The key to performing spreading moxibustion on the Du meridian and the characteristics of its application are investigated. Summer is the time suitable for spreading moxibustion on Du meridian. The performance on Du meridian points has special requirements for every procedure: selecting moxibustion materials, spreading medication, igniting moxa and cleaning moxibustion sores. There are five large characteristics in the clinical application. The first is accumulating heat and focusing on warm-unblocking; the second is regulating both the whole body and local parts; the third is timing the treatment and making adaptations;the fourth is selecting high-quality materials and guarantee the performance;the fifth is focusing on health maintenance and strengthening nursing. Spreading moxibustion on the Du meridian has a wide area of performance, large moxa cones, a long time, sufficient fire power, strong warm-unblocking force, quick and convenient treatment and a remarkable effect. Mastering the key to the performance and the characteristics of the clinical application can further rich acupuncture and moxibustion treatments and give full play to the role of old and traditional moxibustion.

Objective:To investigate the effects of acupuncture of Shenshu(BL 23),Huiyang (BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)on the main symptoms of unstable bladder (USB)and explore the specificity of different points in treating USB through a clinical randomized controlled trial.Methods:Eighty-nine USB patients were allocated to three groups:Shenshu(BL 23),Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35).I-PSS was used as an observation index.The effects were evaluated and a comparison was made between the groups after three and six treatments.Resuits:I-PSS significantly improved in all Shenshu (BL 23),Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)groups of USB patients (P＜0.05).The effect was significantly beaer in the Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)groups than in the Shenshu(BL 23)group(P＜0.05).The efficacy rate was 50.0% in the Shenshu(BL 23)group,82.8% in the Huiyang(BL 35)group and 90.0% in the Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)group.It was significantly higher in the Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)groups than in the Shenshu(BL 23)group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Points Shenshu(BL 23),Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)can all regulate voiding dysfunction and improve quality of life in USB patients.Shenshu (BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)has the most marked therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the factors which are related to the reoperation and relapse hiatus hernia in children.Methods Between Jan.2002 and May 2013,64 patients who suffered from hiatus hernia in Children's Hospital of Fudan University were divided into uneventful group (U group,n =49) and reoperation group (R group,n =15).The ages at operation,barium swallow examinations,operative procedures,findings during the operation and the followup of these two groups were reviewed.Results The average ages at operation in U group and R group were (14.70 ± 0.79) months and (13.60 ± 0.59) months,respectively.The major symptoms before the second operation in R group was vomiting(6 cases),pneumonia (4 cases) and dysphagia (2 cases).Asymptomatic recurrence was found in 3 patients.Through barium swallow examination,short esophagus was found in 10 cases in U group,while 3 cases were reported in R group.However,during the operation,the length of intra-abdominal esophagus without tension could be obtained with average (3.33 ± 0.86) cm in these short esophagus patients,which was only (3.18 ± 1.14) cm in those normal esophagus patients.There was no significant difference between the U group and R group in the width of the hiatus and the ratio of stomach above the hiatus.The length of esophagus which mobilized during operation was shorter in R group than that in U group(P =0.003).The difference of operative methods and the ratio of large hernia between these two groups could not be found.The common cause of failure in R group was herniated fundoplication (9 cases),which was followed by disputed fundoplication (4 cases),twisted fundoplication (1 case) and rupture of esophagus (1 case).The average follow up time was (8.3 ± 4.2) months in R group.Vomiting was found in 3 patients,and pneumonia was found in one case in R group after the second operation.The symptoms of these four patients were relieved half year later postoperatively.Conclusions The age,symptoms,size of the hiatus,short esophagus,and the operative methods are not related to the reoperation in hiatus hernia.But if the length of intra-abdominal esophagus without tension was not obtained enough,it may contribute to the recurrence of hiatus hernia.Wrap herniation has now become the most common mechanism of failure requiring reoperation.

Space flight training simulator is one of the important equipments for astronaut training on ground.Based on general international classification criteria,technology principle and engineering implementation of simulators developed in our country were introduced.The key technology of developing simulators was discussed.The prospect of development for future studies and applications were looked forward to.

