Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) is a prevalent primary liver cancer that is driven by cumulative chan-ges in the hepatocyte genome which were influenced by the liver microenvironment .The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic system, including cancer cells, stroma, the extracellular matrix.tissue hypoxia, diet, gastrointestinal tract ( GIT) microflora and circulating microvesicles , The liver microenvironment plays a pivotal role in HCC tu-merigenesis , progression and therapeutic efficienry .The study of the HCC microenvironment will provide new in-sights into the mechanism of tumourigenesis and potential novel targets in the treatment of HCC .

AIM: To optimize the method of extracion and isolation for anthraquinone component from rhubarb for increasing the extraction rate and purity. METHODS: Rhubarb was extracted 4 times in the refluxing method with ethanol. The borate buffer solution was used as extracted fluid. Rhein, rheum emodin and chrysophanol could be obtained by Deltar 4 000 high-pressure making system, and the pure product obtained by recrystallizing with acetone. The YWG C 18 column was (4.6?250) mm, the flow rate 1.0 ml. min -1, and UV detection wavelength 254 nm. Methanol, water and acid perchloride were taken as mobile phase with the ratio of 910.01. RESULTS: Deltar 4000 high-pressure making system could be used to isolate the anthraquinone component from rhubarb, the purity of rhein, rheum emodin and chrysophanol was more than 80%, and the ertraction rate of rheum emodin reached 0.6%. CONCLUSION: The extraction of the anthraquinone component is simple and cheap with ethanol from rhubarb, and the extraction rate is high. Deltar 4000 high pressure making system can be used to isolate the anthraquinone component from rhubarb with a high the extraction rate and purity.

External-beam radiotherapy is one of the principle treatment options for localized prostate cancer. Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy is widely used in clinical practice. Studies have shown that prostate cancer is highly sensitive to hypofractionated radiotherapy, also known as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), and increasing radiotherapy dose can significantly improve the local control rate of tumor. A number of recently completed researches have shown that SBRT is as effective as conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. In terms of radiation toxicity, the short-term toxicity of SBRT is more obvious than that of conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, but there is no significant difference in long-term toxicity. SBRT can provide more convenience for patients, and the medical cost is lower, so it has a great clinical application prospect.

Transient receptor potential(TRP) superfamily includes seven subfamilies and TRP channels are regulated by a wide variety of physical and chemical factors. Recently, several members of the TRP channel family have been reported to be regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate(PIP2). The regulation is complex and it can be activation or inhibition, involving multiple mechanisms and factors. This review summarizes the PIP2 regulation of several TRP channels of different superfamilies and the related pathophysiological significance.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT)for traumatic spleen and liver rupture.Methods We made a retrospective analysis of 140 cases of liver and spleen injury with clinical manifestations confirmed by operation.MSCT examination results and clinical data were compared.Results Of the 140 cases,male patients outnumbered female ones,and the peak age was 10 - 30 years old.The injuries were most commonly attributed to traffic accident and falling.There were 69 (49%)cases of spleen injury,5 1 (36%) cases of liver injury,and 20 (14%)cases of both.Liver and spleen injuries showed on MSCT examination were liver and spleen laceration, hematoma within the liver and spleen as well as hematoma beneath the envelop. Conclusion MSCT has an important diagnostic value for traumatic liver and spleen rupture and thus can guide clinical treatment choice.

Aim To explore the protective effect of ac-tive components of Xiaoxuming decoction ( XXMD ) on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats dur-ing early recovery period .Methods The ischemia and reperfusion of middle cerebral artery model rats were established by nylon wire with 2 hours ischemic time on healthy male SD rats .The models of MCAO were eval-uated by Zea-Longa′s standard score .The model rats were randomly divided into sham operation group , the ischemia/reperfusion model group , the active compo-nents group of Xiaoxuming decoction and the positive group (extract of ginkgo biloba leaves EGb 761).Rats were orally administrated with different drugs 24 h after operation for up to 14 days, once a day.The effect of active components of Xiaoxuming decoction on behavior changes of MCAO rats in different recovery period was evaluated by a series of behavioral assessent methods such as modified neurological severity scores and cor-ner test.The infarct volume was observed by TTC stai-ning.Moreover, the contents of MDA and the activities of GSH-Px, SOD and NOS in the penumbra and core tissues of rat brain were detected by spectrophotometric method.Results Compared with the I/R model group, the active components group of XXMD could significantly alleviate the neurological deficit scores with prolonged administration . The motion function tended to be normal , stayed longer on the balance beam, sensory function gradually restored sensitivity , reduced the radio of turning to the right .Among them , compared with model group , the active components of XXMD could effectively improve the neurological dys-function after five days of administration ( P<0.05, P<0.01).Meanwhile, the active components of Xiaox-uming decoction could significantly reduce the infarct volume percentage in the cerebral tissue on post opera-tion day 5 and 14(P<0.01).In addition, the active components of XXMD could reduce the content of MDA and the activity of NOS , increase the activity of SOD and GSH-Px.Conclusion The active components of XXMD can generate neuroprotective effect in early stage of recovery and may play a major role in regula-ting the level of oxidative stress in rat brain .

