Animals ; Birds ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; physiology ; Influenza A Virus, H7N7 Subtype ; physiology ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; physiology ; Influenza A virus ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the clinical value of whole blood red cell distribution width ( RDW) in discriminating lung cancer metastasis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients who were initially diagnosed as primary lung cancer.A total of 525 patients were included for analysis between January 2012 and July 2013,stratified by different stages and metastasis scenarios.RDW data was investigated.Kruskal-Wallis H tests were performed to know the difference of RDW without and within groups.Spearman correlation test was done subsequently to further analyze the correlationship among RDW and clinical parameters.Results RDW was14.5 ( 13.0-15.4 )%in patients with metastasis , which was significantly higher than those without metastasis [12.7 (12.3-13.0)%].Further analysis indicated a similar ascending trend in cases that already had distant or multiple organ invasion.For example,RDW was 14.6 (12.9-15.4) %in patients of stage ⅢtoⅣ,while was 12.6 (12.2-13.1) %in patients of stageⅠtoⅡ.RDW was correlated to lung cancer metastasis and stage advancement.Areas Under Curve ( AUCs) of ROC for lung cancer metastasis and distant metastasis were 0.823 ( 95% CI:0.787-0.859 ) and 0.710 (95%CI:0.655-0.765) respectively,indicating a promising accuracy.The Cut-off value for discriminating lung cancer with/without metastasis was 14.25% with sensitivity being 56.8% and specificity being 98.3%.Conclusion RDW may be a novel biomarker for auxiliary diagnosis of lung cancer metastasis and could be useful to understand state of illness.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the management of acute cholangitis during pregnancy. Methods The clinical data of 16 pregnant patients with acute cholangitis who underwent ERCP and/or endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) from August 2001 to February 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Two patients were in the first trimester, 8 in the second trimester and 6 in the third trimester of pregnancy. Two patients had endoscopic placement of a plastic biliary stent in the first trimester. EST was then used to remove the stones successfully 4 and 5 months later. ERCP was performed in 8 women in the second trimester and 6 in their third trimester. Successful clearance of biliary stones at the time of ERCP was achieved in 14 pregnant women. Two patients who had multiple biliary stones underwent placement of a plastic biliary stent to limit the total fluoroscopy time. A second ERCP was carried out on the 2 patients to remove the stones after delivery. Post-ERCP mild pancreatitis developed in 1 patient in the third trimester. There was no spontaneous fetal loss, premature births, intrauterine fetal distress, fetal growth retardation/mental retardation/fetal malformation. Conclusion Short-term follow-up of all neonates whose mothers received ERCP during their pregnancies supported the efficacy and safety of its use. However, the long-term fetal complications of radiation exposure have not been investigated.

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy and procedure related complications between endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and surgery in treatment for choledocholithiasis concomitant with liver cirrhosis. Methods The data of patients with choledocholithiasis concomitant with cirrhosis who underwent EST (n = 139 ) or surgery (n =98 ) for stone clearance from August 1985 to May 2008,were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results The success rates of complete stone clearance in EST and surgery groups were 95% and 100%,respectively. There was a significant difference in the rate of procedure-related complications between EST and surgery groups ( 16. 5% vs. 62. 2%,P ＜ 0. 01 ),as well as the mortality rate (5.0% vs. 24. 5% ). When patients were further grouped according to Child-Pugh liver function classification,a significant difference in rate of procedure-related complications was detected between 2 groups in patients of Child-Pugh B and C,as well as the mortality rate in patients of Child-Pugh C. Conclusion For patients with choledocholithiasis concomitant with liver cirrhosis,EST,with a stone clearance rate at 95%,is superior to surgery with a significant reduction in risk of procedure-related complication and mortality rate.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the management of acute severe cholangitis (ASC) in patients older than eighty. Methods The clinical data of 106 patients aged 80 years and over with ASC who underwent ERCP were reviewed. Results Among 106 cases, there were 95 patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones, and 11 patients with biliary tract neoplasms. The 11 cases with biliary tract neoplasms underwent endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) to correct critical situation. After stabilization, surgical treatment or stent placement was performed. The 61 of 95 cases with CBD stones underwent ENBD in critical phase and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus stone removal for subsequent treatment after stabilization. The 34 of 95 cases with CBD stones underwent EST to remove stones. Procedure-related complications were found in 5 patients. At 24 and 72 hours postoperation, the values of white blood cell count, serum total bilirubin, body temperature, and occurrence rate of patients with shock and mental symptoms were decreased in the other 101 patients.Conclusions For patients aged 80 years and over with ASC, ERCP is a safe and effective procedure.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of icariin (ICA) combined with the Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on immunological function in mice and provide some experimental evidences for the combination mechanism improving the spatial learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal model. Methods Based on serum pharmacological method, the ICR mice were individually ig administrated with ICA+PNS [(40+320), (80+640), and (160+ 1 280 ) mg/kg] or ICA (80 mg/kg), and PNS (640 mg/kg) only for 7 d. Drug-containing serum was prepared and effects on spleen lymphocyte proliferation of Bable/c mice induced by concanavalin-A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and on interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion were observed in vitro. Meanwhile, the immunological organ indexes of treated mice were evaluated. Results Drug-containing serum of ICA+PNS [(80+640) and (160+ 1 280 ) mg/kg] could improve the spleen lymphocyte proliferation induced by ConA (P0.05). Drug-containing serum of ICA+PNS [(80+640) and (160+ 1 280) mg/kg] could improve IL-2 production (P0.05), respectively. Conclusion ICA combined with PNS could improve immunological function selectively and promote T cell function in mice.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Galangin,Magnolol,Curcumin,Camptothecine,Matrine and Ginsenoside Rg1 on cell line S180 and the interaction of two-drug combination and three-drug combination.METHODS:The inhibitions of effective chemical compositions(ECCs)in Chinese material medicine on S180 cells were measured by MTT assay.The principle of the interaction between various ECCs and the possibility of drug combination were discussed.The sum of fractional inhibitory concentration(SFIC)and ostensible inhibition(OI)methods were used for evaluation of the interaction between various ECCs.RESULTS:Both the combination of Camptothecine and Matrine,and the combination of Camptothecine and Galangin by 1:1 proportion showed obvious synergism.IC50 of the combination of Camptothecine and Matrine is 2.918? g? mL-1,IC50 of the combination of Camptothecine and Galangin is 56.49? g? mL-1.Combination of all three compounds and other combination of two compounds showed antagonism.CONCLUSION:Synergistic and antagonistic effects exist in combinations of ECCs in Chinese material medicine.

0.05). Conclusion Acellular nerve allograft may be a substitute to autograft repairing facial nerve defects.

Pseudorabies is an important infectious disease for many kinds of livestock and wild animals, and causes important economics losses for pig industry. Many kinds of vaccines including attenuated live viruses or inactivated are widely used for vaccination of pigs and other animals. In the present review, research advances on pseudorabies new-type vaccines such as subunit vaccine, DNA vaccine, recombination vaccine, deletion-mutant vaccine is presented and point out the further development of the vaccine.

BACKGROUND: Numerous experiments and clinical practice show that human hair keratin artificial tendon induces the organism to form autogenous tendon. The process of autogenous tendon formation mainly involves the synthesis, secretion and package of collagen subtype I.OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of collagen subtype I mRNA expression in autologous tendon formation after human hair keratin artificial tendon implantation.DESIGN: A completely randomized controlled experiment based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Department of Histology and Embryology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Animal Center of the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from May 2003 to September 2004. Totally 33 New Zealand rabbits of either gender,weighing 2.0 to 2. 5 kg, were provided by the center. The animals were randomly divided into experiment 3, 6, 9, 12, 16 and 20 weeks groups, negative control 9 and 20 weeks groups and normal control group. Among them,experiment 3 and 6 weeks group and normal control group had 3 rabbits in each and the other groups had 4 rabbits. Human hair keratin artificial tendons were normal human hair treated by a series of biochemical methods and were supplied by the Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of the university. The human hair keratin artificial tendons were divided into three groups with different degradation rates, namely, fast(F), medium(B) and slow(Z). The tendons were made up of the fast, medium and slow degradation groups mixed at the ratio of 4: 3: 3.off by 1.0- 2.0 cm, human hair keratin artificial tendon was grafted by end-to-end anastomosis with both ends of the broken tendon before sewing control group, no artificial tendon was implanted although the animals ungroup was normal rabbits' tendon. Sampling was carried out at 3, 6, 9, 12, 16and 20 weeks after human hair keratin artificial tendon implantation in experiment groups, and at 9 and 20 weeks after operation in negative control group, respectively. The expression of collagen subtype I mRNA was detected at weeks 3, 6, 9, 12, 16 and 20 after grafting using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The ratio of collagen subtype I mRNA to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GADPH) mRNA in normal tendon and autogenous tendon induced by human hair keratin artificial tendon at all time points was calculated, and significance test between all these paired groups were performed.collagen subtype I mRNA/GADPH mRNA expression was 0.96 ±0.02 in expression of collagen subtype I mRNA/GADPH mRNA in autogenous tendon induced by human hair keratin artificial tendon in experiment group appeared at week 3, increased rapidly at week 3 to 6, peaked at week 6, and remained stable at week 9 to 20. The expression at week 6 was significantly higher in experiment group than in normal control group( F = 6. 254, P ＜ 0.05); the expression at other weeks was also significantly higher in experiment group than in normal control group( F= 1. 258 - 1. 987, P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The activation, proliferation and secretion of collagen protein as well as the synthesis of collagen subtype I by tenocytes may be responsible for autologous tendon formation after human hair keratin artificial tendon implantation.