Objective To observe the symptoms,short and long term effects of body gama-knife in treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma.Methods 76 patients with obstructive jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma were treated with OUR-QGD body gamma-knife.The single therapeutic dose was 3.0-4.0 Gy,isodose curves was 50.0 ％-65.0 ％,the total treatment time was 10-12 times.The liver function,blood routine and adverse effects were monitored.Results Among 76 patients,the jaundice symptoms of 69 cases were significantly reduced,the TBIL and ALT levels were significantly lower than that before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),the ORR was 88.16 ％ (67/76),DCR was 90.79 ％ (69/76).The median TTP was 8.8 months and the median OS was 13.4 months.Conclusions Body gamma-knife treatment for obstructive jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma can significantly improve symptoms of patients,and improve their life quality.This treatment has less adverse effects and satisfaction short-time and long-term effects.

Objective: To establish a white noise-induced stress ulcer model in rats and to assess the changes of gastric parietal cell configuration and acid secretion under noise stress. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: NS 4 h,8 h and control groups. The rat NS model was induced by white noise. The pH values of gastric juice were measured by the pH/mV pH meter and the gastric ulcer index (UI) was evaluated. The stomach tissue was processed for immunofluorescence detection and the β subunit of H+, K+-ATPase was immunostained. The gastric parietal cell configuration was observed with conventional microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: (1)The pH value of NS 4 h group (2.22±0.05) was significantly lower than that of control group (2.59±0.21, P<0.05), but higher than that of NS 8 h group (1.31±0.06, P<0.01). (2) The UI of NS 4 h group (10.5±1.29) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), but significantly lower than that of NS 8 h group (34.36 ± 2.22, P < 0.01). (3) The reticular pattern parietal cells in NS 4 h group (55.5±3.42)/100 was significantly higher than that in control group (42.5±3.70/100, P<0.01), but lower than that in NS 8 h groups (62.0±3.46/100, P<0.05). (4) The pH was negatively related with both UI (r=-0.85, P<0.05) and the number of reticular parietal cells (r=-0.89, P<0.05). Conclusion: A white noise-induced stress ulcer model has been successfully established in rats. NS rats develop gastric mucosal lesions with increased acid secretion, which is closely related with the oxyntic function of parietal cells.

3D printing technology has become the focus of the study on rapid proyotyping technology in recent years. This paper introduced the principle, material and equipments of 3D printing, as well as the foot orthosis. This paper also summarized the application of 3D printing in custom-made foot orthosis, and the differences between 3D printing and traditional technology from the aspect of structure design, material, and clinical application, etc., and discussed the problems and future development of 3D printing.

Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; therapeutic use ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; gamma-Globulins ; therapeutic use

Objective To retrospectively study the character, surgical interventions of chordomas in the cervical spine. Methods All the clinical data of 8 cases of chordoma arising in the cervical spine which under went surgical treatment in our department from 1989 to 2006 were retrospectively reviewed, which including 5 males and 3 females. The patients ranged from 34 to 72 years at diagnosis, with an average age of 53.8 years. Surgical interventions were defined according to WBB criteria. 3 patients underwent subtotal centrum or total centrum resection, 2 patients underwent sagital resection and 2 patients received subtotal or total spondylectomy. Extracapsular excision was performed in a intradural invasion case. Autogenic iliac blocks were used as bone graft in 5 cases and titanium mesh with bone cement filling-in for anterior pedestal in 2 cases for reconstructing the stability of spine. Radiation therapy was given as an adjuvant treatment after surgery. Results Symptom of nerve root irritation disappeared or relieved prominently and the patients suffering spinal cord compression symptom got well recovery with at least 1 or 2 levels after operation. The typical “Physaliphorous cell” could be found in the oncologic examination in all those cases. Follow-up average 43.5 months, ranged from 3 to 120 months. All the internal fixation got well fusion and the rate of fusion for the bone graft was 100%. There were 4 cases in which the postoperative local recurrence of the tumor can be seen, with one patient dead of complications of high paralysis, but no local recurrence was observed in the cases which received total spondylectomy. No evidence of distant metastasis was observed in 7 cases for our series except the special intradural case which had the operation history for “sacral chordoma” before. So we consider it as a intradural metastasis case of the primary sacral chordoma. Conclusion Chordomas are rarely seen in the cervical spine and the typical clinical manifestation is rare in pristine cases. So we should think highly of the CT and MR examination for diagnosis. Total spondylectomy with postoperative radiation therapy could lower the rate of local recurrence.

