Objective To study the effect of catharsis method on the levels of plasma MTL and VIP of OOC rats,and investigate the rationality of purgation and lubricant purgation treating OOC. Methods The models of constipation by outlet obstruction were made by constricting the rectum of rats partly, and taking out stitches in vitro to relieve obstruction.Using the Da Cheng Qi Tang (DCQT) and Ma Ren Wan (MRW) as carrieres to object the effect of catharsis method on the levels of plasma MTL and VIP of rats and contrast histopathologie severity of colitis. Results The inflammatory reaction of intestinal mucous was relieved significantly in DCQT group and MRW group, and levels of plasma MTL were raised significantly than normal group(P＜0.05). The levels of plasma VIP went down significantly in model group, DCQT group and MRW group than in normal group(P＜0.01). Conclusion Purgation and lubricant purgation could relieve the inflammatory reaction of intestinal mucosa of OOC rats, influence the levels of plasm MTL and VIE and promote defecation.But we must consider using them exactly.

Objective To study the effect of doxepin on some gut hormones of psychological stress ratsMethods To stimulate the 6-OHDA.treated rats to attack the experimental rats as social psychological stressor,and to detect the change of levels of plasma motilin(MTL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) of experimental rats.Results The level of plasma MTL and VIP of the rats in model group were (318.5±89.37)pg/ml and(65.78±12.10)pg/ml.There were significant difference(P<0.01)between model group and normal group [(223.43+73.05)mg,/mol,(88.27±16.90)me/mol].The level of plasma MTL and VIP of the rats in control group were(267.37±80.33)pg/ml and(77.54±13.36)pg/ml.There were significant difference(P<0.05)between control group and model group. Conclusion Strong psychological stress could influence levels of plasma MTL and VIP of the rats.But Doxepin could adjust the emotional state of psychological stress rats and relieve the effect of psychological stress on levels of plasma MTL and VIP of rats,thus affect gastrointestinal motility.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the necessity of physical examination and laboratory diagnosis before operation of patients with anorectal diseases,and analyze the occupational harm of the staff.METHODS The results of physical examination and laboratory diagnosis before operation in 320 cases were reviewed,and summerized the various kinds of infectious diseases.RESULTS Forty-eight(15.00%) cases accompanied with variety classes of infectious diseases,and 39(12.19%)cases of them accompanied with transfusion-transmitted disease.CONCLUSIONS It is important to think highly of the current situation of anorectal diseases accompanied with infectious diseases,evaluate reasonably the occupational diagnosis to avoid occupational harm.

Objective To investigate the changes in the serum MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and the expressions of MMP-9 in lung, kidney and intestine in rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and confirm extracellular matrix injuries being the mechanism in MODS in order to propose a novel theoretical basis for cfinical treatment of MODS. Method Forty wister rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n=8) and MODS model group (n=32). The rats of model group were further divided into four subgroups ac-cordingto the time elapsed after modelling: 12 h (n=8), 24 h(n=8) ,48 h(n=8) and 72 h (n=8), and were modelled by celiac injection of mixed liquid of zymosan-paraffin (4 mL/100 g) after blood loss (1mL/100 g) by extirpating their left eyes. Blood,lung, kidney and intestine were sampled 12,24,48 and 72 hours after models were established. The histological changes in the lung, kidney and intestine of the rats were observed by light mi-croscope. The serum MMP-9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The immunohisto-chemistry was used to observe the expression of MMP-9 in lung,kidney and intestine during different phases of MODS. The data were processed by one-way ANOVA and Bivariate analysis. Results Compared with control group, the organs were injured by congestion, edema and inflammatory cells infiltration to a certain extent in model groups. The serum MMP-9 increased markedly 12 hours after modelling (P<0.01 ) and peaked 48 hours later. The expressions of MMP-9 in lung, kidney and small intestine significantly increased from 12 h to 72 h after mod-elling (P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The MMP-9 increased both in serum and tissue are closely associated with the pathological process of MODS. The mechanism of organ damage probably attributes to the damage of extra-celluar matrix and tissue construction.

The pathological processes of neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative changes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are closely related to microglia. The pathophysiological functions of microglia are closely correlated to their different cell subtypes. Disease-related microglia (DAM) are a special subtype of microglia, which recently discover on the lesions of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. DAM are identified as important cells that induce neurodegeneration. The in-depth discussion of DAM role in pathological mechanism of neurodegeneration after TBI provides new clues for understanding and treating neurodegeneration after TBI; therefore, this article focuses on the above content and summarizes the research progress of DAM and neurodegeneration after TBI.

The pathological process continues to evolve for a long time after acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI), often coupling with neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative complications. Microvascular dysfunction and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction caused by neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction are closely related to the pathological process of many neurodegenerative diseases. The study on the pathological mechanism of neurovascular unit dysfunction is a promising research field of TBI-related neurodegeneration, and also provides a new idea for the treatment of neurodegeneration after TBI. Therefore, this article mainly reviews these.

Femoral neck fracture (FNF) in the elderly patients is currently a major health challenge worldwide, with excessive consumption of medical resources, high incidence of complications as well as suboptimal outcome and prognosis. Hip joint arthroplasty (HJA) has been the mainstream treatment for FNF in the elderly, but the conventional surgical approaches and techniques are still confronted with a series of bottlenecks such as dislocation, limp and limb length discrepancy. In recent years, direct anterior approach (DAA) for HJA (DAA-HJA) has been a major new choice in the field of joint replacement, which achieves improved clinical effectiveness of HJA in the treatment of elderly FNF, due to the fact that DAA approach involves the neuromuscular interface and accords with the idea of soft tissue retention and enhanced recovery after surgery. However, there is still a lack of unified understanding of standard technique and procedure of DAA-HJA in the treatment of elderly FNF. Therefore, relevant experts from the Hip Joint Group of Chinese Orthopedics Association of Chinese Medical Association, Youth Arthrology Group of Orthopedic Committee of PLA, Orthopedic Committee of Chongqing Medical Association, Branch of Orthopedic Surgeons of Chongqing Medical Doctor Association and Sport Medicine Committee of Chongqing Medical Association were organized to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the technical standard of direct anterior hip arthroplasty for elderly femoral neck fracture ( version 2023)" based on evidence-based medicine. This consensus mainly proposed 13 recommendations covering indications, surgical plans, prosthesis selections, surgical techniques and processes, and postoperative management of DAA-HJA in elderly patients with FNF, aiming to promote standardized, systematic and patient-specific diagnosis and treatment to improve the functional prognosis of the patients.