Objective To establish a new method for determination of copper, nickel, silver, lead, cadmium and mercury in water with solid phase extraction followed by rapid high performance liquid chromatography. Methods The copper, nickel, silver, lead, cadmium and mercury ions were pre-column derived by tera-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-porphine (T4-DMAPP). These chelates were enriched by solid phase extraction with C18 cartridge and the 100 times enriched products of were obtained. The chelates were separated on a ZORBAX Stable Bound (4.6 mm?50 mm, 1.8 ?m) by gradient elution with methanol and THF as mobile phase at a flow rate of 2.0 ml/min and detected with photodiode array detector from 350-600 nm. Results The detection limits of nickel, copper, silver, lead, cadmium, and mercury were 3, 2, 4, 3, 1.5 and 3 ng/L respectively, the recovery rates were 92%-104%, relative standard deviations were 2.8%-3.5%. Conclusion This method can be applied to the determination of nickel, copper, silver, lead, cadmium, and mercury in water with good results.

BACKGROUND: It is indicated in researches of recent years that both astragalus and angelica act on anti-free radical and protect renal injury due to ischemia / reperfusion.OBJECTIVE: To observe the protection and its mechanism of astragalus and angelica injections on adenosine triphosphate-ase (ATPase) in renal injury due to ischemia/reperfusion.DESIGN: The observing controlled experiment based on experimental animals .SETTING: Physiological teaching & research room and teaching & research room of renal functional protection in a medical college. MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Physiological Experimental Room of Luzhou Medical College from January 2001 to March 2001. Totally 33 Japanese big-ear white healthy adult rabbits of either sex were employed,provided by Experimental Animal Center of Luzhou Medical College, in the mass of(1.63 + 0. 22) kg. According to random number table, they were divided in sham-operation control(8 rabbits), simple ischemia/reperfusion group (8 rabbits), astragalus injection + ischemia/reperfusion group (astragalus group) (8 rabbits) and angelica injection + ischemia/reperfusion group(angelica group) (9 rabbits).METHODS: One day before operation, on the day of operation and 1 day after operation, successively, intravenous medical injections (astragalus 1.25 g/kg,angelica 12.5 g/kg) were administrated in astragalus and angelica groups everyday respectively, and injection with physiological saline 5 mL/kg was applied in the control and simple ischemia/reperfusion group. In 48 hours reperfusion after 1 hour ischemia in kidney, blood sample was collected from inferior vena cava. The upper tissue of the right kidney was collected and fixed by placed in 30 mL/L glutaraldehyde and the lower tissue was prepared into homogenate. Ultrastructure of renal tissue was examined with electron microscope; serum creatinine level and ATPase activity in renal tissue were assayed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ultrastructure of renal tissue, serum creatinine level and ATPase activity in renal tissue.RESULTS: In simple ischemia/reperfusion group, renal tissue was degenerated significantly, and the disorders in astragalus and angelica groups were reduced markedly compared with simple ischemia/reperfusion group. Serum creatinine level in simple ischemia/reperfusion group was higher remarkably than the sham-operation control ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and that in astragalus and angelica groups was reduced than simple ischemia/reperfusion group (P ＜ 0. 05) . In simple ischemia/reperfusion group, the levels of Mg2+-ATPaes, Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase were(0. 155 ±0. 020),(0.179±0.018), (0.150±0.022) nkat/g respectively, which was markedly reduced compared with sham-operation control [ (0. 174 + 0. 012),(0. 198 + 0. 012), (0. 181 + 0. 017) nkat/g], ( t = 2. 344, 2. 438, 3. 014,P ＜ 0.05 ). In astragalus and angelica groups, respectively, the activities of Mg2+-ATPaes, Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase were(0. 172 ± 0. 023),(0. 196 ±0. 077), (0. 175 ±0. 016) and (0. 177 ±0. 015), (0. 200 ±0.011 )and (0. 181 ± 0. 025) nkat/g successively. Except that Mg2+-ATPaes activity in astragalus group was not different significantly from that in simple ischemia/reperfusion group, all the rest were higher than simple ischemia/reperfusion group(t =2. 372 -2. 786, P ＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Both astragalus and angelica inhibit the decrease of ATPase and improve the disturbed local blood-flow adjustment in kidney, which has provided experimental basis of astragalus and angelica on reducing renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion through protecting ATPase.

