Objective To depict the characteristics of the flow shape and distribution of superficial lymphadenophathy and to clarify the effiency of color Doppler flow imaging and power Doppler sonography in the differential diagnosis.Methods Prospectively,81 cases with 95 lesions were observed and clarified as four vascular patterns by sonography and were correlated with the histopathological or clinical diagnosis.The four vascular patterns were as follows: type Ⅰ shows central hilar vascularity with radial symmetric branches; type Ⅱ shows eccentric hilar vascularity with deformed radial branches; type Ⅲ shows subcapsular vessels(Ⅲa),mixed vessels(Ⅲb),or multifocal hilar vasculature(Ⅲc); type Ⅳ shows spotted or peripheral flow signals.Results The majority ( 85.0% ) of the benign reactive nodes revealed a vascular pattern of type Ⅰ,while a few ( 10.0% ) showed that of type Ⅱ.The most( 97.8% ) of lymphoma showed the patterns of type Ⅱ( 33.3% ) and type Ⅲ( 64.5% , and Ⅲa 28.9% ,Ⅲb 22.2% ,Ⅲb 13.4% ,respectively).The vascular patterns of metastatic lymphadenopathies were of type Ⅳ( 66.7% ) and type Ⅲb(26.7%).The lymphoma which revealed a vascular pattern of type Ⅱ were mostly of high grade differentiation in pathological results.The differrent vascular types of metastatic nodes has no correlation with its histologic source.Conclusions Color Doppler sonography is a valuable method for aid in the differential diagnosis of superficial lymphadenophathy by using findings of intranodal vascularity.

Objective To measure the thickness of the iliotibial band(ITB)in normal adult volunteers and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ITB injury.Methods Ultrasonography was used to measure the thickness of the ITB in 20 normal adult volunteers,which were compared with the sonographic findings in 11 patients with iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBFS).Results The thickness of the ITB in normal volunteers was(1.55±0.40)mm at the level of the femoral condyle and(2.05±0.30)mm at the insertions of tibial tubercle(Gerdy's tubercle).There were no significant differences between the right and left sides.In each of 11 patients with ITBFS,there was a more ITB thickness in symptomatic side than that of asymptomatic side(more than 30% in the difference between two sides).The ITB had a area of decreased echoginicity in symptomatic side.The thickened position of ITB were at insertion resion in 6 cases,at the level of femoral condyle in 3 cases and diffuse in 2 cases.Bursa fluid were found in 4 cases.Conclusions Ultrasonography can effectively evaluate the degree and range of ITB injury,and can give important information for clinical theraphy.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound in diagnosing shoulder lesions.Methods Ultrasound images were obtained by two museuloskeletal sonologists in 111 patients suspected of having rotator cuff and non-rotator cuff lesions which were confirmed by following arthroscopic surgery.Results The arthroscopic findings demonstrated that there were two or more lesions in one patient in majority of patients,included 67 supraspinous tendon tears,5 infraspinous or subscapular tendon injuries,10 calcific tendonosis,2suprascapular notch cysts,34 subaeromial bursitis,1 intrabursa loose body,13 biceps longus tendon dislocation or disruption,and 21 lahrum injury.The accuracy of ultrasonogrpahy was 92% in diagnosis of supraspinous tendons tear,97% in subscapular tendon inj uries,96% in calcific tendonitis,1 00% in suprascapular notch cysts,88% in subacromial bursitis,100% in biceps longus tendon dislocation or disruption,and 81% in labrum injury.Conclusions Ultrasound can evaluate shoulder lesions effectively.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to provide the guidelines with respect to the location of the facial vessels, observe the potential reversed flow of the facial artery, and reemphasize the value of color Doppler ultrasound studies in flap planning.

METHODSA study was carried out to investigate the location and dynamics of the facial artery and vein using color Doppler ultrasonography in 12 adults.

RESULTSThe facial artery and the vein were located together at the lower border of the mandible. Around the oral commissure and under the nasal ala, they run apart from each other at variable distances. The reverse flow was observed in the 12 patients after the blood flow of the facial artery was blocked by applying pressure manually at the lower border of the mandible.

CONCLUSIONSThe divergence of the facial vein from the artery is important information in planning of axial pattern flaps. Observation of the reversed flow confirms the possibility of safe elevation of a retrograde flow-arterialized flap based on the distal portion of the facial artery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; Face ; blood supply ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; methods ; Veins ; diagnostic imaging