Objective To summary the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of enormous infant bran-chial cleft cyst(EIBCC).Methods 17 cases of EIBCC inpatient were retrospectively analyzed,with the clinical char-acteristics,CT imaging materials.17 cases were treated with operation.The surgical operation was performed with the L curve of the external jugular incision.The the clinical effect was observed.Results The 17 EIBCC cases clinically appeared as difficult breathing in different degrees.The results of CT were consistent with the pathological diagnosis. There was no necrosis of the cervcal iskin flap.There was no post -operative recurrence after a half to 6 years following -up.Conclusion Dyspnea is the common clinical manifestation of EIBCC.Spiral CT is of great importance to diagnose the IBCC.Airway maintenance is the premise of safe cure.Surgical ablation is the main treatment of EIBCC.

OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical experience of endoscopic thyroidectomy via suprasternal approach. METHODS Endoscopic thyroidectomy via suprasternal approach was performed in 35 patients with ultrasonic scalpel. RESULTS Operations were successfully performed in 35 patients. The mean operation times were 130 (105～190) minutes in 24 cases with subtotal lobectomy and 4 case with total lobectomy, 60 (50～70) minutes in 2 cases with isthmectomy, 228 (185～270) minutes in 2 case with bilateral subtotal lobectomy, 163 (140～215) minutes in 3 case with subtotal lobectomy and the contralateral ademona resection .The bleeding during operation was 5 to 40ml and the average hospital stay time was 4 (3～5) days. CONCLUSION Endoscopic thyroidectomy via suprasternal approach is a safe way with good cosmetic value.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the surgical treatment of parapharyngeal space foreign body and to discuss feasibility of Endoscopic transoral approach. METHOD: Reviewing surgical treatment in eight cases of parapharyngeal space foreign body, nature and location of foreign body. surgical methods, and treatment results were analyzed. RESULT: Eight patients' foreign bodies were all removed by surgical treatment, there were no postoperative infection. Three cases of foreign body were removed through laterocervical approaches, one removed through submandibular approach. In four cases the foreign body were removed through Endoscopy, two of them were transoral approach and the other two were taken out after antiotomy. CONCLUSION Different approaches should be taken in the surgery treatment of parapharyngeal space foreign body according to imaging positioning.
Endoscopy ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Pharynx ; pathology ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo compare the influence on the postoperative wound healing between inflatable pressure applicator and traditional pressure dressing.

METHODSFrom May 2009 to February 2010, 50 patients with closed femoral shaft fractures were randomly divided into group A and group B, with 25 patients in each group. There were 13 males and 12 females in group A, ranging in age from 38 to 60 years, with an average of (55.1 +/- 9.5) years; of them, road accident was in 18 cases, fall from heigh was in 6 cases, accidental falling injury was in 1 case. There were 15 males and 10 females in group B, ranging in age from 40 to 65 years, with an average of (56.5 +/- 9.2) years; of them, road accident was in 13 cases, fall from heigh was in 6 cases, accidental falling injury was in 6 cases. There was no significant difference between two groups in clinical data. The postoperative wounds of group A were binded with dressing of inflatable pressure applicator; and of group B with traditional pressure dressing. Volume of drainage at 12 h after operation, saturation of blood oxygen at 12, 24 h after operation, satisfactory rate of patients were compared between two groups.

RESULTSPostoperative volume of drainage in group A was lower than that of group B, respectively was (77.5 +/- 4.6), (94.3 +/- 3.8) ml. Saturation of blood oxygen at 12, 24 h after operation in A group was respectively (98.3 +/- 1.1)%, (98.9 +/- 0.8)%, and in group B was respectively (96.5 +/- 0.4)%, ( 97.0 +/- 0.3)%; there was significant difference between two groups at the same time. Satisfactory rate of patients in A group was better than that of group B.

