Objective To investigate the protective effects of recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO)treatment on histopathologic changes seen in hyperoxia induced lung injury.Methods Rat pups were randomly divided into four groups:Ⅰ:air-exposed control group,Ⅱ: air-exposed+rhEPO-treated group,Ⅲ:hyperoxia-exposed control group,Ⅳ:hyperoxia-exposed+rhEPO-treated group.GroupⅢ and Ⅳ rats were exposed to 85% oxygen.GroupⅡand Ⅳ rats were received rhEPO (1 200 U/kg) subcutaneously on postnatal 0 day and 2 day.On postnatal 14 day,survival curve,measurement of body weight and lung weight,radical alveolar counts(RAC),microvessel count were compared,CD_ 31 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were performed by immunostaining to assess hyperoxia-induced changes in lung morphology.Results Treatment of hyperoxia-exposed rats with rhEPO prolonged the survival and resulted in a significant increase in the weight gain of body and lung[(25.88?2.59) vs(18.8?3.93) P

Observed index is a very important element in a research design, because it is a specific reflection of the effects of research factors on the research subjects and is indispensable in any research. Generally, there are two types of observed indexes: the indexes that reflect natural attributes, habits or states of the research subjects and the indexes that reflect the effects of different drugs or treatments on research subjects. This article mainly introduces the definition, characteristics, selection and observation of research indexes and the major and minor indexes.

Asteroid Hyalosis (AH) is a common clinical disease,which has been considered a benign disorder as it rarely impairs visual acuity.It was often discovered when the patient was treated for other eye diseases.The mechanism was unclear.Its characteristic B-ultrasound property makes the B-ultrasound a very helpful diagnostic technique.In the case of the patients with other fundus diseases associated with AH,optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography (FA) may be used to reduce the interference from asteroid bodies,therefore improve the fundus visibility.Recent studies have shown that AH can incorporate with many other eye diseases.For example,in patients with cataracts,asteroid hyalosis can cause surface calcification of silicone plate intraocular lenses,which in most cases may lead to the need for explantation of the calcified intraocular lenses.The efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV),the removal of some,or all,of the eye`s vitreous humor for AH remains controversial.In this paper,we provide a review of the recent literature on AH disease: the etiology,diagnosis and treatment.We hope to thus improve the awareness and outcomes of AH disease.

Racemic (±)-F18 (10-chloromethyl-11-demethyl-12-oxo-calanolide A), an analog of nature product (+)-calanolide A, is a new anti-HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcript inhibitor (NNRTI). A successful enantioseparation of (±)-F18 offering (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 was achieved by a chiral stationary phase prepared HPLC. Their absolute configurations were determined by measurement of their electronic circular dichroisms combined with modem quantum-chemical calculations. Further investigation revealed that (R)-F18 and (S)-F18 shared a similar anti-HIV activities, however, (R)-F18 was more potent than (S)-F18 against wild-type virus, K101E mutation and P225H mutation pseudoviruses.
Anti-HIV Agents ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Pyranocoumarins ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE To investigate the transcription level of gene hld of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the biofilm forming and detaching under MIC antibiotic and explore the relationship between biofilm-related drug resistance and persistant infection.METHODS The transcription level of gene hld of S.epidermidis under MIC concentration of 4 antibiotics was compared with those of the control group without antibiotics by SYBR real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR at the different time point of biofilm formation and detachment.RESULTS The transcription of gene hld decreased rapidly from initial adherence,and droped continuously for few hours.There was an increase from 24 hours to 72 hours in groups without antibiotics but not in antibiotics groups,the differenet was significant.CONCLUSIONS Antibiotics improve adherence at first and then prevent matrix decomposition water-conducting tube and detachment of cells by impact of transcription of gene hld,it can protect cells from killing by inhibiting the penetration of biotics and prevent them become planktonic cells after detachment from biofilm.

The tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model were used to evaluate the anti-depressant effect of supercritical CO2 extract from Compound Chaigui Fang (FFCGF). A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis was performed to explore the mechanism of FFCGF. Rats were conducted by CUMS procedure for 28 days and drugs were administrated at the same time. The body weight, sucrose preference, crossings and rearings in open-field tests were evaluated and the urine was collected simultaneously. The metabonomic profiles of rats' urine were analyzed by NMR and potential biomarkers were searched by multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that administration of FFCGF significantly decreasing the immobility time in FST and TST and improving rats' body weight, sucrose preference, crossings and rearings in CUMS, which were indication that the anti-depressant effect of FFCGF was abvious. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed, which were consistent with the results of behavioral tests. Decreased levels of acetic acid, succinic acid, 2-oxidation glutaric acid and citric acid and increased glycine and pyruvic acid in urine were significantly affected by the CUMS procedure and the 6 biomarkers were reversed evidently after administration of FFCGF. These changes were suggestion that the anti-depressant mechanism of FFCGF was associated with energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Body Weight ; Carbon Dioxide ; chemistry ; Depression ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a cellular stress protein, and its expression plays an important regulatory role in a lot of physiological and pathological processes. Although the expression of HO-1 in most tissues of body is low, a number of clinical and pharmacological experiments have proved that many compounds can induce HO-1 expression. The increase of HO-1 expression is the result of regulating different signaling pathways and transcription factors, and this induction of HO-1 is suggested to be partially therapeutic efficacy of these compounds. This article summarizes some kinds of compounds in this field of research at home and abroad over the last 10 years, and provides a brief analysis of the mechanism.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Coumarins ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Enzyme Induction ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lovastatin ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; pharmacology ; Peptide Hormones ; pharmacology ; Probucol ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of CO_2 pneumoperitoneum on the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) of gastric cancer MKN-45 cells. Methods CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures was simulated in vitro, and the gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were divided into test and control groups. In the test group, gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were cultured in CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures [5, 10 or 15 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)] for 4 hours. The condition of the cells exposed to CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 15 mm Hg was observed at 0.5, 2 and 4 hours. Gastric cancer MKN-45 cells in control group were cultured at normal atmospheric pressure. The expression of FAK and phosphorylated FAK (FAK Tyr397) of each group was detected by Western blot. Multiple-group analysis was done by one-way ANOVA, and intergroup comparison was done by LSD test. Results In CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with pressures of 5, 10, 15 mm Hg, the expression of FAK was 2.14±0.17, 2.07±0.21 and 2.52±0.26, respectively, and the expression of FAK Tyr397 was 1.82±0.28, 1.93±0.52 and 3.71±0.37, respectively. The expression of FAK and FAK Tyr397 in the control group was 2.43±0.46 and 1.71±0.23, respectively. We found significant differences between the 2 groups (F = 2.171, 26.951, P < 0.01). After gastric cancer MKN-45 cells being treated for 0.5, 2 and 4 hours in CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 15 mm Hg, the expression of FAK Tyr397 was 3.41±0.44, 4.12±0.56 and 5.24±0.41 respectively, which is also significantly different (F =116.119, P < 0.01). The expression of FAK Tyr397 was back to 0.72±0.16 1 hour after the release of CO_2. Conclusions CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures can not promote the expression of FAK in gastric cancer MKN-45 cells which had been cultured for 4 hours, but can activate FAK through promoting its phosphorylation. The degree of FAK phosphorylation increases with pressure and time, and the activity of FAK decreases to pretreatment level rapidly once pressure is released.

Objective To genotype Candida strains by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique,and to analyse the analogy of different Candida strains based on similarity coefficient.Methods Candida strains were isolated from vaginal secretion taken from patients with vulvovaginal can-didiasis by Sabouraud' s dextrose agar,C.albicans was differentiated from non-C.albicans strains by germ tube test,chlamydospore test and CHROMagar-Candida,and further identified by API20c Aux test Kits.The genomic DNA of45Candida isolates,including Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida krusei,Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis were amplified by RAPD,and DNA polymorphisms of inter-species and intraspecies were evaluated by using the DNA pattern-clustering of5primers.Results Thirty strains of C.albicans could be classified into7groups,and further divided into19subgroups,while15strains of non-C.albicans could be identified to species level.C.albicans isolates were related to each other with the similarity coefficients of more than90%,while different Candida species were connected to each other with the similarity coefficients of80%~90%.Conclusion C.albicans,which is the predominant pathogen of vulvovaginal candidiasis,could be classified into different genotypes by use of RAPD method.

Objective To analyze comparatively the outcome of modified Manipal and DeVega tricuspid annuloplaaty.Methods From Oct.2001 to Aug.2004,the consecutive 123 patients operated with modified Manipal tricuspid annuloplasty for tricuspid re- gurgitation at the time of left cardiac valve replacement(group A)were elected in this study.The other 174 patients operated with De Vega tricuspid annuloplasty at the time of left cardiac valve replacement were elected randomly for control(group B).There were no significant differences of the patient data before surgery between two groups.Results There were overall 11 early deaths(4 in group A,7 in group B),The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 3.7 %.215 of the 286 surviving patients were followed;the overall follow up was 75.2 %.Mean follow-up was(28.4?9.1)months(range from 13 to 49 months).There were ten late deaths and the late mortality rate was 4.7%.There was no significant differences in the patients with 3+～4+ tricuspid regurgitation at follow-up 18,30 and 42 months in group A;but there was an increase of the patients with 3+～4+ tricuspid regurgitation with an incremental follow up term in group B(P