Objective To discuss on the relationship among innovation,scientific nature and ethics in medical articles,in order to improve the academic quality of manuscripts.Methods Take Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection as an example,innovation was emphasized in the field of radiation diagnosis and treatment,while the cases lack of innovation were pointed.However,the lessons from many papers showed that those papers only with innovation would be rejected because of defect in scientific nature and ethics.Results Innovation is the soul of the paper,and the scientific and ethical nature is the foundation and premise of innovation.Conclusions While the innovation is emphasized,the scientific nature and ethics of the thesis should be not ignored.These three aspects are integral.

Objective:To understand general hospital medical staff status quo and characteristics of blood -borne occupational exposure , analysis its ethics factor , to make the prevention countermeasures of blood -borne oc-cupational exposure to provide scientific basis .Methods:From January 2013 to December floor all the medical staff of blood -borne occupational exposure cases were retrospectively analyzed .Results:A total of 101 medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure , which is given priority to with the nurse , accounted for 60 .40%;More con-centrated in under 30 employees, accounted for 70.29%;Occupational exposure personnel distribution in the ma-jority with surgical department (42.57%), followed by the physician (36.63%);Wards (60.40%), the operat-ing room (15.84%) and therapy (11.88%) are the sites of occupational exposure often happen;Sharp injury in the composition of the ratio of 87.12%, in the first place, in which a proportion (23.76%), pull out the needle (18.81%) and blood (15.84%), surgical suture (14.85%) and transfusion injection (13.86%) as the sharp injury of frequent occurrence of occupational exposure;Exposure is given priority to with hepatitis b ( 61 .38%) . Conclusion:Medical staff blood-borne occupational exposure risk is high , the hospital infection control personnel must pay attention to occupational exposure of the whole education , strengthen the administration of the occupation-al exposure of ethics , reduce the risk of occupational exposure and injury .

Objective:To prepare specific antibody against the pre mRNA splicing protein Tra2? in human fetal tissues.Methods:A specific antigen fragment of human Tra2? was cloned into the pGEX 3x expression vector to express a recombinant GST Tra2? fusion protein.The fusion protein was expressed,purified and used as an antigen to immunize the New Zealand rabbit,and the polyclonal antibody to Tra2? was obtained.Results:The antibody was successfully used to detect Tra2? protein in human fetal cerebrum with Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis.Conclusion:This prepard antibody has good specificity and can be used to detect the Tra2? protein in the human fetal tissues.

Objective To explore the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).MethodsA case-control study employing 60 non pregnant patients with PCOS and 60 non-pregnant patients without PCOS as control was conducted to compare the prevalence of NAFLD.Resuits The aminotransferase(ALT),fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)levels were(29±15)U/L,(19±12)mU/L and 0.47±0.29 in PCOS group,which were significantly higher(P＜0.05)than corresponding parameters in control group[(15±13)U/L,(11±8)mU/L and 0.31±0.21)].The occurrence of insulin resistance and NAFLD was 63％(38/60)and 42％(25/60),higher than those in control group[35％(21/60)and 20％(12/60),P＜0.05].The increment of ALT was 40％(24/60)in PCOS group,higher than that of 3％(2/60)in control group(P＜0.01).Compared with patients witIlout NAFLD,patients with NAFLD had significantly increased body mass index(P＜0.01),waist-hip ratio,AIJT,C-reaction protein,fasting insulin,insulin and HOMA-IR levels 2 hours after oral glucose tolerance test(P＜0.05).Conchsion The increased prevalence of NAFLD in PCOS patients suggests an association between these two conditions and the necessity of hepatic screening among PCOS patients for potential NAFLD.

