics

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational application of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection in the clinic. METHODS:With reference to the package insert of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection,the guiding principles of clinical use of antibiotics,by reviewing related literatures,based on the weighted TOPSIS methods,detailed rules for drug utilization review (DUR) of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection were made. And then 100 archived medical records of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection in the first half of 2014 were evaluated in respect of medication rationality based on these rules. RESULTS:Among 100 cases,relative proximity of 51 cases was more than 70%(51.0%);that of 37 was between 50%-70%(37.0%);that of 12 cases was between 30%-50%(12.0%). CONCLUSIONS:Established DUR method of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection on the basis of weighted TOPSIS methods can be used to evaluate the rationality of drug use and promote more rational evaluation behavior. And the results indicate that unreasonable use of Levofloxacin hydrochloride injection is still common in the hospital.

Objective To evaluate X-ray,CT and MRI findings of soft tissue infections in AIDS. Methods Three cases of soft tissue infections with AIDS were retrospectively analyzed by comparing the imaging findings with pathological results.All patients were performed MRI,X-ray was in 1 case,CT was in 1 case.Results Cellulitis was in 1 case:MRI showed extended thickening of subcutaneous tissues, ill-defined hypointense areas on T_1WI and hyperintensity on T_2WI,and reticular pattern on GRE. Necrotizing fasciitis was in 1 case:MRI showed obvious thickening of subcutaneous tissues and deep fasciae, abnormally increased signal intensity on T_1 and T_2WI.Fluid collections were within muscles and muscles interval on fat-suppressed T2 WI.Tuberculosis was in 1 case:CT demonstrated multiple low density areas in the subcutaneous tissues and clear peripheral rim enhancement.MRI appeared hypointense on T_1WI and hyperintensity on T_2WI,and peripheral rim enhancement following gadolinium injection.Conclusion Infections of soft tissue are common complication in patients with AIDS,radiology is important in early diagnosis and treatment planning in this population.

Objective To investigate the optimal scanning parameters for diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical cord.Methods MRI and diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical cord was performed in 80 healthy adult volunteers.Different parameters including b values,the number of the diffusion sensitive gradient directions,the number of excitations,and slice thickness were applied and their effects on the quality of the images were compared.DTI was performed on the cervical spinal cord with different b-values (400,700,and 1000 s/mm~2)in group 1,with different numbers of diffusion gradient directions(6,13, and 25)in group 2,with different numbers of excitations(2,4,and 8)in group 3,and with different slice thicknesses(2,3,and 4 mm)in group 4.Two radiology experts gave a score to every image with double blind methods,then compared the image quality.Results In the comparison of the four different parameters,DTIs using a b value of 700 s/mm~2(2.25?0.58)showed better image quality than those with the b values of 400 s/mm~2(1.86?0.53)and 1000 s/mm~2(1.48?0.35)(P

OBJECTIVETo isolate and characterize the newly discovered human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in Chongqing, China and elucidate the clinical manifestations of hMPV infection.

METHODSEighty-six patients hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection in Children's Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences from December 2004 to July 2005 were enrolled in the present study. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected for screening for common respiratory viruses by direct immunofluorescence assay, including respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus types A and B, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, 3 and adenovirus, and for inoculating onto Vero-E6 and LLC-MK2 cells for hMPV isolation. Cultures were maintained in the presence of trypsin and observed for development of cytopathic effect (CPE) for 3 weeks. Presence of hMPV was first indicated by positive CPE and subsequently confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction targeting N and F genes. Sequence of amplified F fragments were analyzed and submitted to NCBI GenBank. The clinical findings of hMPV infection were collected and analyzed.

RESULTSOf the collected 86 NPAs, six showed CPE characterized by clustering of infected cells, increased granules and eventuall detachment from cell monolayer and obvious syncytium formation. Successful isolation of hMPVs was confirmed with RT-PCR targeting hMPV F and N genes. Of the six hMPV-positive specimens, two were collected in winter (December, January), two in spring (May) and the other two in autumn (June, July). All the six patients were younger than 2 years of age with disease spectrum of bronchiolitis (2/6), bronchopneumonia (2/6), infantile asthma (1/6) and upper respiratory tract infection (1/6). Clinical findings included fever, cough, wheezing, polypnea, cyanosis and rales. Parainfluenza 3 and adenovirus seemed to beviral pathogens of co-infection.

CONCLUSIONSix hMPVs were successfully isolated in the mainland of China for the first time. HMPV appears to be one important viral pathogen for acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children with a detection rate of 7% (6/86) by viral isolation. The virus causes respiratory diseases similar to those caused by respiratory syncytial virus. These findings highlight the need for future investigations to define disease burden of hMPV infection and molecular epidemiology among children in China.

Cell Line ; China ; epidemiology ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Infant ; Metapneumovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction