BACKGROUND: Electrical muscle stimulation can certainly improve muscle protein synthesis and muscle mass growth, but there are also different research results. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of electrical muscle stimulation as a strength training method on the muscle strength of exercisers through meta-analysis, providing advanced method and evidence-based basis for future strength training in sports field. METHODS: Databases such as PubMed, EBSCO host, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP were searched for randomized controlled trials regarding electrical muscle stimulation for improving the muscle strength of exercisers. The literatures were screened by PICOS principles. The subjects were athletes and healthy controls with exercise experience, and they were divided into electrical stimulation group and control group (without any intervention). According to Cochrane criteria we conduct meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias evaluation through Stata 15.1 and Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, electrical muscle stimulation significantly increased concentric contraction peak torque in exercise population (combined effect: weighted mean difference=8.23, 95% confidence interval: 6.71-9.76, P < 0.000 1), and the effect was most obvious at the age of 20-22 years. Compared with the control group, electrical muscle stimulation significantly increased eccentric contraction peak torque in exercise population (combined effect: weighted mean difference=5.58, 95% confidence interval: 4.16-7.00, P < 0.000 01). The number of included experiments about isometric contraction peak torque was small and it was not suitable for meta-analysis. To conclude, electrical muscle stimulation training can effectively promote the concentric contraction peak torque and eccentric contraction peak torque of the exercise population, and the effect of electrical muscle stimulation as a training method on the muscle strength of exercisers needs to be explored in terms of indicators, ages and subjects.

Objective:To explore the perioperative safety management of patients with severe limb dysplasia, to select appropriate methods to monitor vital signs, and to prevent intraoperative acquired pressure sore, nosocomial infection and other related complications.Methods:A case of severe developmental disorder of extremities caused by acroscleroderma in November 2019 in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital needed to be amputated. By organizing multidisciplinary consultation to discuss the operation plan, repeatedly selecting appropriate tools, and multiple scenario simulation exercises, continuous transcutaneous oxygen saturation and noninvasive blood pressure monitoring could be realized for the patients with acromegaly deficiency of the extremities. Under the monitoring of color ultrasound, the arterial blocking pressure of the extremities was determined as the tourniquet pressure during the operation value, take appropriate measures to prevent intraoperative acquired pressure sore, nosocomial infection and other related complications.Results:With the cooperation of multidisciplinary team, amputation was successfully carried out for the patients. The position was comfortable during the operation, the operation process was smooth, the residual limbs healed well after the operation, and there was no intraoperative acquired pressure sore, nosocomial infection and other related complications.Conclusions:To establish a multidisciplinary cooperation mechanism, strengthen the construction of the operating room special group, and use evidence-based nursing methods and actual scenario simulation exercise can ensure the perioperative safety of patients with severe developmental disorder of extremities and similar patients with special body shape or very low weight.

Torque teno virus(TTV)is a nonenveloped virus containing a single-stranded,circular DNA genome of approximately 3.8kb.We completely synthesized the 3808 nucleotides of the TTV(SANBAN isolate)genome,which contains a hairpin structure and a GC-rich region.More than 100 overlapping oligonucleotides were chemically synthesized and assembled by polymerise chain assembly reaction(PCA),and the synthesis was completed with splicing by overlap extension(SOEing).This study establishes the methodological basis of the chemical synthesis of a viral genome for use as a live attenuated vaccine or gene therapy vector.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of de-pression after stroke.Methods Patients with depression in 134 cases of cerebral stroke from July 2011 to August 2012 in Tongli-ang People′s hospital were treated in department of internal medicine,and according to the different treatment methods were divided into experimental group and control group,each group of 67 cases.The control group was given paroxetine hydrochloride orally,the experimental group was based on the use of miananning granule in the treatment,obered curative effect of two groups.Results In the experimental group,the control group total effective rate were 95.5%,77.6%.The experimental group total effective rate was significantly better than the control group and has a statistically significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of depression after stroke is exact,it is worthy of popularization and application.

Objective:To prepare and evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane in preventing postoperative intestinal adhesion.Methods: Chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane was prepared with 11 ratio of chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose.Glutaraldehyde and ammonium aluminium sulfate were used for cross-linkage,glycerin for enhancing plasticity;and then the product was dried.The membrane was observed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and its tensile strength and breaking elongation were measured.Forty-eight SD rats with ileum injury were randomly divided into A,B and C groups(n=16).During operation,the injury in group A was treated with chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane,in group B with chitosan membrane,and in group C without treatment(control group).The adhesion was observed on the 14~(th) postoperative day.Results: The tensile strength of chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane was 20 MPa and the breaking elongation was 65%.SEM showed that the morphology of the membrane had crossed fibroid structures and irregular pores. The severity of adhesion in group A and B was significantly lower than that in group C(P

