Objective To learn current needs of and satisfaction with health management among liver or kidney transplant recipients.Methods Our data,including needs of and satisfaction with physical or mental management and social supports,were from China Transplant Recipients Health Research Project.Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results There was a gap between needs of and satisfaction with knowledge management of surgical operation and medication (x2 values were 22.2 and 34.2,respectively ; both P ＜0.05).No significant difference was found between needs of and satisfaction with knowledge management of appetite,energy status and physical comfort (x2 values were 25.5,30.7 and 26.3,respectively; all P ＜0.05).Difference between needs of and satisfaction with respection or understanding and support from family numbers,trust by colleagues and friends,stress release,personal performance and success,social support,friend making,leisure and entertainment activities,and improved quality of life was statistically significant (x2 values were 46.5,43.4,39.2,19.2,31.9,23.7,117.7,258.4,59.6 and 33.3,respectively ; all P ＜0.05).Conclusion Management of disease,medication,and physiological-psychological-social supports may affect health outcomes of transplant recipients,and current health management system could not meet the needs of this population.

Benign biliary strictures(BBS) have different etiologies, and the most common causes are strictures secondary to iatrogenic and ischemic injury after hepatobiliary and transplantation surgery. Fibroblast proliferating activity, extracellular matrix overdeposition and scar proliferation are closely related to BBS. The mechanism of development of BBS involves a variety of cells, cytokines and extracellular matrix. In recent years, biological treatment is emerging as an effective option for BBS, but the clinical application is not yet mature and the curative effect needs to be evaluated further in the future.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the occurrence of bully/victim incidents among children and to explore children's implicit attitudes towards the phenomenon of being bullied.These children were grouped into 4 types,which were the bully children,the victim children,the bully/victim children and the non-involved children,respectively.Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 1 100 pupils from 3 primary schools in Henan area.The 1 100 children were investigated with bully/victim questionnaire (pupil version).Among them,78 children who were involved in bullying(including 30 bully children,18 victim children and 30 bully/victim children) and 29 non-involved children were selected and investigated with implicit association test(IAT).Results 1.Among all the 1 029 effective participants,74 were the bully children,121 were the victim children and 101 were the bully/victim children.The total number of those were in bullying amounted to 296,which meant that about 28.8％ (296/1 029 cases) children were involved in the issue of bullying.2.In general,the subjects showed significant differences between compatible task reaction time (1 324.083 ± 458.373) ms and incompatible task reaction time (1 463.963 ± 501.254) ms in IAT (t =3.063,P ＜ 0.01).3.Among the 4 types of children,bully/victim children showed significant differences between compatible task reaction time(1 237.838 ±449.731) ms and incompatible task reaction time (1 428.754 ± 539.634) ms in IAT (t =2.301,P ＜ 0.05).Non-involved children also showed significant differences between compatible task reaction time (1 512.389 ± 557.354) ms and incompatible task reaction time (1 777.404 ± 441.373) ms in IAT(t =3.129,P ＜ 0.01).4.Bully children didn't show obvious differences between compatible task reaction time (1 304.007 ± 400.530) ms and incompatible task reaction time (1 287.236-± 405.017)ms in IAT (t =0.308,P ＞ 0.05).Victim children didn't show obvious differences between compatible task reaction time (1 178.900 ± 280.539) ms and incompatible task reaction time (1 292.635 ± 467.531) ms in IAT (t =0.821,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Children's implicit attitudes towards being bullied are negative,considering it as not good.Non-involved children and bully/victim children show more negative implicit attitudes towards being bullied.

30?) and 33 subjects of low angle (MP/FH

Objective To develop and identify the monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against Region II~+ motif in circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with 12 peptides within Region Ⅱ~+ in circumsporozoite protein of P. falciparum. Spleen cells isolated from the immunized mice were fused with myeloma cell. After three times screening with ELISA, 3 positive hybridoma cell lines were obtained. Results ELISA test indicated that the McAbs reacted with recombinant circumsporozoite protein fragment containing tandemly repeat region and conserved Region II~+. IFA test showed that the McAbs recognized not only the sporozoites of P. falciparum, but also the sporozoifes of P. yoelii. Conclusion McAbs obtained can probe the Region II~+ motif in circumsporozoite protein of P. falciparum, which might also recognize that of other Plasmodium species.

0 05). For enalapril treatment, the total efficacy rate in patients in Tibet and coastal areas was 96 0% and 77 6%( P 0 05).