BACKGROUND:Healthy human umbilical cord jel y is a mucous connective tissue without vessels and has been used in eye plastic operation because of its elasticity and toughness. It contains lysozyme, placental globulin, hyaluronic acid enzyme, AMP antibody and complement, and also contains a lot of mesenchymal stem cells, so it is not prone to infection and rejection. OBJECTIVE:To observe the histocompatibility and histopathological changes of human umbilical cord jel y as a tarsal substitute transplanted for eyelid reconstruction in guinea pigs. METHODS:The mucous connective tissue of healthy neonate umbilical cord jel y was made into tissue blocks at even thickness. Models of tarsal defects were established in guinea pigs, and then the mucous connective tissue of healthy neonate umbilical cord jel y was implanted. Samples of implanted materials were col ected for histological examination at 1, 2, 3 weeks postoperation under light microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no obvious rejection, infection and eyelid deformation observed, the corneas of al the animals were clear, corneal epithelial shedding did not occur, and the eyelid could move normal y. One week after implantation, there was no infection and rejection on the conjunctiva and the incision of the eyelid, the eyelid could move normal y, and partial inflammatory cells were observed between the human umbilical cord jel y and the muscle of the eyelid with microscopy. Two weeks after implantation, there was no infection and rejection on the conjunctiva and the incision of the eyelid, the cornea was clear, the eyelid and eye could move normal y, and no symblepharon occurred;umbilical cord jel y showed the tendency of absorption, and the inflammatory cells were reduced at 2 weeks after implantation. Three weeks after implantation, the incision of the conjunctiva healed wel , the cornea was clear;there was no difference in the eyelid form and movement between the two eyes;the umbilical cord jel y was absorbed partial y, normal fibrous tissues formed and there were no inflammatory cells. With low immunogenicity, human umbilical cord jel y can guide the growth of new col agen and serve as an ideal tarsal substitute.

Objective To determine normal reference ranges for venous blood count among children aging from 1 year old to 12 years old.Methods These normal reference ranges were defined in a population of 526 healthy children who had no blood system diseases,allergic diseases,respiratory system diseases,urinary system diseases,digestive system disease,rheumatoid disease,thyroid disease,parasitic infections,malignancies and genetic disease,etc.Values of white blood cell count (WBC),red blood cell count (RBC),hemoglobin (Hb)concentration,red blood cell specific volume (Hct),mean corpusular volume(MCV),mean cell hemoglo-bin (MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCHC),platelet (PLT),percentage of neutrophil (NE%),percentage of lymphocyte (LY%),percentage of mononuclear cells (MO%),percentage of acidophilic granulocyte (EOS%).Statistical analysis was done on various parameters that we recorded,and then for every parameter,we could get the various reference ranges for different age groups.Results The subjects were divided into 4 groups based on age.Besides the parameters of WBC count and classification of WBC,the rest of parameters were proved to be of no statistical difference between 4 groups..After an integration of the values,we could get the results as follows:RBC(4.02-5.2)×10 1 2/L,HGB 108-144 g/L,Hct 35.2%-40.4%,MCV 74.6-89.9 fL,MCH 20.9-34.7 pg,MCHC 332- 340 g/L,PLT(157 - 409 )× 10 9/L.WBC count did not have statistical difference between the age group 6-<9 and 9-12,but did have between the rest groups.After an integration of the values of WBC count,it could be conclu-ded that WBC count of age group1-<3 was(4.88-13.38)×10 9/L,that of age group 3-<6 was(4.26-1 1.6)×10 9/L and that of age group 6-12 was (4.24-10.24)×10 9/L.WBC classification results were various in different age groups.The values showed as follows:age group 1-<3 NE:29%-32%,LY:58%-61%;age group 3 -<6 NE:43%-46%,LY:43%-46%;age group 6-<9NE:49%-52%,LY:38%-40%;age group 9 to 12NE:5 1% - 58%,LY:33% - 39%.Conclusion WBC classification re-sults and WBC count do have statistical difference in different age groups.Besides the parameters of WBC count and classification of WBC,the rest of parameters are proved to be of no statistically difference in different age groups.The values of WBC count decrea-ses as the age increases.From WBC classification results,the most apparent fact is that the percentage of neutrophil increases as the age increases but the percentage of lymphocyte is just the contrary.As mentioned above,we suggest that we should establish a spe-cific whole blood count normal reference range for each age group during our laboratory testing work.

