Objective To investigate self-management behaviors of kidney transplantation recipients after discharge.Methods A total of 97 kidney transplantation recipients were recruited from a teaching hospital of Peking University From September 2009 to June 2012,and all eligible subjects were then assigned to 3 groups:post-transplantation less than 6 months group (group A),post-transplantation 6-12 months group (group B),and post-transplantation more than 12 months group (group C).The subjects were required to complete self-management scale for renal transplant recipients.ANOVA was used for data analysis.Results There were 32 patients in group A,31 in group B,and 34 in group C.Self-management behavior score of the participants of the three groups was 100.1 ± 7.0,99.0 ± 7.3 and 91.3 ± 5.8,respectively (F =3.53,P =0.03).In terms of diet,group B got the highest score (F =16.41,P =0.00).However,group A showed excellence in physical activities (F =11.50,P =0.00).For three groups,score of drug effect and side effect was 2.00 ±0.00,2.03 ±0.18,and 2.41 ±0.50; score of routine laboratory values was 2.00 ±0.00,2.05 ± 0.16 and 2.82 ±0.39; and score of skin protection was 3.09 ±0.30,3.03 ± 0.91,and 2.85 ±0.36,respectively.Conclusions Post-transplantive self-management behavior of patients who completed the surgery for more than 12 months may not be better than others.Healthcare professionals need to improve patients' self-management through health education.

A turbid solution was formed through the reaction between ?-PGA and cetylpyridinium chloride(CPC) and the turibidity was measured by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy at 680nm.The linearity between the concentration of ?-PGA and its absorbance,the stability,repeatability and recovery of the method were studied.Through the reaction of ?-PGA with CPC,a homogeneous turbid solution was formed.The turbid solution was stable in 3h under proper pH value and ion strength,the absorbance of the solution at 680nm had a good linear relationshi Pwith the concentration of ?-PGA in the range 12.5~50?g/ml(R2=0.9939).The recovery was within the range of 86%~99.75%(n=5).The relative standard division of the method for determining ?-PGA at the concentrations of 5,10 and 40?g/ml were 0.14%,0.23%和0.025% repeatability.The turbidmetric method has advantages of convenience,simplicity and good repeatability and can be used to control the quality of ?-PGA and its products.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of duodenal obstruction in neonates.Methods Ultrasonography,clinical data and etiological diagnoses of the operation in 113 neonates with duodenal obstruction were reviewed retrospectively.The digestive tract,including stomach,duodenum,jejunoileum and colon,were examined in all patients with 8-12 MHz linear transducer before operation.Results In the 113 neonates with duodenal obstruction,63 cases were diagnosed intestinal malrotation,31 cases duodenal stenosis,14 cases annular pancreas,and 5 cases duodenal atresia.One hundred and six cases were diagnosed as duodenal obstruction by ultrasound,of which intestinal malrotation in 61 cases,duodenal stenosis in 29 cases,duodenal atresia in 4 cases,and annular pancreas in 12 cases.The diagnostic rate was 93.81% (106/113 cases),96.83% (61/63 cases),93.55% (29/31 cases),80.00% (4/5cases) and 85.71% (12/14 cases),respectively.The location of obstruction diagnosed by ultrasound was coincident with the operation in 92 cases,with a diagnostic rate of 81.42%(92/113).Conclusions High frequency ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosing the causes and location of duodenal obstruction.It can be used as the first choice of examinal methods for the neonates with duodenal obstruction.

Moderate drought stress has been found to promote the accumulation of active ingredients in Glycyrrhiza uralensis root and hence improve the medicinal quality. In this study, the transcriptomes of 6-month-old moderate drought stressed and control G. uralensis root (the relative water content in soil was 40%-45% and 70%-75%, respectively) were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2000. A total of 80,490 490 and 82 588 278 clean reads, 94,828 and 305,100 unigenes with N50 sequence of 1,007 and 1,125 nt were obtained in drought treated and control transcriptome, respectively. Differentially expressed genes analysis revealed that the genes of some cell wall enzymes such as β-xylosidase, legumain and GDP-L-fucose synthase were down-regulated indicating that moderate drought stress might inhibit the primary cell wall degradation and programmed cell death in root cells. The genes of some key enzymes involved in terpenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis were up-regulated by moderate drought stress might be the reason for the enhancement for the active ingredients accumulation in G. uralensis root. The promotion of the biosynthesis and signal transduction of auxin, ethylene and cytokinins by moderate drought stress might enhance the root formation and cell proliferation. The promotion of the biosynthesis and signal transduction of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid by moderate drought stress might enhance the drought stress tolerance in G. uralensis. The inhibition of the biosynthesis and signal transduction of gibberellin and brassinolide by moderate drought stress might retard the shoot growth in G. uralensis.
Droughts ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; genetics ; Plant Roots ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stress, Physiological ; Transcriptome

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of moxibustion and exercise comprehensive scheme intervention for children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence.