Objective:To investigate the effect of carboxymethylchitosan on autocrine growth factor and morphology of fibroblasts cultured in vitro,so as to discuss the possible mechanism by which carboxymethylchitosan alleviates overhealing and prevents adhesion in wound healing.Methods: Fibroblasts were cultured in vitro.Fibroblasts of passage 4-6 were treated with different concentrations of carboxymethylchitosan(0.01,0.1,1.0 and 10 mg/ml) for 4 days or with 0.1 mg/ml carboxymethylchitosan for 1,2,3, 4,5,and 6 days.The levels of autocrine transforming growth factor-?_(1 )(TGF-?_(1)) and epidermal growth factor(EGF) of fibroblasts were determined by ELISA and radioimmunoassay.The fibroblastic morphology was detected by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and microscope after fibroblasts were treated with different strategies.Results: Carboxymethylchitosan(≥0.1 mg/ml)inhibited autocrine TGF-?_(1) of fibroblast in a time-and concentration dependent manner(P0.05).Carboxymethylchitosan ((≥0.1 mg/ml))also inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts and caused their ultrastructural changes.Conclusion: Carboxymethylchitosan (≥0.1 mg/ml)can inhibit fibroblasts proliferation and reduce tissue adhesion, possibly through altering fibroblast ultrastructure and selectively inhibiting secretion of TGF-?_(1).

Objective: To study the correlation between HBV Pre-S1 antigen, HBeAg levels and HBV DNA copies, so as to assess the clinical value of Pre-S1 in detection of HBV replication. Methods: A total of 363 HBsAg-positive samples were collected. The levels of Pre-S1 antigen, HBeAg and HBV DNA copies were determined by ELISA, time-resolved immuno-fluorescent method and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR),respectively. The correlation between the determination results was analyzed. Results: Pre-S1 antigen level was correlated with the level of HBeAg (χ2 = 94.4,P<0.01), with the coefficient being 0.45; Pre-S1 antigen level was also correlated with HBV DNA(χ2 = 198.58, P<0.01), with the coefficient being 0.59. The positive rate of Pre-S1 increased with HBV DNA copies. When logarithm of HBV DNA copies was more than 3, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value(PPV), positive likelihood ratio(PLR) and odds ratio(OR) of Pre-S1 were 84.5%,91.2%,87.0%,94.1%,9.6,and 56.8 respective; the numbers of HBeAg were 50.4%,94.9%,67.2%,94.2%, 9.8 and 18.9, respectively. Conclusion: Pre-S1 antigen is correlated with HBV DNA and is more sensitive and accurate than HBeAg in reflecting HBV replication. The above 3 parameters can complement each other and the combination of them is more accurate in clinical diagnosis.

Objective: Taking Qiju Dihuang Pills (QDP) as the research object, time domain reflection method was used for real-time determination of moisture content in concentrated pills during drying process and optimization of the drying process parameters. Methods: The moisture model of the drying process of QDP was established by the relationship between the water, temperature, and the reflective signal value of time domain reflector. The effect of the drying process on the different thickness (8, 16, and 24 mm), different drying temperatures (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90℃) was investigated. Results: The moisture model of the drying process of QDP was measured by time domain reflection method as Y = 0.305 X-34.772 (r2 = 0.999); X = X(T)-(0.768 9 T-24.824 7) (T ≥ 30℃). The optimized process was as following: the process was dried at 60℃ to 13.8% moisture and then rising to 80℃, after being dried to 7.80%, cooled to 60℃ and dried to 5.0% target moisture. Conclusion: It is feasible to test the moisture content in the drying process of QDP by time domain reflection method. This method can be used to monitor and popularize the moisture content in the drying process of traditional Chinese medicine concentrated pills.

Humans ; Immunoglobulin D ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; classification ; complications ; Testicular Diseases ; etiology

ObjectiveTo assess the microscopic features of alopecia areata(AA) by using in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM).MethodsBetween January 2010 and May 2011,26 male and 20 female patients diagnosed with AA were enrolled in this study.AA lesions and perilesional normal skin were examined by means of in vivo CLSM.Tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions and perilesional normal skin of 10 out of the 46 patients and subjected to routine histopathologic examination.ResultsThe number of hair follicles per unit area(cm2) was decreased in lesions of progressive AA and resting AA compared with normal perilesional skin(134.856 ± 18.301 and 147.159 ± 17.536 vs.301.613 ± 35.317,both P ＜ 0.05).Although the quantity of hair follicles increased in lesions of recovery AA((227.778 ± 16.861 )/cm2),but was still less than that in the normal perilesional skin (P ＜ 0.05).There was a lack of hair shaft in follicles,as well as an inflammatory infiltration in hair follicles,around hair follicles and capillaries in superficial dermis in lesions of progressive AA.The inflammatory infiltration was attenuated in lesions of resting AA.In lesions of recovery AA,the infiltration was further attenuated with an apparent growth of lanugos and terminal hairs.ConclusionsAs far as AA lesions are concerned,CLSM images are consistent with histopathological findings.CLSM may serve as a promising tool for monitoring efficacy and predicting prognosis based on hair growth cycle,hair follicle number,and inflammatory infiltration degree.