Objective To improve the precision of the traditional segmentation of echocardiogram, by suppressing the influence from inherent speckle noises in medical ultrasonic images. Method An automatic segmentation method based on reconstructed morphology was proposed in this paper. First, the opening and closing operations by reconstruction were imposed to the ultrasonic image. Second, the top-hat operation was used to extract the bright and/or dark features and to find out the boundaries corresponding to these features, whereby implemented the automatic segmentation. Result The segmented echocardiogram had less artificial boundaries resulted from speckle noise, and could accurately be extracted the artery and ventricle. Conclusion The presented method can detect both dark and bright objects accurately, and the boundary has a fine continuity. In addition, the algorithm is also applicable to the extraction of sole bright/dark features, accordingly to reduce the complexity and time needed and to improve the accuracy.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of end-to-side and side-to-side portal vein-hepatic artery shunts (P-H shunt) in pigs with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.Methods There were 15 pigs in each group (control and experimental),and the P-H shunt was made in each animal to observe the process of blood flow into the liver and the reduction of portal vein blood pressure.Results The portal vein pressures before the P-H shunt of pigs in the control and experimental group were (20.51±0.74) cm H2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) and (30.82±2.53) cm H2O respectively (P＜0.05).Portal vein pressures 30 days after the P-H shunt were(19.75±0.84) cm H2O and (20.84± 1.36) cm H2 O respectively (P＞0.05).The portal vein pressure differences of pigs in the control and experimental group before P-H shunt were (7.20±0.34) cm H2O and (17.34±0.62) cm H2O respectively (P＜0.05).Pressures differences 30 days after the P-H shunt were (6.40±0.21) cm H2O and (7.84 ± 1.32) cm H2O respectively (P＜0.05).Splenic vein injection of methylene blue after the P-H shunt operation stained the liver well.No necrosis and hepatic encephalopathy occurred for 30 days after the P-H shunt,and the splenomegaly gradually returned to normal.Liver function was most affected after the operation and other biochemical markers were least affected.Conclusions The P-H shunt changed the channel of blood flow into the liver,the portal hemodynamic was not affected,and a new balanced mechanism was established to maintain the portal hemodynamic stability.However,further treatment was needed for liver function recovery.

Writing and publishing scientific papers is a very important part of the research work.The quality of the thesis is also an important indicator to measure the achievements of scientific research workers.The quality of the thesis mainly includes the academic quality and the writing quality,but some of the researchers are mostly proficient in practice and neglect the writing,so there are still many writing problems in the manuscript.By reading the submission specification,this article summarizes the common problems in the writing,so as to provide the reference value for the readers.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on perceived stress and mental state of patients with in vitro fertilization.Methods:83 cases women who were assisted reproduction with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in our hospital from May 2014 to December 2016 were selected as research objects.All the subjects were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,with 41 cases in the control group and 42 cases in the observation group.Patients in the control group were given routine comprehensive nursing intervention,while the observation group was given MBSR intervention on the basis of the control group.The scores of self rating depression scale (SDS),self rating anxiety scale (SAS) and Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS) before and after the intervention in the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in SDS score,SAS score and CPSS score between the two groups before intervention (P＞0.05).The scores of SDS,SAS and CPSS in observation group after intervention were (43.53± 4.89),(42.38± 4.34) and (27.53± 4.89),which were lower than (57.96± 7.30),(56.42± 5.49),(37.96± 7.30) before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The scores ofSDS,SAS and CPSS in control group after intervention were (51.13± 5.52),(51.13± 5.52) and (31.13± 5.52),which were lower than (58.83± 7.28),(56.45± 5.51),(38.83± 7.28) before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).And those scores in were lower in observation group than in control group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:MBSR intervention can effectively improve the anxiety,depression and perceived stress of patients with in vitro fertilization,which is helpful in improving the success rate of IVF-ET,and it is worthy of clinical application.