In this paper, 29 endophytes were isolated from different organs and tissues of Lycium barbarum of Ningxia by tablet coating method, 18 of them was fungi, and 11 of them was actinomycetes. The endophytes quantity in the different tissues were leaves > flowers > roots >fruits; The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of 11 endophytes were investigated by Fenton reaction, and total antioxidant capacities of them were examined by a. total antioxidant capacity test kit; culture features and strain-specific sequence analysis were employed to explore the diversity of the 11 endophytes. The result showed that 5 fungi and 6 actinomycetes that having antioxidant activity could be phylogenetically classified into 3 genera, 3 genera and 3 families, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the 11 endophytes showed distinct difference. The antioxidant activity of Aspergillus were stronger, among which total antioxidant capacity of fL1 was (188.5 ± 0.549) U · mL⁻¹ and the IC₅₀ was 0.3 mg · L⁻¹; the IC₅₀ of strain fL1 was 0.42 mg · L⁻¹ and the total antioxidant capacity of fL9 was (113.63 ± 1.021) U · mL⁻¹, all of them were stronger than the positive control Vit C. The experimental results indicated that endophytic fungi of L. barbarum of Ningxia have a great developing and application prospect for the development of antioxidant agent.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Bacteria ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biodiversity ; Endophytes ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Fungi ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Lycium ; microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of acupuncture of points of three hand yang meridians for treating postapoplectic finger contracture. Methods: Sixty patients with postapoplectic finger contracture were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received acupuncture of points of three hand yang meridians and the control group, conventional acupuncture. The curative effects and posttreatment hand myodynamia scores were compared between the two groups. Results and Conclusion: All the cure rate, marked efficacy rate and total efficacy rate were significantly higher in the treatment group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Hand myodynamia score was significantly lower after treatment than before in both groups (P＜0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment. It is indicated that clinical hand function was improved more in the treatment group than in the control group.

NuclearfactorκB(NF-κB)isanimportanttranscriptionfactorinmammaliancells.Asa multifunctional factor,NF-κB is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as immu-nity and inflammation .At the molecular and cellular level,NF-κB regulates initiation and progression of neo-plasms.NF-κB also plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis of neoplasms.Radiotherapy is one of the most important methods in tumor treatment .In recent years,a number of studies discovered that NF-κB is critical in the development of resistance of tumor cells to radiotherapy,which results in poor progno-sis.We can use NF-κB as a biomarker in predicting outcomes of anticancer treatment or as prognostic indicators in patients who are with tumors.So we can find different potential inhibitors aimed at NF-κB and its signal pathway in order to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy.In the present study,the correlation of NF-κB mole-cules with radiotherapy of neoplasms is reviewed.

Objective:To explore the relationship among lottery buying behaviors,risk attitudes and lottery re-lated cognitive distortions,in order to propose suggestions about the intervention of problem lottery players and the healthy development of the lottery.Methods:Totally 228 lottery players (120 males,108 females;150 unmarried,78 married)sampled from Jinan were asked to fill out the Questionnaire of Lottery Buying Behavior (LBB),Domain Specific Risk-Taking Scale (DOSPERT)and Lottery Related Cognitive Distortions Scale (LRCD).Correlation a-nalysis and path analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:The scores of irrational behavior of LBB were posi-tively correlated with the DOSPERT total scores and its factor scores of recreation and gambling,and positively cor-related with the LRCD total scores and its factor scores except optimistic (r=0.17 -0.34,Ps<0.01 ).While the scores of rational behavior of LBB were negatively correlated with DOSPERT total scores and factor scores of rec-reation and gambling,and negatively correlated with LRCD total scores and its factor scores of illusion of control, illusory correlation,over optimistic and gamblers'fallacy (r=-0.18 --0.37,Ps<0.01 ).Path analysis showed that lottery related cognitive distortions had complete mediating effect between risk attitudes and irrational behaviorsof buying lotteries.Lottery related cognitive distortions partially mediate the relationship between risk attitudes and rational behaviors of buying lotteries.Conclusion:It suggests that the higher risk attitudes the lottery players hold, the greater cognitive distortions they will have,which in turn the irrational behaviors of buying lotteries might easily to have.