Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; drug effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Superinfection ; drug therapy

Objective To investigate the application of pathogenic examination and biomarkers detection of cerebrospinal fluid in diagnosis of intracranial infection .Methods Pathogenic and biomarkers examination were performed in cerebrospinal fluid of 49 cases with intracranial infection (infection group) and 49 cases of craniocerebral trauma but without intracranial infection (control group) .Results Adenosine deaminase activity obviously increased in tuberculous meningitis cases ,glucose levels decreased in bac‐terial meningitis and cryptococcal meningitis cases ,protein and IgA content increased in bacterial meningitis cases ,IgG levels in‐creased in bacterial meningitis and tuberculous meningitis cases ,IgM levels increased in tuberculous meningitis cases (P<0 .05) . There were no significant differences of biomarkers levels between viral meningitis cases and control group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Combined pathogenic detection and biomarker detection of cerebrospinal fluid could be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial infection .

Implantation of metallic stents is an important method in treatment of airway strictures,and it is applied in increasingly for treating benign tracheobronchial strictures. In this article, we comprehensively introduced the selection of characteristic stents, the current status and progress of stent application in benign tracheobronchial strictures.

Epilepsy, Generalized ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; complications

Objective To explore the detection significance of brain natriuretic peptide in peripheral blood of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods 260 patients with CHD were selected and divided into 95 cases of stable angina pectoris(SAP) group,85 cases of unstable angina pectoris(UAP) group and 80 cases of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) group according to angiographic and clinical diagnosis.Another 80 cases of healthy people which were taken medical examination were selected as the healthy control group.The peripheral blood plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration of the study objects were detected,and the severity of coronary lesions was quantified by the coronary Gensini score.Results The peripheral blood brain natriuretic peptide average concentration of UAP group and AMI group was (498.00 ± 87.00) ng/L and (936.00 ± 102.25) ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than that of the SAP group [(213.46 ± 98.35) ng/L] and the control group [(97.63 ±20.07) ng/L] (t =8.78,12.01,6.26,2.38,all P ＜ 0.05).The peripheral blood brain natriuretic peptide concentration of patients with Gensini score≥20 points was significantly higher than that of the patients with Gensini score ＜20points(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The peripheral blood brain natriuretic peptide concentration of patients with CHD is correlated with coronary plaque stabilization and lesion severity.

[Objective]To discuss the operative treatments and evaluate the effects of reconstruction interlocking nail(RIN)in treating femoral shaft fractures associated with ipsilateral peritrochanteric fractures of the femur.[Method]A retrospective study was done on 37 patients with femoral shaft fractures combined with ipsilateral peritrochanteric fractures treated by RIN from September 2002 to Janurary 2009.This study involved 32 males and 5 females,with an average age of 36 years (range,24 to 69 years).Thirty-three patients had high-energy injury (26 of road accident,7 of falling from height),and 4 low-energy injury.Among them,13 patients had fractures in the upper one-third of the femoral shaft,18 in the middle one-third and 6 in the lower one-third.Six patients had open fractures (Gustilo scale Ⅰ in 1,and Ⅱ in 5).According to Garden classification for femoral neck fractures,there were 19 cases of type Ⅱ,9 cases of type Ⅲ and 2 cases of typ Ⅳ.According to AO classification for femoral intertrochanteric fractures,there were 3 cases of type A1.1,1 case of type A2.1.According to Seinsheimer classification for femoral subtrochanteric fractures,there was 1 case of type Ⅰ,and 2 cases of type ⅡA.The mean duration from injury to surgery was 3.7 days (range,4 hours to 13 days).After operation step-by-step functional rehabilitation was encouraged.[Result]The follow-up periods ranged from 14 to 38 months (average,24 months).Bony union was achieved in all patients.The average bony union time was 13 weeks for fractures of femoral shaft,14 weeks for femoral neck,12.6 weeks for intertrochanteric and 15.5 weeks for subtrochanteric fractures.Femoral head necrosis occurred in one case.No such complications as infection,loosening of nails,coxa vara,or malunion was found.According to Harris Scoring system,32 cases (86.5%)were rated as good or excellent.[Conclusion]The treatment of femoral shaft fractures associated with ipsilateral peritrochanteric fractures of the femur with RIN is a good method because of its advantages of small trauma,stable fixation,high union rate,few complications and good results.It may have fewer internal fixators.Carefully choosing suitable patients,sophisticated operation skills and active functional exercise after operation are keys to success.

Myopia is not only a global public health problem, but also a significant socio-economic problem. There are various hypotheses about the pathogenesis of myopia, which is basically the result of the combination of environmental and genetic factors. Although a large number of epidemiological studies have been carried out on the influencing factors of myopia, most of them are cross-sectional studies, longitudinal cohort studies are relatively few. This paper will summarize the influencing factors of myopia at homeland and abroad in recent years.

Objective To compare the safety and efficiency of endoscopic total extraperitoneal patchplasty(TEP)and modified Kugel hernioplasty for inguinal hernia.Methods The clinical data of 284 cases(312 surgeries)of preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair,including 134 cases(152 surgeries)of TEP and 150 cases (160 surgeries)of modified Kugel hernioplasty,were retrospectively evaluated from June 2009 to June 2011.Mean operative time,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative complications and recur-rence were compared between groups.Results There were no significant differences in mean operative time [(48.75 ±12.14)min vs(51.46 ±24.76)min,P=0.248],postoperative hospital stay [(5.23 ± 1.85)d vs(5.84 ±1.52),P=0.126],postoperative complications [5 cases(3.3%)vs 8 cases(5.0%), P=0.598]and recurrence [1 case(0.7%)vs 2 cases(1.3%),P=1.00]between TEP and modified Kugel hernioplasty,espectively.Conclusion TEP and modified Kugel hernioplasty are both methods for preperitoneal hernia repair and they can completely repair the defect of myopectineal orifice.They are safe and effective,which is worthy of being spread in clinical practice.

ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of high-order scattered X-ray in dose calculation in radiotherapy,to resolve the problem of correcting the dose contribution of secondary and high-order scattering X-ray to the primary scattered X ray,and to provide a support for photon fast dose calculation method of Monte Carlo.MethodsBy the theory of cross-section in interaction between X-ray with material and Monte Carlo calculating results,to analysis the relative importance of primary scattered X-ray,secondary and high-order scattered of X-ray in dose calculation.ResultsThe contribution of secondary and high-order scattered X-ray to dose calculation was very small,it can be corrected to the primary scattered X-ray with a correction factor.ConclusionsThe results show that we can obtain a precise dose calculation for radiotherapy by only to tracking the contribution of primary X-rays and primary scattering X-ray,so,to establishing the database for primary scattering X-ray by Monte Carlo methods is important for fast dose calculation of Monte Carlo method.

Objective To study the spectrum structure of X-ray and simplify the description method of it. Methods By the general program of Monte Carlo Geant4 to study X-ray spectrum structure and angular distribution of X-ray energy spectrum. Results The results of percentage depth doses and profile curves at different depths of any radiation fields in water phantom calculated by Monte Carlo Geant4 were consistent with the measurements. Conclusions In radiotherapy, X-ray with same nominal energy have very similar dosimetry characteristics, this indicates they have very similar energy spectrum and angular distribution of spectrum. the differences of dosimetric details reflect the different details of the X-ray spectrum structure and angular distribution of X-ray energy spectrum. These studies have very important significances to rapidly build precise virtual source modeling for Monte Carlo calculation based on dose curves measurements in water phantom.