Objective To investigate the metabolism and function of the intestinal microbiota from liver cirrhosis patients.Methods Sixteen cases of liver cirrhosis and twenty normal individuals were selected , whose intestinal microbiota metagenomic DNA was extracted , followed by high-throughput Solexa sequencing and the bioinformatics analysis of metabo-lism and function annotation to compare the differences between the patients and normal subjects and find out about the cir -rhosis-related functions .Results The functional diversity was significantly reduced in the intestinal microbiota of cirrhotic patients.At the module or pathway level , the intestinal microbiota of patients showed an enrichment in metabolisms of drugs, essential amino acid , propanoate metabolism and inflammatory reaction , whereas an opposite tendency was observed in the metabolic ability of butyrate , bile acid and cell cycle .Conclusion Under the influence of liver cirrhosis , the growth environment in the intestine is destroyed , causing, the intestinal microbiota the exhibit some compensation to adapt to the changed intestinal micro-environment .

OBJECTIVETo break through the restrictions of the evaluation model and the quantity of compounds by using the two-dimensional zebrafish model combined with chromatographic techniques, and establish a new method for the high-throughput screening of active anti-osteoporosis components.

METHODAccording to the research group-related studies and relevant foreign literatures, on the basis of the fact that the zebrafish osteoporosis model could efficiently evaluate the activity, the zebrafish metabolism model could efficiently enrich metabolites and the chromatographic techniques could efficiently separate and analyze components of traditional Chinese medicines, we proposed that the inherent combination of the three methods is expected to efficiently decode in vivo and in vitro efficacious anti-osteoporosis materials of traditional Chinese medicines.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe method makes it simple and efficient in the enrichment, separation and analysis on components of traditional Chinese medicines, particularly micro-components and metabolites and the screening anti-osteoporosis activity, fully reflects that efficacious materials of traditional Chinese medicines contain original components and metabolites, with characteristic of "multi-components, multi-targets and integral effect", which provides new ideas and methods for the early and rapid discovery of active anti-osteoporosis components of traditional Chinese medicines.

Animals ; Chromatography ; methods ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; trends ; Reproducibility of Results ; Zebrafish ; physiology

Cerebral Infarction ; etiology ; Dextrocardia ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Spleen ; abnormalities ; Syndrome

AIM: To understand the relation between the penetrating keratoplasty rejection and the methods of cornea preservation.
METHODS: The 30 Wistar rats as donator and 60 SD rats as receptor were used to establish the animal models of penetrating keratoplasty rejection. And 60 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Donor cornea of Wistar rats preserved in different methods were used separately in 3 groups. The penetrating keratoplasty rejection index ( RI ) , means survival time ( MST ) of corneal grafts and pathological changes in post -operation were analyzed.
RESULTS: The MST was ( 10. 4±1. 70 ) d in moist-chamber- preserved group (Ⅰ), ( 12. 9 ± 1. 81 ) d in medium-term-preserved group (II) and (16. 1±2. 57) d in cryopreserved group ( Ⅲ) . The MST in the cryopreserved group was evidently prolonged, showing a significant correlation compared with other two groups (P<0. 01). The sections with HE staining revealed that the severity of inflammation in Ⅲ group was reduced compared with that of Ⅰ, II group after 10d of keratoplasty.
CONCLUSION: The postoperative rejection of penetrating keratoplasty in rats is decreased and rejection time is delayed in cryopreserved cornea.

Objective Prepare biomimetic muitilayered scaffold which has similar structure of natural cartilage.Method By lyophilizing the scaffolds which were prefrozen at-20℃ and in liquid nitrogen successively,we prepared double-layered spongy scaffolds.By partially thawing the prefrozen samples and refreezing them in liquid nitrogen before the final liyophilization,we prepared biomimetic multilayered scaffolds with about 2mm thickness.XRD and FT-IR were used to confirm the interaction between collagen and chitosan.SEM was used to observe the morphologies of the scaffolds.The mechanical properties of pure chitosan scaffolds,pure collagen scaffolds,composite single-layered scaffolds and biomimetic multilayered scaffolds were compared both in dry and wet conditions.Results There was chemical interaction between collagen and chitosan.Composite materials will form better pore structure.The biomimetic multilayered scaffolds have upright pores,round pores and a dense layer from bottom to top of the scaffolds.The scaffolds have quite different mechanical properties between dry and wet state.Under wet state,the different layers of the biomimetic muitilayered scaffold have different mechanical properties.Results The biomimetic structure of the multilayered scaffold is very close to that of the natural articular cartilage,and the different layers of the biomimetic muitilayered scaffold had different mechanical properties under wet state.These are hopefully beneficial to help maintain the phenotypes of chondrocytes and promote the repairing effect of cartilage defects.

