Objective To establish a mouse model of early lung adenocarcinoma to serve the imaging studies of early lung adenocarcinoma .Methods Two-hundred and ten 4-week old SPF female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups (40 mice per group) and 1 control group (10 mice).The mice of experimental groups were subcutaneously injected with a dose of 0.2 ml 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitroso-guanidine ( MNNG) solution in concentration of 2.0 mg/mL weekly for 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks (group A-E), respectively, while the mice of control group was subcutane-ously injected with 0.2 mL saline weekly for 12 weeks.Ten mice were randomly sacrificed from each experimental group at the 60th, 80th, 100th and 120th days after initial injection ( group A60 , group A80 , group A100 , group A120; group B60 ,……and so on) , and the bilateral lungs were dissected .The tumor occurrence rate , number and size of lung tumors were observedandrecorded.Results 1.Thetumoroccurrencerateandnumberoflungtumorswerepositivelyproportionalto the time and dose of MNNG injection .No tumor was found in any group at the 60th day.2.At the 80th day, the tumor oc-currence rate in the groups A, B, C, D and E was 0, 10%, 30%, 40%and 50%, respectively.The number of tumors in each group was 0, 4, 42, 60 and 81, respectively.The number of tumors smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter was 0, 4, 25, 31 and 40, respectively.3.At the 100th day, the tumor occurrence rate was 20%, 40%, 100%, 100%and 100%, re-spectively.The number of tumors was 6, 19, 187, 223 and 301, respectively, and the number of tumors smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter was 5, 16, 132, 124 and 123, respectively.4.At the 120th day, the tumor occurrence rate was 30%, 50%, 100%, 100%and 100%, respectively.The number of tumors was 30, 124, 302, 351 and 362 per group, respec-tively.The number of tumors smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter was 21, 98, 123, 140 and 108, respectively.The induced lung adenocarcinomas were confirmed by pathology .Conclusions MNNG solution 0.2 mL (2.0 mg/mL) subcutaneously injected weekly for 4 weeks can produce 100%occurrence rate of lung adenocarcinoma in mice and most tumors are smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter at 100th day after initial injection .It is a most suitable model for imaging studies of mouse early lung adenocarcinoma .

BACKGROUND:Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are similar to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which can directional y differentiate into neuron-like cells, secrete various cytokines, and provide the base for nerve regeneration. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To study the role of chitosan composite nerve conduit carrying umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in nerve end-to-side anastomosis. ＜br> METHODS:Thirty while rabbits were randomized into three groups. The central branch of the right posterior peroneal nerve were cut and proximal y ligated, and then sutured evaginably to the muscle. In the control group, the distal end of the common peroneal nerve were anastomosed into the tibial nerve at 30°-45°;in the stenting group, the chitosan conduit was bridged at the same interval and angle into the end-to-side anastomosis site between the tibial nerve and peroneal nerve;in the cel-stenting group, the chitosan conduit carrying human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells was bridged at the same interval and angle into the end-to-side anastomosis site between the tibial nerve and peroneal nerve. After 12 weeks, gross observation, neurophysiological examination and anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry detection were performed. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 12 weeks of operation, in the cel-stenting group, the conduit degraded completely, the nerve diameter was similar to that of the normal peroneal nerve, and the motor nerve conduction velocity was higher than that in the control and stenting groups (P＜0.01). Anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry results showed that a great amount of brownish red Schwann cells arranged around the regenerated nerve fibers in the cel-stenting group, while there was few and sparse brownish red substance, and the Schwann cells grew worse in the stenting and control groups. These findings suggest that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have an obvious role in promoting nerve regeneration, induce bud growth, accelerate the growth rate of regenerated fibers, and improve growth and maturity of Schwann cells.

Adult ; Endometriosis ; complications ; metabolism ; Endometrium ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; etiology ; metabolism ; Leptin ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have successfully prepared the natural and biologically degraded acellular nerve graft and have proved the effect of promoting neural regeneration.OBJECTIVE: To construct tissue engineered artificial nerve with acellular nerve graft and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and to observe the effect of promoting motor functional recovery and repairing rat sciatic nerve defects. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized control animal experiment was performed in the Medical TIssue Engineering Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University between June 2008 and February 2009. MATERIALS: Wistar adult healthy male rats weighing 180-200 g were used to prepare acellular nerve graft, while Wistar adult healthy male rats weighing 100-120 g were used to prepare bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue engineered artificial nerve was produced with acellular nerve graft co-cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: Sixty Wistar adult healthy male rats weighing 180-200 g were induced sciatic nerve defect models, 15 mm long. SD rats were divided into three groups at random with 20 animals in each group. ①Experiment group: Rat sciatic nerve defects were bridged with tissue engineered artificial nerve. ②Blank control group: Rat sciatic nerve defects were bridged with tissue engineered nerve scaffold. ③Autologous nerve control group: Rat sciatic nerve defects were bridged with autologous nerve graft. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At 12 weeks postoperation, the recovery of motor function was evaluated with gross observation, electrophysiology, histological observation and triceps surae wet weight.RESULTS: ①At 12 weeks postoperation, the toes at the operation side could separate and supported to the ground in the experiment group; there was no significant difference in the regenerated nerve conduction velocity between experimental group and autologous nerve graft group. ②At 12 weeks postoperation, histochemical stain results showed AchE-positive motor end-plate arranged regulady in the middle and superior part of gestrocnemius muscle to form end-plate zone in the experiment group. By use of silver staining, the regenerated nerve tract and the emergent branch were shown to be connected with motor end-plate.③There was no significant difference in the tibialis anterior muscle wet weight between experimental group and autologous nerve graft group. CONCLUSION: Bridging acellular nerve graft and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into rat sciatic nerve defects can promote motor functional recovery.

