Objective To investigate the association between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Han population from Hunan province of China and polymorphism located at the position nt587 in the tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ ( TNFR Ⅱ ) gene.Methods Correlation analysis was performed in a case-control of 100 AS cases and 100 healthy control.The SNPs located in the TNFR Ⅱ gene ( TNFR Ⅱ nt587 ) was examined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).With the SPSS software,the relationship between AS and frequencies of genotype and alleles in TNFR Ⅱ nt587 were analyzed.Results There were 43 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/T genotype,32 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/G genotype and 25 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype in the AS cases.While in the healthy control,there were 56 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/T genotype,34 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/G genotype and 10 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype.At the same times,the allele frequencies of G in AS group was significantly higher ( x2 =8.734,P=0.003 ) than the control group (41.0％ vs.27.0％ ).The odds ratio in AS cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype was 3.256,which higher than those with G/G ( OR =1.226) genotype and T/T genotype compared the healthy control.Conclusion The study demonstrates that polymorphism within the TNFR Ⅱ at the position nt587 is associated with AS and TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G may play an important role in AS susceptibility,and TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype may increase the sicken risk of AS in Hunan population.

OBJECTIVE To study the characteristic of epidemiology of hospital infection among recipients after liver transplantation and to probe into its risk factors.METHODS Totally 193 cases were investigated.The infection group was compared with the non-infection group.Descriptive statistics and risk factor analysis were performed with SPSS11.0.RESULTS Forty nine cases took place infection.The infection rate was 25.4% and the death rate was 20.41%.15 cases(30.61%) happened 2 or 3 time infections.Mid-time of infection was 14d.Twenty six case(30.61%) infection occurred within 4 weeks and 25 cases(51.02%) were on June and July.Pulmonary infection(32.84%),wound infection(31.34%) and abdominal cavity infection(23.90%) were ranked in front.A total of 693 strains were isolated,and Gram-negative(G-) bacilli were 42.14%,Gram-positive(G+)cocci 35.30% and fungi were 22.66%.The three risk factors were obviously correlated with the infection(P

OBJECTIVE To establish the basic quality control system for disinfection of medical apparatus and(instruments).in order to meet the national standards of the disinfection quality.METHODS On the basis of background investigation about the disinfection(management) of medical apparatus and instruments from 1997 to 2004 to implemeat the basic quality control system scientifically and continuously and to improve the management of disinfection quality in hospital.RESULTS The disinfection quality of commonly used medical apparatus and(instruments),first-aid devices,combat readiness materials,special instruments and sterilizer,etc was got to(improve) year by year,that created condition to control the emergence of hospital(infection).CONCLUSIONS To(avoid) the exogenous hospital infection due to unsuitable medical apparatus and(instruments).

Objective To investigate the prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase gene armA and to analyze their effect on the drug resistance in multi drug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii . Methods A total of 72 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were collected from the Second Xiangya Hospital from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2008. The size of inhibitory zone of these strains to gentamycin, tobramycin and amikacin were determinate using Kirby-Bauer( K-B) method. The 16S rRNA methylase genes armA were detected by PCR. PCR products were purified and sequenced. Then we used randomly amplified polymorphic DNA method (RAPD) genotyping technology for the establishment of DNA fingerprinting. In addition, we compared drug sensitivity test with RAPD technology. Results Twenty isolates of 72 strains were armA positive and the resistance rates of the strains with armA gene to gentamycin, tobramycin, amikacin were 90.0% , 90.0% and 90. 0% , respectivily. armA positive stains were divided into 7 types using RAPD technology. A genotype was the advantage type. Conclusion The study showed that 16S rRNA methylases gene armA was prevalent in Acinetobacter baumannii which could lead to resistant to almost all aminoglycosides at a high level. And the main form of armA gene prevalence in our hospital was the spread of the same clone strain inside and outside of clinic department.

short peptide AS1 screened from the phage random peptide library of 12 amino acids has antigenicity and can react with sera of AS patients. These findings indicate that AS1 could be one of candidate molecules of AS-specific serum markers.

Objective To investigate the genotypes and encoding resistance genes differences of Acinetobacter baumannii and analyze their interrelations with multi-drug resistance.Methods A total of 77strains Acinetobacter baumannii were collected random from the second Xiangya Hospital during September 2008 to September 2009.The K-B method which was WHO recommended was adopted to Acinetobacter baumannii drug sensitivity test to 15 kinds of antibiotics to establish susceptibility spectrum.At the same time,random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was used to establish DNA fingerprinting.The genes of β-lactamase(TEM-1,IMP,OXA-23,OXA-24,AmpC),aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes[aac(3')-Ⅰ ,aac(6')-Ⅰ ,ant(3")-Ⅰ]and 16S rRNA methylase(armA,rmtA,rmtB)were detected by PCR and sequenced,and find the relationship between the gene encoding and multi-drug resistance.In addition,we compared the rates of resistance genes of Acinetobacter baumannii and the relations with the genotype and the multi-resistance.Results Thirty-one sensitive strains and 46 multi-drug resistance strains(10 Pan-drug resistances)were isolated.Seventeen types from A to Q were separated using RAPD technique.E genotype widely popular in the ICU was the advantage type in multi-drug resistance strains,and the rate was 47.1%.While the various types scattered in sensitive strains.The positive rates of TEM-1,IMP,OXA-23,OXA-24,AmpC,aac(3')-Ⅰ ,aac(6')-Ⅰ ,ant(3")-Ⅰ ,armA in the multi-drug resistance strains and the sensitive strains were 95.7%,39.1%,84.8% ,54.3%,87.0%,89.1%,84.8%,45.7%,63.0% and 58.1%,9.7%,32.3%,48.4%,48.4%,29.0%,45.2%,12.9%,9.7%,respectively,and there was significant difference except for OXA-24 using the X2 test(P ＜ 0.05).All isolates were negative for rmtA gene and rmtB gene.Drug susceptibility analysis showed that the resistant rate was significantly higher of the strains carrying resistant genes than that of the resistance negative strains.When the strains were resistant to gentamicin and amikacin,the rate of three aminoglycoside genes positive was 34.8%.The trains containing all the measured β-lactamase genes were all resistant strains.Conclusion Compared with the sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii strains,a broad resistance spectrum and a high drug resistance rate were showed in multidrug resistance strains isolated from clinic,which harboring many kinds of β-lactamase genes and aminoglycosides genes with a high separation rate,and the same clone of multiple drug-resistant strains may be transmitted in and among wards.