Objective To understand the gene characteristics of envelope region of human T lymphotropic virus type Ⅰ(HTLV Ⅰ)from Shantou region of China. Methods The gene of proviral envelope region of HTLV Ⅰ Shantou strain (named HTLV Ⅰ WHP)was amplified by PCR,using 4 designed primers,and then was sequenced,meanwhile it was compared with that of various HTLV Ⅰ representative strains from all around the world,and subsequently it was analyzed to construct its phylogenetic tree.Results The nucleotide sequence of complete envelope region of HTLV Ⅰ WHP provirus we have obtained was 1466 bp.There no deletion and insertion in the deducted amino acid sequence.The results of phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the HTLV Ⅰ WHP strain was most closed to some of the strains from Japan and Caribbean,and like the latter,belonged to the subtypea of cosmopolitan group.Conclusion The HTLV Ⅰ strains either from the coastal region of Southeast China or from Japan,Caribbean and so on have the common origin of evolution.

Objective:The paper aims to evaluate the impacts of the urban residents’ basic medical insurance on the medical treatment and preventive care services utilization through quantitative evaluation. Methods:The China Health and Nutrition Surveys ( CHNS) Data collected from 2006 to 2011 were used to compare the difference between medical treatment and preventive care services utilization adopting the difference-in-difference method and the Probit model. The control group urban residents did not participate in the basic medical insurance while their treatment group participated. Results:The medical treatment and preventive care services utilization were more for the treat-ment group than they were for the control one. The age, education level, annual per capita income and hypertension influenced the medical services utilization, and the annual per capita income was a protective factor. The age and ed-ucation level also influenced the preventive care services utilization. Conclusion: The urban resident basic medical insurance plays an important role in the medical treatment and preventive care services utilization. Meanwhile, this factor continuously enhanced the coverage and the per capita income protection for medical services.

Objective:To calculate the health efficiency of government health expenditures in 1990 , 2000 and 2010 and analyze its determinants. Methods:To calculate the health efficiency of government health expenditures and analyze its determinants by using the DEA-Tobit model. Results:Health efficiency of government health expenditures has been increasing gradually;the same provinces are found to be on the productive frontier, but the provinces off the frontier are different;eastern provinces have a higher efficiency than those in the middle and western regions. Fiscal decentralization has a significant negative impact on health efficiency. Conclusion:The current Chinese fiscal decen-tralization system reform is important to improve the health efficiency of government health expenditures.

Objective:To explicit phenylephrine (PE), α1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR) on myocardial fibrosis regulation and interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expressions in pressure overloaded mice.
Methods:A total of 49 KM mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: Blank control group, n=7, Sham operation group, n=7, Transverse abdominal aortic constriction (TAC) group, n=35, and 8 weeks later, the mice in TAC group were further divided into 5 sub-groups as TAC control, TAC+PE, TAC+Praz, TAC+Prop, TAC+Carv sub-groups, n=5 in each sub-group, and the animals were respectively treated for 3 weeks. Left ventricular collagen volume fraction (CVE), hydroxyproline content and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α expressions were examined respectively.
Results: By 8 weeks treatment, compared with Blank control group, TAC group had obvious myocardial fibrosis, increased hydroxyproline content and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α expressions,P<0.001. Compared with TAC control sub-group, TAC+PE, AC+Prop, TAC+Carv sub-groups showed decreased CVF, hydroxyproline content and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αexpressions,P<0.001, while the above changes were not obvious in TAC+Praz sub-group,P>0.05; CVE and hydroxyproline content were similar between TAC+PE and TAC+Prop sub-groups, while the expressions of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were obviously decreased in TAC+Prop sub-group,P<0.05. Conclusion: PE may improve myocardial ifbrosis and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α expressions by activating α1-AR in pressure overloaded mice, α1-AR might be a defending factor for myocardial ifbrosis.

Objective To study the effect of Schwann cell enclosed by antibody of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 on injured spinal cord. Methods Over 98% of the purity of Schwann cells obtained from bilateral sciatic nerves of 2 days newborn SD rats, the concentration of Schwann cells was about 2.5?104 /?l. The Schwann cells were enclosed by the antibody of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 using co-culture. The adult SD rats (weight 200-250 g) were used to establish the model of spinal cord injury by hemi-transection at the left side of T10 level. The animals were divided into three groups; the SC group was transplanted with 20 ?l suspension Schwann cells; the anti-L1 group with 20 ?l Schwann cells enclosed by antibody of neural cell adhesion molecule L1; and the control group was injected solely with normal saline to the injured cord. Eight weeks later regenerated neural axons were investigated through horseradish peroxiase HRP retrograde trace immunohistochemistry of neurofilament and Western blot. Results Few regenerated neural axons appeared in the control group; some of regenerated neural axons could be observed in anti-L1 group; plentiful and bulky regenerated neural axons were found in SC group. The group with antibody had significant less HRP positive neurons and neural axons than the group without antibody. Western blot showed that the quantity of neurofilament in the anti-L1 group was only two thirds of the SC group. Conclusion Schwann cell-derived neural cell adhesion molecule L1 is able to enhance the neural axon regeneration of injured spinal cord.