Objective To understand the attitude and current situation of medical English stud y as well as its relevant factors among long schooling medical students so as to provide first hand information for constructing students-centered medical English teaching model. Methods A self-de-signed questionnaire including basic information of students, attitude and current situation of medical English students was given to 134 seven or eight year program clinical medical graduates from grade 2006 to grade 2008 in Tongji University. Questionnaires were collected timely and an-alyzed with SPSS 19.0 and results were described by percentage. Results Totally 132 copies of questionnaire were recovered with an recovering rate of 98.51%. 56.82%(75/132) students had interest in medical English study and 71.97%(95/132)students had a will to go abroad for learning exchange. Main pur-poses for students to learn medical English were ‘professional literature reading’(68.94%,91/132),‘SCI papers writing’(59.09%,78/132)and ‘international communication’(58.33%, 77/132). Main influencing factors of medical English study were ‘boring teaching methods ’ ( 45 . 45%, 60/132 ) ,‘difficult medical English’(41.67%,55/132) and ‘insufficient teaching time’(40.91%,54/132).Conclusions Medical students with long schooling have demand for medical English study;however, most of them have some difficulties in practical application. Measures should be taken from three as-pects including students, teachers and curriculum setting to improve students' medical English.

Objective Wegener's granulomatosis is a rare multisystem vasculitis of unknown aetiology. The clinical features of the disease,the treatment and long-term follow-up is observed in this study.Methods Eleven WG patients were from Rheumatology Department of Guangdong Province People's Hospital between 1999—2005.Data were obtained retrospectively.The patients' clinical manifestation and laboratory results were studied.Results All patients had upper and lower respiratory tracts involvement.The upper respiratory tract(nose,sinus,throat,trachea,and middle ear)-(E)lung(L),and kidneys(K)were the most commonly in- volved organs.The majority of patient received i.v.puls methylprednisolone 0.5 g/d?3 d,followed by oral pred- nisone 1 mg.kg~(-1).d~(-1)and i.v.pulses of cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m~2.The long-term outcome was good. Conclusion Wegner's granulomatosis is a systemic vasculitis occurring in patients with histopathologic mani- festation of necrotizing vasculitis with granuloma formation.Corticosteroid and immunosuppressive treatment may achieve good outcome.

Background To establish the ideal animal model of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is very important for onward relevant study.Previous research determined that N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) can selectively damage photoreceptors via intravenous injection in mammal.However,whether MNU can be used to create an RP model needs to be investigated.Objective This experiment was designed to evaluate the toxic effect of MNU on photoreceptor cells of cats.Methods MNU was injected into 20 2-year-old cats via femoral vein and randomized into 20mg/kg, 25mg/kg, 30mg/kg, 35mg/kg and 40mg/kg MNU groups,and equal amount of normal saline solution was used in the same way in 4 normal cats as the control group.The activity,pupil size and light reflex were observed after injection of MNU.The cats were sacrificed and eyeballs were enucleated for histological examination to evaluate the structural and morphological changes of photoreceptors at 24 hours,72 hours,7 days and 14 days after the administration of MNU.This experimental study complied with the Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research.Results Dilated pupil and inertia of light reaction were found in experimental cats on the 7th days in the various groups.In 24 hours after MNU injection,the damage of photoreceptors was primarily characterized by pyknosis and disorder.In 72 hours after MNU injection,attenuation of the outer nuclear layer and disruption of cells were seen.Loss of photoreceptors and disappearance of the outer nuclear layer were observed on the 7th and 14th day.The extent of retinal photoreceptor cell damage was dependent on the dose of MNU.Conclusion MNU can selectively induce serious damage of the photoreceptor cells in cats retina in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

To observe the clinical efficacy of massage therapy and Cisapride in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD).Methods:Eighty subjects were randomized into two groups:treatment group in which 40 cases were treated by massage therapy and control group in which 40 cases were treated by Cisapride,with a course of 4 weeks;meanwhile,another 40 healthy people were taken as normal group.Abdominal fullness,acid regurgitation,diminished appetite and anorexia,nausea and vomiting and health survey were observed;symptom scores were recorded.Results:These two treatment methods were effective for FD.Conclusion:Mental disorder is one cause of FD;massage therapy is quite effective for it.

Animals ; Female ; Male ; Rabbits ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis ; Vibration ; adverse effects

There are many methods for internal and external fixation of limbs fractures,such as plaster,splint,and traction.But the disadvantages such as destroyed local blood supply,unreliable fixation,inappropriate dynamic and static combination,postoperative nursing,delayed functional recovery and complications limit their application.Multifunctional external fixation apparatus has been used to treat limbs fractures.It avoids to dissect surrounding tissues and does not damage blood supply out of medullary cavity,which benefits wound treatment,early functional exercise,prevents joint adherence,improves cure rate,reduces complications and avoids second surgery.Moreover,this method is an effective fixation,saves treatment time and prevents adverse results due to treatment for other wounds.In addition.it can also be used to treat bone nonunion,infective fracture,bone defect and other fracture complications.