CONCLUSIONInflatable pressure applicator can obviously pressurize and stop bleeding for postoperative wounds, but no affect on peripheral blood supply and can improve discomfort of patients.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Compression Bandages ; adverse effects ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To study the changes in total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant enzyme activity of Polygala tenuifolia callus in MS medium with different concentrations of H₂O₂,in order to explore the physiological mechanism of Polygala tenuifolia callus in adapting to H₂O₂ environmental stress at the cellular level. Method:Five gradients of 0,5,10,15,20 mmol·L^-1 were set for H₂O₂ concentration and added to MS medium, with P. tenuifolia callus as the experimental material. Total phenols,total flavonoids and antioxidant enzyme activities of callus were determined after 5,10,15,20,25 d of culture,respectively. Result:The contents of total phenols and flavonoids were the highest when the concentration of H₂O₂ was 5 mmol·L^-1 for 15 d. The SOD activity was the highest when the callus was cultured for 5 d and the exogenous H₂O₂ concentration was 5 mmol·L^-1. POD activity was the highest at 25 d and 5 mmol·L^-1 concentration of exogenous H₂O₂.CAT activity was the highest at 25 d and 15 mmol·L^-1 concentration of exogenous H₂O₂. Conclusion:P. tenuifolia callus has the ability to adapt to the environmental stress of H₂O₂ at a certain concentration. When it is subjected to the environmental stress of H₂O₂,P. tenuifolia callus can alleviate the damage by regulating its secondary metabolites and protecting enzyme system. It can significantly promote the content of total phenols and flavonoids in secondary metabolites at 5-10 mmol·L^-1. SOD activity was significantly increased at 5 d and the concentration of exogenous H₂O₂ of 5 mmol·L^-1. POD activity was significantly increased at 25 d and the concentration of exogenous H₂O₂ of 5 mmol·L^-1. CAT activity was significantly increased at 25 d and concentration of exogenous H₂O₂ of 15 mmol·L^-1.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the therapeutic effect of one stage surgical treatment in the multiple primary hypopharyngeal and cervical thoracic esophageal carcinoma.METHODS The thoracoscopy group: dissecting the esophagus and mediastinal lymph node assisted with thoracoscope, and then opened abdominal cavity to make gastric tube. Head and neck group: doing the cervical lymph node dissection, total laryngectomy, total hypopharyngectomy and total esophagectomy, and then anastomosis of the pharynx with gastric tube. All cases were received conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy after operation.RESULTS All the cases in this group were successfully underwent the one stage operation. The postoperative complications were pulmonary infection in 3 cases, pleural effusion in 2 cases and tracheal tear in one case. No anastomotic fistula or postoperative deaths occurred. The 3 and 5 year survival rates were 63.6% and 50.0% respectively.CONCLUSION It should take necessary examinations of cervical thoracic esophagus to prevent missing the multiple primary carcinoma of the hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The total laryngectomy, total hypopharyngectomy and total esophagectomy, and anastomosis of the pharynx with gastric tube for multiple primary hypopharyngeal and cervical thoracic esophageal carcinoma is a feasible and active treatment method.

The primary cause of injury and death in the elderly has been reflected in fall the elderly, so the application of reasonable and effective prevention strategies has great significance in reducing the risk of fall in the elderly. The research progress of virtual reality technology applied in preventing fall in the elderly at home and abroad over the years was systematically reviewed in this study. The mechanism of the technology in preventing fall in the elderly was mainly elaborated from five aspects of improving balance ability, gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, muscle strength and the fear psychology of falling. The purpose of this thesis is to broaden the research ideas of medical personnel on the prevention of fall of the elderly, provide more effective clinical practice plans, reduce the occurrence of fall, and guarantee the safety of the elderly.
Aged ; Humans ; Gait ; Muscle Strength ; Technology ; Virtual Reality

Objective To construct a model of Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) for forecasting the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Xianyang, Shaanxi, China, and provide valuable reference information for JE control and prevention. Methods Theoretically epidemiologic study was employed in the research process. Monthly incidence data on JE for the period from Jan 2005 to Sep 2014 were obtained from a passive surveillance system at the Center for Diseases Prevention and Control in Xianyang, Shaanxi province. An optimal SARIMA model was developed for JE incidence from 2005 to 2013 with the Box and Jenkins approach. This SARIMA model could predict JE incidence for the year 2014 and 2015. Results SARIMA (1, 1, 1) (2, 1, 1)was considered to be the best model with the lowest Bayesian information criterion, Akaike information criterion, Mean Absolute Error values, the highest R, and a lower Mean Absolute Percent Error. SARIMA (1, 1, 1) (2, 1, 1)was stationary and accurate for predicting JE incidence in Xianyang. The predicted incidence, around 0.3/100 000 from June to August in 2014 with low errors, was higher compared with the actual incidence. Therefore, SARIMA (1, 1, 1) (2, 1, 1)appeared to be reliable and accurate and could be applied to incidence prediction. Conclusions The proposed prediction model could provide clues to early identification of the JE incidence that is increased abnormally (≥0.4/100 000). According to the predicted Results in 2014, the JE incidence in Xianyang will decline slightly and reach its peak from June to August.

