OBJECTIVE: To compare several METHODS: ameliorating the disintegration of calcium citrate tablet .METHODS: To prepare calcium citrate tablet by six different METHODS: and to determine and evaluate the prepared tablet in respect to the apperance,difference in weight of tablets,hardness,friability and stability .RESULTS:The disintegration was not significantly ameliorated by increasing disintegrant or decreasing lubricant .The hardness was decreased and the friability was increased by decreasing the amount of binder or adding more disintegrant or crushing calcium citrate to powder.The two latter METHODS: increased the difference in weight of tablets.CONCLUSION:The optimal method to ameliorate the disintegration is to diminish the grain diameter and the other parameters of quality is able to be up to the standard.

Objective: To investigate several factors influencing Tongmaihuashuan Capsule packing variation. Methods:To prepare Tongmaihuashuan granule with different granule size and distribution. To add the talcum for 0,2%,5% in order to increase its fluidity and to place the granule under the different humidity in order to maintain different water content. To fill the capsule with these granules by the capsule filling machine with the rotating velocity of 1100r/min and 1430r/min, respectively. To determine precisely the capsules average weight and compare their weight standard deviation. Results: When the granule size of “b” is more uniform than that of “a”, the weight standard deviation of “b” and “a” are 0.0525g and 0.0623g, respectively. When the talcum is added for 0,2%,5%, the weight standard deviation are 0.064g, 0.052 g and 0.047g, respectively. When the water content of granule are 2.4%, 4.1%, 9.8%, the weight standard deviation are 0.043g, 0.064g, 0.075g . When the velocity of capsule filling machine are 1100r/min and 1430r/min, the weight standard deviation are 0.053g and 0.062g. Conclusion: The granule size, fluidity, water content and the velocity of capsule filling machine influence Tongmaihuashuan capsule packing variation. In order to control the capsule quality, these factors should be considered and optimized.

BACKGROUND: In the healing process of fracture, if the callus tissue around the location of fracture is cleared, the end of fracture is difficult to be integrated completely, and more or less there would be some bone de fect. We deduce that these callus tissues are the necessary product during the process of bone reparation, which ought to be useful. Concerning this,we observed histological content and the volume of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) with histological analysis and hybridization in situ of the frozen section of these calluses to investigate the effects of callus graft in the healing process of fracture.OBJECTIVE: To understand the salvaging value of bony callus organization around fracture in delayed operation by means of determining histological substances and contents of TGF-β1.DESIGN: Hybridization in situ of the callus tissue and randomized-grouping and controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Taizhou City PARTICHANTS: Totally 51 inpatients who received delayed fracture operations in the Department of Orthopaedics of the Second Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University and Central Hospital of Taizhou City from July 1994 and October 2003 were recruited. In some cases of delayed fracture operation, callus was obtained with the consent of patients, Dig labeled kit was bought from Boehringer Mannheim Corp. CTT GCT GTA CTGTGT GTC CAA, TGF-β1 oligonucleotide probe sequence, was synthe sized by DNA synthesizer. Computer X-ray system was bought from Japan Fuji Corp. METHODS: 2,4,6,8 weeks after fracture, a small amounts of callus was obtained. Frozen section was made from undecalcified callus tissue, and noneisotope Dig labeled hybridization in situ, observe gene expression of TGF-β1 in callus. In the operation, after clearing the bone stump and fas tening the fracture, original bony callus was grafted to the bone defect and around the fracture. Simple callus graft, flank bone graft or both were adopted respectively on patients in delayed operation with follow-up obser vations were given for 1-4 years, with the average of 1 year and 9 months,at outpatient clinic for recheck.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Histological substance and TGF-β1 content of bony callus at different phases of the fracture. ② Effect of different mode of bone graft on the time of fracture healing. RESULTS: Totally 51 cases were treated, and 7 cases were not followed up for death or moving to other areas. Data of the followed-up 44 patients were collected into the stage of result analysis. ① Gene expression of TGF-β1 in bone callus: In the second week after fracture, there were a small amount of fibrous bone callus and comparatively much cartilage bone callus,and TGF-β1 was hypso-expressed in cartilage cells inside the cartilage islet; about four weeks later, TGF-β1 was notably expressed in os teoblasts; about eight weeks later, a host of calluses grew, mainly carti laginea, and the numbers of formed fibroblast, callus, osteoblasts and tra becular bone were increasing. TGF-β1 expression in all kinds of cells dis appeared after six weeks but had a tendency to rise again in bone matrix in the eighth week. ② There were no significant difference of healing time in different modes of bone graft .CONCLUSION: TGF-β1 plays an important role in balancing bone healing, and necessary connections exist between tissue change in bone callus and change in expression of TGF-β1. As callus is a product of recovery and reconstitution of organism, we regard callus graft salvage as a feasible method in reducing pain and damage to patients who need graft.

PURPOSE: Cathepsin K is a potent collagenase implicated in human and animal atherosclerosis-based vascular remodeling. This study examined the hypothesis that serum CatK is associated with the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2011 and December 2012, 256 consecutive subjects were enrolled from among patients who underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention treatment. A total of 129 age-matched subjects served as controls. RESULTS: The subjects' serum cathepsin K and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. The patients with CAD had significantly higher serum cathepsin K levels compared to the controls (130.8+/-25.5 ng/mL vs. 86.9+/-25.5 ng/mL, p<0.001), and the patients with acute coronary syndrome had significantly higher serum cathepsin K levels compared to those with stable angina pectoris (137.1+/-26.9 ng/mL vs. 102.6+/-12.9 ng/mL, p<0.001). A linear regression analysis showed that overall, the cathepsin K levels were inversely correlated with the high-density lipoprotein levels (r=-0.29, p<0.01) and positively with hs-CRP levels (r=0.32, p<0.01). Multiple logistic regression analyses shows that cathepsin K levels were independent predictors of CAD (odds ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 1.56; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These data indicated that elevated levels of cathepsin K are closely associated with the presence of CAD and that circulating cathepsin K serves a useful biomarker for CAD.
Aged ; Biological Markers/blood ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Cathepsin K/*blood ; Coronary Artery Disease/*blood/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: Cathepsin K is a potent collagenase implicated in human and animal atherosclerosis-based vascular remodeling. This study examined the hypothesis that serum CatK is associated with the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2011 and December 2012, 256 consecutive subjects were enrolled from among patients who underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention treatment. A total of 129 age-matched subjects served as controls. RESULTS: The subjects' serum cathepsin K and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. The patients with CAD had significantly higher serum cathepsin K levels compared to the controls (130.8+/-25.5 ng/mL vs. 86.9+/-25.5 ng/mL, p<0.001), and the patients with acute coronary syndrome had significantly higher serum cathepsin K levels compared to those with stable angina pectoris (137.1+/-26.9 ng/mL vs. 102.6+/-12.9 ng/mL, p<0.001). A linear regression analysis showed that overall, the cathepsin K levels were inversely correlated with the high-density lipoprotein levels (r=-0.29, p<0.01) and positively with hs-CRP levels (r=0.32, p<0.01). Multiple logistic regression analyses shows that cathepsin K levels were independent predictors of CAD (odds ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 1.56; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These data indicated that elevated levels of cathepsin K are closely associated with the presence of CAD and that circulating cathepsin K serves a useful biomarker for CAD.
Aged ; Biological Markers/blood ; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism ; Cathepsin K/*blood ; Coronary Artery Disease/*blood/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative sequential transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by selective portal venous embolization (PVE) in patients with marginally resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The aim was to find out whether this combined procedure helped to increase the rate of extended radical liver resection.Methods From March 2009 to November 2016,29 patients with HCC which were marginally resectable underwent preoperative TACE combined with PVE were included into this study.All these patients were subsequently assessed to undergo radical hepatectomy.The complications,laboratory results,volume changes of each liver lobe and patient survival were analyzed.Results TACE combined with PVE was successful in all the 29 patients.There were no major complications.After the procedure,the volumes of the tumor and the part of the liver to be resected decreased to certain degree.The remnant liver volume (RLV) increased remarkably.The RLV were (395.4 ±58.7) cm3 and (599.2 ±75.2) cm3 before and after the procedure,respectively.The difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).19 patients underwent radical hemihepatectomy or trisectionectomy,with a resection rate of 65.5％ (19/29).There were sufficient surgical margins in all the resected tumors.After operation,the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 58.8％,35.5％ and 17.6％,respectively.Conclusion For HCC patients who had marginally resectable HCC,preoperative TACE combined with PVE efficiently controlled the growth of the tumors,decreased the volume of the liver lobe with tumor,increased the RLV,and made it possible for a planned two-stage radical hepatectomy with sufficient surgical margin and better survival in a significant proportion of patients.