METHODSTwenty four cases of children in 12 to 14 years old were selected, 12 male and 12 female, they were treated with comprehensive therapy of exercise therapy and moxibustion. Running and jumping were selected as main exercise therapy, it became a suitable exercise amount when the heart rate reach to 150 to 170 times per minute, thrice each week, 35 to 45 minutes each time. After exercises they were treated with moxibustion, Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Dazhu (BL 11), Xuanzhong (GB 39), Geshu (BL 17) etc. were selected. After treatment for half a year, the changes of the body height, body weight, bone age(BA), growth hormone (GH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were compared before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe body height and bone age of the boys and girls were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05), the growth of body height was more than 4 cm, the growth of bone age was more than 0.5 years old in half a year; the testosterone of all children was significantly increased (all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in body weight, GH and E2 compared to those before treatment (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxbustion and exercise comprehensive scheme can effectively improve the children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence, the mechanism is related to the improving of the testosterone level.

Adolescent ; Body Height ; Child ; Estradiol ; metabolism ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Growth Disorders ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Human Growth Hormone ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; Moxibustion ; Testosterone ; metabolism ; Treatment Outcome

The questionnaire and the result of 2010' Hwato Cup National University Students' Acupuncture Manipulation Skills Competition were analyzed in this paper. It was showed that the competition achieved the significant effects of enhancing acupuncture manipulation skills for the university students and promoting the standardization on teaching acupuncture manipulation skills. The teachers and students were not very satisfied with the current acupuncture manipulation skill education. In the competition, only the item of reciting the classics achieved more than 90 scores, which just displayed the memory ability. The results of the manipulation competition were generally not very high. It is suggested that concerning to teaching acupuncture and moxibustion in the future, the ratio of class time for improving the practice ability on the human body should be increased and the practice on some manipulation techniques such as inserting the needle by holding the needle tip with the pressing hand, reinforcing-reducing technique by twirling and rotating the needle and warming needle technique should be intensified. It is necessary to enhance the interpretation, emphasis and supplementation on the keys and details of some manipulations of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities

Objective To explore the influencing factors on mild cognitive impairment among the community-based elderly population.Methods A‘n:m'matched case-control study was conducted to analyze the risk factors.COx regression model of survival analysis was selected to deal with non-geometric proportional matched data which was difficult to analyze by logistic regression modeI.Results Four hundred and twenty-three cases together with nine hundred and twenty-five controls were interviewed with an uniformed questionnaire.Through univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis,the odds ratio and 95%CJ of these risk factors appeared to be:physieal labor as 1.396(1.092-1.785);smoking as 1.551 (1.021-2.359);higher level of blood glucose as 1.354(1.102-1.664);HDL-C in the serum as 1.543 (1.232-1.932);LDL-C in the serum as 1.299(1.060-1.592);lower level of estrogen in the serum as 1.263(1.031-1.547);hypertension as 1.967(1.438-2.689);diabete:1.381(1.139-1.675);depressive disorder:1.406(1.110-1.780);cerebral thrombosis as 1.593(1.307-1.943);higher SBP as 1.331(1.129-1.569)and ApoEe4 carrier as 1.462(1.140-1.873)respectively.Odds ratio and 95%CI on protection factors appeared to be:reading newspaper frequently as 0.610(0.503-0.740);frequently doing housework as 0.804(0.665-0.973);frequently engaging in social activities as 0.617(0.502-0.757);reemployment after formal retirement as 0.759(0.636-0.906);having acumen olfaction as 0.900(0.845-0.958);having extrovert personality as 0.829(0.699-0.984);being decisive as 0.811(0.662-0.993).Conclusion The major measures to prevent MCI seemed to be including the following factors as:being intellectuals,engaging in healthy life style and decreasing the risk in developing hypertension,diabetes,depressive disorder and cerebrovascular disease.However.olfactory hypoesthesia,cowardice and haring introvert character,ApoEε4 carrier etc could be treated as early indications to signify MCI.