Objective:To study the effect of different hormone ratios on the callus induction of roots,stems and leaves of Polygala tenuifolia,and determine and analyze the amount of flavonoids in roots,stems and leaves of P. tenuifolia. Method:With MS as the basic medium and roots,stems and leaves of P. tenuifolia sterile seedings as explants,the effects of 2,4-D,NAA and 6-BA on callus induction and flavonoid accumulation in different parts of roots,stems and leaves of P. tenuifolia were determined by orthogonal test. Result:2,4-D,NAA and 6-BA had significant effects on the callus induction rate of roots,stems and leaves of P. tenuifolia. The optimal callus induction combination of leaves was MS+3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+1.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA,the optimal callus induction combination of stems was MS+1.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+3.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+1.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA,the optimal callus induction combination for roots was MS+1.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+1.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA. And 2,4-D,NAA and 6-BA had significant effects on flavonoid accumulation in the stem callus of P. tenuifolia,and MS+3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA was the best flavonoid accumulation combination.NAA,6-BA had significant effects on flavonoid accumulation in the leave callus of P. tenuifolia,while 2,4-D had no significant effect,and MS+3.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+2.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+1.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA was the optimal flavonoid accumulation combination,the three hormones had no significant effect on the accumulation of flavonoids in the root callus of P. tenuifolia,and MS+2.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg·L^-1 NAA+1.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA was the best flavonoid accumulation combination. Conclusion:Under the conditions,the callus induction rate of roots,stems and leaves of P. tenuifolia is 100%, especially, the callus of P. tenuifolia leaves was the optimal,which is followed by P. tenuifolia stems and P. tenuifolia roots. Under the conditions,the amount of flavonoids in roots,stems and leaves of P. tenuifolia reach 21.31,24.56,23.61 mg·g^-1,respectively.

Objective:This study intends to study the regulatory effect and mechanism of the effective components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos on inflammatory factors related to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through multiple levels of neuropathology， molecular neurobiology and functional behavior. Method:The 32 male rats were randomly divided into four groups： sham group， model group， Danhong components compatibility group（720 mg·kg^-1）， nimodipine （0.5 mg·kg^-1）groups，each group of eight male rats.Cerebral ischemia was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） approach. The treatment was performed immediately and at 6 hour after MCAO.Hematoxylin-eosin （HE）staining was used to check the changes of brain histopathology， immunohistochemistry and Real time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were used to check the expression of IL-1β and Nrf2 in brain tissue，Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Nrf2 in brain tissue. The aim is to investigate the treatment mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos components in a rat model of cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury. Result:HE staining results showed， compared with sham group， the surviving neurons amount in the model group was significantly reduced（P<0.01），compared with the MCAO group，the number of surviving neurons in the brain tissue of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos component compatibility group and nimodipine group was significantly increased（P<0.05，P<0.01）.The results of immunohistochemistry and Real-time PCR showed that，compared with normal group，IL-1β and Nrf2 expression in model group were significantly increased （P<0.01），compared with MCAO group， the expression of IL-1β and Nrf2 in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos component compatibility group and the nimodipine group was significantly decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Western blot results showed that， compared with sham group， Nrf2 positive expression in model group was much more increased （P<0.01）， compared with MCAO group， the expression of Nrf2 in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos component compatibility group and the nimodipine group was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Conclusion:The combination of effective components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos can significantly down-regulate the expression of IL-1β and Nrf2 proteins.The mechanism is to activate the protein expression of inflammatory pathways， reduce the apoptosis of nerve cells， and finally inhibit the inflammatory response in the process of ischemic stroke injury.