Objective To study the effects of asiaticoside on the growth of melanoma B16 cell cultures in vitro. Methods Melanoma B16 cells were subcultured and the inhibition of cellular growth was investigated. The morphology of the cells was observed after inhibition. The induction of apoptosis by asiaticoside was determined by flow cytometry. Results It was found that asiaticoside could significantly inhibit the growth of B16 cell cultures in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The annexin-v positive cells were increased, along with that cells intaking R123 marked mitochondria were decreased, and PI positive cells increased, which indicated that cellular apoptosis was induced. Conclusion Asiaticoside plays an inhibitory role in the growth of melanoma B16 cells.

Objective:To explore the correlations of TNF-α-238 site gene polymorphism and the onset of Ankylosing Spondylitis(AS)in Hunan Han population.Methods:100 AS samples (including serum and whole blood) were collected from the Department of Immunology and Rheumatology of the Second Xiangya hospital from May 2008 to Jan 2009 and 90 samples of normal people were collected as control group.We detected the TNF-α-238 gene polymorphism of these subjects by using PCR-RFLP technique.The TNF-α level in the serum samples were measured by ELISA and HLA-B27 antigen was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).Then all of the data was analyzed by SPSS13.0 software.Results:There were 95 cases with the TNF-α-238 G/G genotype in 100 AS patients,5 cases with the G/A genotype.While in the control group,TNF-α-238 G/G genotype and G/A genotype were 88 cases and 2 cases respectively.There was no TNF-α-238 A/A genotype in both groups.The allele frequencies of G in AS group was higher than in the control group(98.9% vs.97.5%),while the allele frequencies of A in AS group was lower than in the control group(1.1% vs.2.5%).However,there were no significant difference both A allele frequencies and G allele frequencies (P＞0.05).In addition,the average TNF-α level in AS group was higher than in the control group significantly (10.16±1.19 pg/ml vs.5.64±1.18 pg/ml).And the average TNF-α level in AS patients with the genotype of G/A was higher than that of with the G/G genotype (13.49±1.27 pg/ml vs.9.44±1.29 pg/ml).There was a very large difference of the positive ratio of HLA-B27 between two groups (χ~2=114.975,P=0.000).After gene analysis of HLA-B27and TNF-α-238,the odds ratio(OR)was higher in both G/G genotype and HLA-B27 positive than HLA-B27 lonely.Conclusion:There is probably no relationship between the gene polymorphism of TNF-α-238 site and the onset of AS but the G/G genotype of TNF-α-238 may increase the sicken risk of AS in Hunan population.

Objective:To compare serum level of β thromboglobulin in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated different complications.Methods:According to their complications,a total of 398 patients with unsta- ble angina pectoris (UAP)were divided into pure UAP group (UAP control group,n=82),hypertension group (n=89),diabetes mellitus (DM)group (n=133)and brain infarction group (n=94).Serum level of β thromboglobu- lin were measured and compared among four groups 6h after onset and before discharge.Incidence of myocardial in- farction within six months were followed up in four groups.Results:On 6h after onset,the serum level of β throm- boglobulin of brain infarction group,DM group,hypertension group,UAP control group was (61.13±3.32)ng/ml,(59.77±3.15)ng/ml,(52.12±3.27)ng/m, (48.55±3.14)ng/ml respectively,in which the level of brain infarction group was the highest,the difference between any two groups were significant (P<0.01 all);Compared with 6h after onset,there were significant reductions in serum levels of β thromboglobulin of four groups before dis- charge P<0.01 all,their ordering and difference significant degree were no change.The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI)in brain infarction group,DM group,hypertension group,UAP control group was 11.7%,6.0%, 3.4%,2.4% respectively,the MI incidence of brain infarction group was significant more than that of UAP con- trol group,the differences among other groups was no significant,P>0.05.Conclusion:β-thromboglobulin level during UAP onset is significant higher than that of remission period,and it rises most significantly in brain infarction group,and in this group the percentage of myocardial infarction occurred within six months is highest

Objective To provide the effective and convenient medical MOOC and remote medical education by comparatively analyzing domestic and foreign medical MOOC.Methods The following items were comparatively an-alyzed, including the number of medical MOOC, the universities offering medical MOOC, the languages used in teaching medical MOOC, the identification of MOOC, and the development of domestic and foreign medical MOOC on platforms of Coursera, edX, China university MOOC and people's health MOOC.Results The domestic medical MOOC still had a longer way to go than foreign medical MOOC in their number, scale and identification.Conclu-sion Domestic medical workers should grasp the opportunity to provide more effective and convenient medical MOOC platform.