Objective To explore the relationship between flood ing and the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the river beach area. Met hods The subjects were investigated on the ways of exposure, frequency and duratio n of water conta cted from May to November in 1999, and eggs of Schistosoma were examined bef ore and after flooding. Results Exposure to infested water for human being s in the area comprised productive, living and recreational contacts including 11 kinds of activities, and 53.55% of the subjects contacted infested w ater. The number of person, frequency and duration of water contacted in floodin g strongly increased; the infection rate and density among population stron gly increased after flooding. There was significant difference between the infec tion rate in exposure group and that in non-exposure group. Conclusions It can be inferred that flooding has increased water contacted and i nfection, therefore, health education should be strengthened to avoid or dec rease water contact.

Objective:Needling lumbosacral acupoints could regulate unstable bladder (USB).The present study is to observe the ambulatory urodynamics changing of needling Huiyang (BL 35) on USB to provide scientific basis for the relative theory of acupoint and Zang-fu organs,and the rule of acupuncture treatment.Methods:Unstable bladder model were prepared in 80 Wistar rats,and then they were randomly divided into treatment group (n=40) and model group (n=40).The urodynamics were monitored respectively at 2 h,6 h,12 h and 24 h after acupuncture and the results were analyzed.Results:After acupuncture Huiyang (BL 35),the compliance of bladder were superior to that of model group at 2 h,6 h and 12 h,respectively (P＜0.05),and the bladder volume were superior to that of model group at 2 h and 12 h,respectively (P＜0.05).After acupuncture Huiyang (BL 35),the compliance and Volume of bladder at 12 h were superior to those at other time (P＜0.05).Twenty-four hours later,the effect of acupuncture on urodynamics decreased.Conclusion:Needling Huiyang (BL 35) could improve the urodynamics of USB,including improving the compliance of bladder and increasing the volume of bladder.Acupuncture Huiyang (BL 35) had the most effect at 12 h.

Objective To explore the expression level of thioredoxin (Trx) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells,and its association with clinical features and prognosis,as well as the effects of diamide,an inhibitor of Trx,in inducing AML cells apoptosis.Methods Expression of Trx on AML cells and fresh bone marrow cells from healthy adults were analyzed by Western-blotting. The inhibition of proliferation was measured by MTT assay.The anti-leukemia effect of diamide was observed by morphology and agarose gel electrophoresis.Results 75 ％ (15/20) of AML patients expressed Trx,while no expression was observed in control group.Higher expression level of Trx was associated with higher WBC counts (x2 =9.375,P ＜ 0.05),which suggested that overexpression was associated with leukemogenesis.The inhibition of diamide on AML cells showed time and dose dependent by MTT assay.The IC50 values of diamide at 24 h,48 h and 72 h were 98.26 mg/ml,47.53 mg/ml and 8.34 mg/ml,respectively.After AML cells were treated with diamide,the apoptotic body appeared by morphology,and the typical DNA “ladder” bands were confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis.Conclusion Trx expression level in AML cells is significantly higher than that of control group.Diamide inhibites the proliferation of AML cells by inducing apoptosis,which might be a potential agent for AML.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of pathogenesis and therapeutics of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)and aplastic anemia(AA)combined with autoimmune disease(AID).Methods Retrospective analysis and follow-up visit of 111 patients with MDS and 56 patients with AA in our hospital were studied.Results There were 9(8.1%)of 111 patients with MDS and 2 (3.6%)of 55 patients with AA coexistent with AID.Autoimmune hemolytic anemia(36.4%)and Behcet Disease(18.2%)were common among those combined with AID.5 patients had AID proceeding to the occurrence of MDS/AA.4 patients had simultaneous occurrence of AID and MDS/AA.2 patients developed AID three years later after the diagnosis of MDS.Conclusion There was a certain intrinsic relationship between MDS/AA and AID.