Objective Prepare biomimetic muitilayered scaffold which has similar structure of natural cartilage.Method By lyophilizing the scaffolds which were prefrozen at-20℃ and in liquid nitrogen successively,we prepared double-layered spongy scaffolds.By partially thawing the prefrozen samples and refreezing them in liquid nitrogen before the final liyophilization,we prepared biomimetic multilayered scaffolds with about 2mm thickness.XRD and FT-IR were used to confirm the interaction between collagen and chitosan.SEM was used to observe the morphologies of the scaffolds.The mechanical properties of pure chitosan scaffolds,pure collagen scaffolds,composite single-layered scaffolds and biomimetic multilayered scaffolds were compared both in dry and wet conditions.Results There was chemical interaction between collagen and chitosan.Composite materials will form better pore structure.The biomimetic multilayered scaffolds have upright pores,round pores and a dense layer from bottom to top of the scaffolds.The scaffolds have quite different mechanical properties between dry and wet state.Under wet state,the different layers of the biomimetic muitilayered scaffold have different mechanical properties.Results The biomimetic structure of the multilayered scaffold is very close to that of the natural articular cartilage,and the different layers of the biomimetic muitilayered scaffold had different mechanical properties under wet state.These are hopefully beneficial to help maintain the phenotypes of chondrocytes and promote the repairing effect of cartilage defects.

Objective To study the feasibility and safety of hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy for huge left hepatoma.Methods Nine patients with huge left hepatoma underwent hand- assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy including hepatocellular carcinoma(4 cases),intrahepatic cholangioearcinoma(1 case),hepatic metastatic squamous carcinoma(1 case),hepatic cavernous hemangioma(2 cases),and hepatic spindle cell tumor(1 case).The mean age was 45.3 years.AFP was positive in 3 cases and CEA was positive in 1 case.The preoperative liver function was Child-Pugh A in all patients.The procedure included dissection of left hepatic ligaments and portal triad clamping with Pringle's maneuver and hepatectomy.Results The laparoscopic procedures were completed safely in all patients including 6 left lateral segmentectomies and 3 left hemihepatectomies.There was no conversion to laparotomy.Mean surgical time was 111.7 minutes.Mean blood loss was 97.8 ml.Portal triad clamping was used in 8 cases and mean clamping time was 13.4 minutes.Neither formidable bleeding nor gas embolism occurred.There were no serious postoperative complications such as postoperative bleeding or bile leak or liver failure.Liver function recovered within 7 to 10 days.Preoperatively positive AFP and CEA turned negative after operation.The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8.4 days.Four patients with HCC underwent postoperative prophylactic hepatic arterial chemoembolization within the first postoperative month. All patients were tumor-free as evaluated by postoperative follow-up of 4～11 months.Conclusions Hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy for huge left hepatoma is feasible and safe in appropriately selected patients.

Objective To construct a luciferase reporter gene vector of perforin promoter and methylate it in vitro. Methods The promoter of the human peffofin was amplified by PCR, cloned into pMD18-T vector and subcloned into pGL3-Basie vector, and then con-finned by restriction mapping and DNA sequencing. The regions of interest were excised with the appropriate restriction endonucleases, then it were methylated with methylase Sss I(M. SssI)and S-adenosymethioine(SAM), and methylation was confirmed by digestion with appropri-ate methylation sensitive enzyme AciI and agrose gel electrophoresis, and then the fragment was relegated back into the promoter-reporter constructor pGL3-Basic. Results The result of DNA sequencing showed that the sequence of cloned promoter was right. The result of diges-tion methylation with appropriate methylation sensitive enzyme showed that perforin promoter was completely methylated. Conclusion The promoter of perforin was successfully cloned and completely methylated in vitro, which provided an important basis for the study of transfec-tion.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystadenoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Diseases in Twins ; pathology ; surgery ; Epididymis ; pathology ; surgery ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemangioblastoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease ; pathology ; surgery