Objective　The microvasculature of the anterior lobe, posterior lobe and cerebellar vermis was observed under the optical microscope in 6 rats. Methods　The tannic acid-ferric chloride method (TAFM) was used to stain the vessels in cerebellum. Results　The arteries within the cortex and medulla of the cerebellum originated from pia mater arteries and central branches of the cerebellar arteries, the branches of pia mater arteries mostly penetrated into the cerebellar cortex vertically and formed capillary net in the molecular layer, purkinje layer and granular layer, the arteriole in the medulla of cerebellar posterior lobe branched and formed clawed-like figurations. These vessels beneath lobule cortex connected mutually by vessel anatomosis across the medulla. Conclusion　The arteriole in the cerebellum can be manifested distinctly in a strong three-dimension by TAFM and the vessel anatomosis in deep layer of cerebellum can be easily observed.

[Objective]To compare the fixation effects of cannulated compression screws and dynamic hip screws.[Method]From July 2000 to December 2006,152 old patients with intertrochanteric hip fracture were fixed with cannulated compression screws(n=68) and dynamic hip screws(n=84).They were followed up and their complete clinic data were obtained.A retrospective comparison was made between the two differet fixation devices in terms of operation time,blood loss,intraoperative and postoperative complications,functional recovery one year postoperatively and treatment expenses.[Result]The differences in operation time,blood loss between 2 groups had statistical significance(P0.05) for the Evans types Ⅰ,Ⅱ patients,but had statistical significance(P

Objective To explore the difference of immunological characteristics between recombination human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(rhG-CSF)mobilized peripheral blood grafts(G-PB)and steady-state bone marrow grafts(SS-BM).Methods From April to October 2003,G-PB and SS-BM of 15 related donors were collected.T cell subgroups,dendritic cells(DC),monocytes and the expression of CD28 costimulatory molecules on T cells were determined by multicolor flow cytometry.The lymphocyte proliferation ability and the quantities of interleukin-4(IL-4)and interferon-?(IFN-?)secreted by T cells were determined using MTT assays and sandwich ELISA.Results The absolute numbers of monocytes,CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T cells,and the ratios of CD4/CD8 in G-PB were significantly higher than those in SS-BM,respectively(P0.05).The quantities of IFN-? and IL-4 secreted by T cells per micromilter in G-PB was significantly higher than those in SS-BM(P0.05).The absolute numbers of DC1 and DC2 in G-PB were significantly higher than those in SS-BM(P0.05).Conclusion It is concluded that the difference of immunological characteristics between G-PB and SS-BM may explain the lower incidence of GVHD and lower relapse rate after SS-BM and G-PB transplantation.

Objective To investigate whether endothelial function was impaired in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DC). Methods Flow mediated dilation (FMD) and nitroglycerin mediated dilation (NMD) were measured using high-resolution ultrasound technique in 40 patients with DC and 42 controls without DC.Results In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, FMD as well as NMD were much reduced compared with controls [(2 32?2 10)% vs(7 87?4 15)%,P