Objective To study the characteristics and influencing factors on hearing impairment among elderly population in the community of Taiyuan city. Methods 384 ageing people above 60 years old were selected from Chaoyang and Guandi community in Taiyuan city by multi-stage sampling. Data on influencing factors of hearing impairment were collected by questionnaire. 5 ml fasting blood samples were drawn to detect the level of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterin in the blood samples. All the objects were tested with binaural hearing. The level of binaural hearing threshold at 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz were measured by GVSLN-TC-GK2000 hearing-assistant evaluative apparatus. The level of 3 kHz, 4 kHz, average hearing threshold from ear with better audition was chosen as dependent variable. Socio-demographic data, environmental factors and biochemical indicator were chosen as independent variables, t test, ANOVA and accumulative logistic regression were performed to analyze the influencing factors on hearing impairment by software SPSS 13.0. Results The prevalence of hearing impairment among elderly population was 90.9%. The hearing disorder was 78.6% with 1.3% of them using hearing-assistant apparatus. Results from single factor analysis showed that the average levels of 3 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz hearing thresholds were significantly different among elderly with different age, sex, education background and the levels of glucose and cholesterin (P<0.01). Results of accumulative logistics regression showed that except glucosein which was the only one included in regression model of lower median frequency group, all the others were included in regression model of frequency group. Being male, older age and with higher level of glucose and cholesterin in blood were risk factors causing hearing impairment. Higher education level seemed to be a preventive factor. Conclusion Hearing impairment appeared in higher prevalence among the elderly population, suggesting that proper measures should be taken. It is beneficial for abating hearing impairment to decrease the level of glucose and cholesterin in blood.

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the prognostic value of neuroendocrine clone on colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSThe immunochemistry methods were used to investigate the percent of neuroendocrine carcinoma in 73 human colorectal carcinoma. Retrospective analysis and follow-up were carried out in all patients.

RESULTSIn all 73 cases of colorectal carcinoma, the total percentage of neuroendocrine carcinoma was 17.8%. Neuroendocrine carcinoma included 11 synapse positive, 6 chromogranin positive and 4 both positive. The major factors related to the prevalence of neuroendocrine carcinoma were sex, age, tumor location and Dukes' stage. And the 1-year survival rate of the patients who suffered from neuroendocrine carcinoma is obviously lower than that of other colorectal carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONSThe neuroendocrine carcinoma is a special kind of human colorectal carcinoma, and neuroendocrine clone may be a new marker of the malignant potency. The neuroendocrine clone has its prognostic value and may be a novel therapeutic target.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; metabolism ; mortality ; pathology ; Chromogranins ; biosynthesis ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; mortality ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Synapsins ; biosynthesis

BACKGROUNDAnomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital heart anomaly. We aimed to illustrate the clinical features and long-term prognosis of patients with ALCAPA.

METHODSTwenty three patients (13 males and 10 females, ages ranging from 2.5 months to 65 years) identified as ALCAPA in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from April 1984 to June 2009 were divided into two groups, based on the age of onset: group 1 (≤ 12 months, n = 16) and group 2 (> 12 months, n = 7).

RESULTSFifty six point three percent of patients in group 1 had been misdiagnosed as endocardial fibroelastosis (9/16), 18.8% as dilated cardiomyopathy (3/16) and 6.3% as myocardial infarction (1/16). Patients in group 2 were usually diagnosed as coronary heart disease, myocarditis, or patent ductus arteriosus. Electrocardiography in group 1 revealed abnormal Q waves with T wave inversion in leads I, avL, V(4)-V(6), especially in lead avL (deep and wide Q wave); but no specific manifestations in group 2. A higher percentage of patients in group 1 had cardiomegaly on chest radiograph (86.7% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.031), while pulmonary artery protrusion was more common in group 2 (26.7% vs. 83.3%, P = 0.046). Lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was present in group 1 than in group 2 ((48.5 ± 11.5)% vs. (65.0 ± 6.1)%, P < 0.001). Apical ventricular aneurysm (62.5% vs. 0%, P = 0.007), enhanced echogenicity of papillary muscles (87.5% vs. 28.6%, P = 0.011) and endocardial thickening (93.8% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.001) were more frequent in group 1 than in group 2. The ratio of the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) diameter to the aortic root diameter exceeded 0.14 in all cases, more prominent in group 2 (0.26 ± 0.05 vs. 0.33 ± 0.03, P = 0.009). Increased coronary artery collaterals within the interventricular septum were detected in 18 patients (78.3%) by Doppler imaging. Twenty one patients underwent cardiac surgery, including left coronary artery (LCA) ligation (1/21), LCA ligation plus coronary artery bypass grafting (1/21), Takeuchi operation (7/21), and LCA reimplantation surgery (12/21). Four patients underwent concomitant mitral valve repair and one received mitral valve replacement. Aneurysm resection was performed in 3 cases. Six patients died in hospital after surgery, and the rest of the cohort had no overt symptoms during a follow-up period of 6 to 166 months. Their abnormal Q waves gradually regressed or disappeared, and the LVEF and left ventricle size returned to normal range with alleviation of mitral insufficiency.

CONCLUSIONSThe accurate diagnosis of ALCAPA can be made with serial diagnostic methods. ALCAPA can be successfully treated with several types of cardiac surgery, and surgeries of establishing two-coronary-artery circulation are the preferred operations nowadays, with good long-term prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; diagnosis ; mortality ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities