Objective To construct an objective,comprehensive core competence evaluation index system for nursing postgraduates,and to provide evidence for postgraduates nursing education.Methods According to literature review,expert interviews,focus group discussions,Delphi and other research methods,we conducted two rounds of 32 experts consultation in 18 cities from 10 provinces to establish the final core competence evaluation index system.Results The two experts consultation derived core competence evaluation index system including 7 level-1 indexes,20 level-2 indexes and 53 entries.Level-1 indexes:theoretical knowledge and skills,critical thinking ability,research ability,clinical care ability,teaching skills,interpersonal communication skills,professional development skills.Conclusions This program is rigorous and reliable,with some theoretical and practical significance of its results,which provide a reference for the training program,evaluation of the quality,assessment of postgraduate nursing education.

Objective To explore the effect of nursing students' factors on the teaching effect of nurse patient communication experience . Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 208 nursing students who received nurse-patient communication experience teaching. Research content included nursing students' subjective factors and objective factors, and non-technical expertise. The training effect factors affecting the personal factors questionnaire, self-made demographic characteristics questionnaire andnursing soft skills assessment scale were adopted to make evaluation and SPSS 17.0 was used to make correlation analysis to the obtained data. Result For respondents, the factors such as one-child in general demographic characteristics and social work experience had correlation with the teaching effect (r=0.270, 0.725; P=0.000, 0.010). Nursing students' non-professional and technical capacity, personal characteristics and the teaching effect were correlated with the teaching effect, among which the nursing students' interper-sonal relationship, organization and management skills, self-efficacy, learning power had the correlation coefficients with the teaching effect of 1.000, 0.725, 0.192 and 0.470, P<0.05, respectively. Conclusion In the teaching process, it has positive effect on the teaching effect to create the practice condition, increase the favorable factors, and guide the self awareness of nursing students.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the nuclear proteomes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-depleted A549 cells (Rho0 cells) and their parental cells (Rho+ cells),and to learn more about the nuclear responses to mitochondrial dysfunction.METHODS The nuclear proteomes of Rho and Rho + cells were characterized by two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and SELDI-TOF ProteinChip technologies,the differentially expressed protein- spots were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrum (MS),the nucleophosmin and P53 expression were detected by Western blotting assay,and the mitochondrial memhrane potential (MMP) was measured by the laser scanning confocal microscope.RESULTS 2-DE results showed 11 protein-spots were down-regulated and 21 protein-spots were up-regulated in Rho0 cell nuclei.SELDI-TOF MS analysis with NP20 ProteinChips revealed 4 protein-peaks decreased in Rho0 cell nuclei.One down-regulated protein-spot was identified as elF-6,and 4 up-regulated proteinspots were identified as nucleophosmin,SFRS1,SFRS3 and hnRNP G,respectively.The increased expression of nucleophosmin in Rho0 cells was verified by Western blotting.Based on the clues from proteomic analysis,P53 expression in Rho0 cells was higher than in Rho + cells,and MMP was consistent in Rho + and Rho0 cells.CONCLUSION mtDNA-depletion induces nuclear proteome alteration.Rho0 cells can be used as a model to study the crosstalk between mitochondrion and nucleus.

This in vitro study demonstrated that taurine supplemented culture medium enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin secretion and mineralized matrix formation. Taurine induced activation of ERKI/2 and osteoblast differentiation, which was blocked by pretreatment of osteoblasts with ERKI/2 inhibitor (PD98059), suggesting taurine stimulated osteoblast differentiation via ERKI/2.

The education of postgraduate nursing is the highest level in nursing education system.Innovative capability cultivation is the core of postgraduate nursing education,as well as an important measurement index of education quality.How to reform and innovate teaching methods and foster highly specialized clinical talents based on their characteristics has been the focus of attention and exploration.This article aims to explore the methods of innovative talent cultivation of postgraduate nursing from the following several aspects about constructing innovative curriculum system,creating first-class tutor team,promoting scientific research ability,forming innovative postgraduate cultivation pattern and intensifying the scholarly communication.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose rituximab therapy and sequential maintenance for patients with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods Thirty-three patients with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura received intravenous rituximab at the dose of 100 mg once a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Complete blood cell count and serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (IgG,IgM and IgA) were monitored regularly. The numbers of CD3+ and CD19+ CD20+ lymphocyte cells were assayed by flow cytometry before and after therapy. Twenty-five patients with responses(complete response and response) were divided into maintained group (12 patients) and control group (13 patients) by random digits table method. The patients in maintained group were treated with rituximab 100 mg every 6 months. The efficacy of maintenance therapy was evaluated through long-term follow-up. Results The complete response(CR) rate, response (R) rate and no response(NR) rate were 48.48%(16/33), 27.27%(9/33) and 24.24% (8/33), respectively. As a result, total effective rate was 75.76% (25/33). There were no significant changes of peripheral blood white blood cell count,hemoglobin,serum immunoglobulin and CD3+lymphocyte counts before and after treatment (P>0.05). However, CD19+ CD20+ cells were almost depleted in patients treated with rituximab: (3.71±2.64)×106/L vs. (279.33±92.78)×106/L, P<0.01. Five patients suffered from allergic response, and 1 patient developed pneumonia and respiratory failure. The relapse rates of maintained group and control group were 1/12 and 4/13, respectively. Conclusions Treatment with low-dose rituximab may be an effective and safe approach in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Relapse rates can be decreased through maintenance therapy with refractory low-dose rituximab. However, the optimal therapeutic schedule need further investigation.

Objective To examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Chinese adults.Methods A total of 27020 Chinese adults aged 35 to 74years were enrolled in this prospective cohort study.Frequency or type of alcohol consunption was assessed in 1998 and 2000.Follow-up study on MS was conducted during 2007 and 2008.Results Over an average 8years' follow-up,2362 MS patients were identified among 14 572 individuals who did not have MS at baseline.After adjustment for age,location,education level,physical activity,cigarette smoking,body mass index and the number of MS components,compared with non-drinkers,relative risk ( RR ( 95％ confidence interval (CI))) and the Population Attributable Risk Percent (PARP) of MS of male drinkers was 1.24( 1.06 to 1.45 ) and 10.13％,respectively.RR (95 ％ CI) of MS was 1.36 ( 1.02 to 1.82 ),1.34 ( 1.03 to 1.74) and 1.41 (1.13 to 1.77) for male drinkers consuming alcohol 10.1 -20 g/d,20.1 -40 g/d,and ＞40 g/d.RR(95％ CI) of MS was 1.25 ( 1.01 to 1.55) for males drinking 2 -5 times/week and 1.26(1.04 to 1.52) for males drinking ≥6 times/week.RR (95％ CI) of MS was 1.60 ( 1.05 to 2.45),1.30(1.02 to 1.65) and 1.27 (1.06 to 1.52) for beer,liquor and the beer + liquor male consumers.The corresponding RR(95％ CI) was 2.67(1.26 to 5.65) and 3.38 (1.35 to 4.22) for female drinkers consuming alcohol 10.1 -20 g/d and ＞20 g/d.Conclusions Drinking alcohol more than 10 g/d may be associated with an increasing risk of MS,especially for women.Drinking more than twice per week,beer and/or liquor consumption can significantly increase the risk of MS in men.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular basis for an A subtype of the ABO blood group. METHODS: The forward and reverse typing of the ABO blood group were identified by gel card and test tube methods. The ABO gene of the patient was detected by PCR-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP). Exons 1 to 7 of the ABO gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The ABO gene was also subjected to subclone sequencing for haplotype analysis. RESULTS: The patient's red cells showed weak agglutination with anti-A but non-agglutination with anti-B. The patient's serum showed 1+ agglutination with A cells and 4+ agglutination with B cells. Based on above serological characteristics, the patient was defined as Aw subtype of the ABO blood group. Sequencing analysis showed that the patient was heterozygous for c.106G>T, c.188G>A, c.189C>T, c.220C>T, c.297A>G, c.467C>T, c.543G>C, c.646T>A, c.681G>A, c.771C>T, c.829G>A, in addition with a c.261G deletion. Combined with the result of subclone sequencing, the ABO genotype of the patient was determined as ABO*AW.33. new/O.01.02, which harbored c.467C>T and c.543G>C variants compared with ABO*A1.01 and c.543G>C variant compared with ABO*A1.02. The novel allele has been submitted to GenBank with an accession number of MK302122. CONCLUSION A novel allele of Aw33 subtype has been identified with its GTA transferase gene harboring c.467C>T and c.543G>C variants compared with A1.01.
ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Alleles ; Exons ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Phenotype

Objective: To explore the association between DNA methylation and body mass index (BMI) using Mendelian randomization analysis. Methods: A total of 469 participants were selected from the Chinese National Twin Registry in 2013, who were living in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Sichuan provinces, and at least 18 years of age. A questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted to collect demographic, clinical, and behavioral information. Peripheral blood cells were collected to detect genotype and methylation status. Association analyses between DNA methylation and BMI and between CpGs and cis-SNP were conducted. With rs748212 as the instrumental variable, the association between cg15053022 and BMI was explored using the Mendelian randomization method. Results: A total of 469 participants were selected. The mean age of participants was (44.8±13.2) years and the BMI was (25.0±3.8) kg/m². Nine BMI-related DNA methylation sites were found and DNA methylation site cg15053022 in the ATP4A gene was negatively associated with cis-SNP rs748212 (β=-0.020); the mean methylation level of AA, AC, and CC were 0.212±0.025, 0.242±0.024, and 0.264±0.028, respectively. rs748212 was associated with BMI (β=0.04, P=0.007) and closely related to cg15053022 (F=237.66, P=0.143). Mendelian randomization analysis showed lower methylation levels at cg15053022 were associated with higher BMI (β=-1.97, P<0.001). Conclusion This study supported the impact of cg15053022 methylation in the ATP4A gene on BMI using Mendelian randomization analysis and provided the basis for using Mendelian randomization analysis in methylation studies.

Objective: To search new prognosis-related genes in gastric cancer by analyzing the high-throughput sequencing data of gastric cancer in TCGA database, and then provide data support for future studies. Methods: The RNA-seq expression matrix data and patient-related clinical data from 375 gastric cancer tissues and 45 adjacent noncancerous tissues were downloaded from the TCGA database. The data were collated and standardized based on the R language. The difference of gene expression was analyzed by the edgeR and DEseq software packages. The survival analysis of obtained differential genes was performed by the univariate and multivariate COX regressions combined with clinical data of patients, and then the genes with clinical significance were screened out. Results: A total of 364 differential genes were obtained by the edgeR and DEseq analysis. Subsequently, the functional enrichment analysis found that these genes were mainly involved in protein digestion and absorption, cytochrome P450 system of drug and exogenous substance metabolism, chemical carcinogenesis, gastric acid secretion and so on. The univariate COX regression analysis showed that FAP, FAT3, PDK4 and ZNF365 genes had significant influences on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The multivariate COX stepwise regression analysis showed that the risk model constructed by FAP and PDK4 could predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion: FAP, FAT3, PDK4 and ZNF365 genes may be the prognostic markers of gastric cancer, which may provide data supports for future clinical and basic studies.