Objective To explore the immunologic composition and T cell function of rhG-CSF mobilized peripheral blood grafts(G-PB) and rhG-CSF primed bone marrow grafts(G-BM) after being mixed in different proportions.Methods T cell subgroups,dendritic cells(DC) and its subsets in G-PB and G-BM were analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry.Immunologic composition of G-PB and G-BM after mixture in different proportions were calculated,lymphocyte proliferation ability and quantities of interleukin-4(IL-4),interferon-?(IFN-?) secretion by T cells in mixture grafts were determined using MTT and sandwich ELISA assays.Results After co-incubation of G-PB with G-BM in different proportions,T cell proliferation in mixture grafts was lower than that of NG-BM and G-PB(P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qingpeng ointment in the treatment of chronic eczema.MethodsTotally,95 patients with chronic eczema were enrolled and divided into 3 groups to receive topical Qingpeng ointment (n =33),0.2％ hydrocortisone cream (n =32),10％ urea ointment (n =30) respectively twice a day for 4 weeks.All the patients were followed up once a week for the evaluation of therapeutic and side effects.ResultsAfter 4-week treatment,the response rate was 78.8％,84.4％ and 46.7％ in the Qingpeng ointment-,hydrocortisone cream- and urea ointment-treated patients respectively.Significant differences were observed in the response rate between the Qingpeng ointment- and urea ointment-treated patients (P ＜ 0.05 ),but not between the hydrocortisone cream- and Qingpeng ointment-treated patients (P ＞0.05).Skin flushing with a sensation of burning was observed at the application sites of 2 patients treated with Qingpeng ointment,and tingling sensation at the application sites was reported in 1 patient treated with hydrocortisone cream.All of these adverse reactions were tolerable and had no influence on the treatment.Conclusion Topical Qingpeng ointment is effective and safe for the treatment of chronic eczema.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application and therapeutic effect of interventional embolization in treating renal pseudoaneurysms. Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with renal pseudoaneurysm, who had received interventional embolization management at authors’ hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. The embolic agents used in the embolization procedure included conventional steel coil, gelatin sponge particles, PVA, etc. All the patients were followed up for 6-24 months. Results Single renal pseudoaneurysm was found in all the 11 patients. Clinically, symptom of bleeding was seen in 3 cases. The renal pseudoaneurysm was located at the upper (n=1), middle (n=4) and lower (n=5) renal artery of the kidney, and in one case the renal pseudoaneurysm was situated at the accessory renal artery. In performing renal artery embolization, pure PVA was used in one case, spring steel coil in one case, PVA together with spring steel coil in one case, and gelatin sponge combined with spring coil in 8 cases. After the embolization, the pseudoaneurysm was no more visualized, the contrast extravasation disappeared, and the parent artery was manifested as a residual root. During the operation the patients had no obvious discomfort. Within one week after embolization therapy, 2 patients developed hemorrhage, and their hemoglobin, white blood cell count and hematocrit were significantly increased. During the follow-up period, all patients showed no recurrence signs, and routine urine tests were normal. Conclusion For the treatment of renal pseudoaneurysms, interventional embolization is minimally-invasive, safe and reliable; this technique can maximally protect the normal kidney tissue, quickly control the bleeding and effectively save the life of patient. Therefore, it is worth promoting this treatment in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: Radix astragali has the effect of protecting cells from damage in ischemic reperfusion, whether pre-treatment with radix astragali can protect myocardial eells from apoptosis in ischemic reperfusion ? OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of pre-treatment with radix astragali on apoptosis and its relative genes in rats with ischemic myocardial reperfusion DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial taking Wistar rats as experimental subjects.SETTING: The Basic Medical Department of Chengde Medical College and the Geriatric Department of the Affiliated Hospital.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Imunnohistochemical Laboratory of Basic Medical Institute in Chengde Medical College from February to December in 2004. A total of 30 healthy male Wistar rats were selected, and at random classified as groups of radix astragali pre-treated (radix astragali), ischemic reperfusion and psuedo-operated (control), 10 rats for each group.METHODS: Radix astragali injection was given peritonealy for rats in radix astragali pre-treated group before operation, and the equivalent normai saline was given for those in ischemic reperfusion and psuedo-operated groups. One week later, the model of ischemic reperfusion was set up. After operation the myocardia in marginal zone of ischemic reperfusion were sampled, and the myocardia of the corresponding zone were taken for control group. The method of terminal (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used for assay of myocardial apoptosis rate, and the ABC immunohistochemical method was used for assay of myocardial bcl-2 (inhibiting apoptosis gene) and bax (promoting apoptosis gene).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Apoptosis rates, and expression of bcl2 and bax genes of myocardia RESULTS: ① Apoptosis rate of myocardial cells: The rate in radix astragali group was decreased compared with that in ischemic reperfusion group [ (14.06 ±9.97) ％, (19.34±12.30) ％, t = 1.863, P ＜ 0.05].② Expression of bcl-2: There was no significant difference between radix astragali and ischemic reperfusion groups[(9.14±4.46) ％, (8.99±4.54) ％, P ＜ 0.05].③ Expression of bax: The expression in radix astragali group was decreased compared with that in ischemic reperfusion group [(12.65 ±7.23)％,(18.12±7.92) ％, t = 2.096, P ＜ 0.05]CONCLUSION: Pre-treatment with radix astragali can down-regulate the expression of promoting apoptosis gene so as to reduce the rate of myocardial cell apoptosis, hence it can protect the myocardial cells in ischemic reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of technical modification for laparoscopic repair of giant hiatal hernias.Methods A total of 49 patients with giant hiatal hernia underwent modified laparoscopic repair by dissecting sac, closing hiatal, mesh placement and fundoplication from June 2010 to May 2014.The operation time, hospitalization time, postoperative complications, upper gastrointestinal imaging and improvement of postoperative symptoms were observed.Results The average operation time was (103.6 ±31.7) min(88-173min).The average length of post operation hospitalization was (4.2 ± 1.8) d (range,3-12d).Postoperative complication occurred in 4 patients,including pleural effusion (1 patient),respiratory failure (1 patient), difficulty in swallowing (2 patients)with complication occurrence rate being 8.2％ (4/49).No conversion or death occurred.The average time of follow-up was (28.3 ± 12.7) months (6-50 months) in 49 cases.During the follow-up, main symptoms were relieved and no recurrence was found by barium swallow.Conclusion Technical modification for laparoscopic repair of giant hiatal hernias is safe and effective.

Objective: To investigate the effects of fosinppril on myocardial cell apoptosis and apoptosis-associated gene expression in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats.
Methods: CHF model was established by partially banding of abdominal aorta superior to renal artery. The experimental rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham operation group and CHF group, the rats in both groups received stomach normal saline; Fosinopril group, the rats received stomach fosinopril 10 mg/kg?d.n=10 in each group and all animals were treated for 8 weeks. LVEDP, ±dp/dtmax and LVMI were examined, left ventricular myocardial cell apoptotic index (AI) was measured by TUNEL method, Bcl-2 and Bax protein levels were detected by immunohistochemistry and caspase-3 protein expression was assessed by Western blotting.
Results: Compared with Sham operation group, CHF group had increased LVEDP, LVMI, AI, elevated protein expressions of Bax and Caspase-3,P<0.01; while decreased ±dp/dtmax, reduced protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax,P<0.01. Compared with CHF group, Fosinopril group presented decreased LVEDP, LVMI, AI, reduced protein expressions of Bax and Caspase-3,P<0.01; while increased ±dp/dtmax, elevated protein expression of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, P<0.01.
Conclusion: Fosinopril may inhibit myocardial cell apoptosis which occurred during CHF, by up-regulating Bcl-2 expression and down-regulating expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 in CHF rats, therefore improve the cardiac function.