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the recurrencerelative factors of early glottic carcinoma after carbon dioxide laser treatment. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of 134 early glottic carcinoma patients' clinical data was taken to analyze the relationships between recurrence and gender, age, pathologic degree, T stage, involvement of anterior commissure and involvement of thyroarytenoid muscle. RESULT: Recurrent ratio of well-differentiated, middle-differentiated and poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were 11.83%, 18.42% and 33.33% (P > 0.05) respectively. Recurrent ratio of T1a, T1b, T2 were 13.24%, 18.92%, 23.08% (P > 0.05) respectively. The recurrent rate was 33.33% of tumors offended the anterior commissure, versus 5.43% with no involvement of anterior commissure (P < 0.01). The recurrent rate was 59.09% of tumors offended the thyroarytenoid muscle, versus 5.36% with no involvement of thyroarytenoid muscle (P < 0.01). Unvaried and multivariate analysis indicated that the involvement of anterior commissure and the involvement of thyroarytenoid muscle were the factors of recurrence. CONCLUSION Recurrence of early glottic carcinoma after carbon dioxide laser treatment is effected by the involvement of anterior commissure and the involvement of thyroarytenoid muscle. Resection can be performed conservatively according to evaluation of macroscopic tumour extension.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Glottis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Laryngectomy ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Gas ; Microsurgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the endovascular interventional minimally invasive techniques(IMIT)for treatment of carotid artery iniury. Methods A total of 111 cases of carotid artery injury diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA)were treated with IMIT.Except for 1 case of extracranial segment injury of internal carotid artery treated with transcatheter stentgraft placement to obturate the rupture of carotid artery,the other 110 cases of intracranial segment injury of internal carotid artery(ICA)were treated with embolization with balloons in 73,embolization with coils in 12,injection of NBCA and PVA in 6,stent-graft placement in 11 and embolization with multiple materials in 8. Results Angiography demonstrated rupture of extracranial segment of internal carotid artery and arteriovenous fistula(AVF)at the neck in 1 case,traumatic carotid cavernous fistula(TCCF)in 83.traumatic pseudoaneurysm at intracranial segment of carotid artery in 14 and both TCCF and pseudoaneurysm in 13.The interventional treatment succeeded in all cases and interual carotid arteries were well protected in 62 cases.Completion angiography documented complete obliteration of the fistulas,with complete disappearance of the clinical symptoms in 110 cases and improvement in 1.Minor complications occurred in 2 cases,without death occurred.During the follow-up for 1-14 months,16 cases reexamined with DSA,which showed that the symptoms of 3 cases reoccurred,2 of whom were cured by re-embolization and 1 was under clinical observation. Conclusions IMIT including transcatheter selective embolization and stent-graft implantation is minimally invasive,safe and effective for treatment of carotid artery injury.

Objective To investigate the practical value of Shikani optical stylet used for orotracheal intubation in critically conscious patients and to evaluate the successful rate. Method A total of 48 conscious patients with severe respiratory failure were selected from January 2008 to June 2009. Of them, there were 31 males and 17 females,aging 21-86 years old with an average of 57 years old. All enrolled patients needed endotracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation support, and they were assigned to Shikani group (group S, n = 25) and Macintosh group (group M, n = 23) according to the odd and even number of date of admission to this study. The time consumed for intubation, the number of failure in intubation, the adverse effects or complications such as hemodynam-ic changes, injury to the pharyngo-oral cavity, choking and breath-hold were observed and recorded. The rank test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results The ratio of the successful intubation at first attempt was much higher in group S (96.0%) than that in group M (60.9%) (P <0.01). Compared with group M, the time consumed for intubation was significantly shortened, the cardiovascular reactions were much mild, and the incidence of injury to pharyngo-oral cavity, choking and breath-hold were less in the group S ( P < 0.01 all). Conclusions For the acute and critical patients, especially the conscious ones, orotracheal intubation with the Shikani optical stylet is rapid, successful, safe and less injurious, resulting in mild cardiovascular reactions.

BACKGROUND: Functional injury of brain and limb induced by hemorrhage of cerebral arteriovenous malformation could be restored by rehabilitative treatment OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative effect of rehabilitation on restoration of the functional injury of the brain and limbs induced by bleeding of hemorrhage cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) after embolization.DESIGN: Case analysis.SETTING: Department of Interventional Medicine of General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: From January 1996 to December 2001, a total 56 patients who were diagaosed as cerebral hemorrhage or intraventricle hemorrhage by CT or MRI scanning was selected from General Hospital of Chinese PLA.METHODS: All 56 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation were diagnosed by DSA. Rehabilitative treatment was performed with α-butyl cyanoac-rylate or radian surgery. Rehabilitative therapy were as follow: [1] Electric stimulate: S J-Ⅱ type nerve-muscle therapy instrument was used to stimulate the muscles (flexor and extensor) of limbs in the involved side, intensity of which is from weak to strong and frequency of which was from 2 to 3 or 4 per day; [2] Acupuncture: The selected points are:Fengchi, Fengfu, Yintang, Shangxing, Baihui, Quchi, Waiguan, Hegu,Huantiao, Zusanli, Yanglingquan, Sanyinjiao, Taichong, et al. In those who suffered aphasia, lianquan, Jinjin, Yuye were selected. Once a day and a period of treatment was 2 weeks; [3] physical training: the passive movement on the joint in the involved limbs were performed in grade 0 to 1 of muscle strength, the balance training of sitting on bed or standing beside the bed in grade 1 to 2, walking training in grade 2 to 3. The training intensity should be from weak to strong gradually. The items of observation were the improvement in speaking, sense and activity in limbs in the involved side. Evaluation of myodynamia was referenced to 6 grading method of Lovett.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: [1] the degree of embolism; [2] the degree of speaking fluency, the sense of limbs and the strength of the muscles of the limbs.RESULTS: Totally 56 cases entered the final analysis without any loss. [1]Degree of embolism: Among 56 cases, 100% focus was eliminated for 77% in 43 cases, 90% was eliminated for 12% in 7 cases and 60%-80% was eliminated for 11% in 6 cases. [2] Fluency of language: Before the treatment of rehabilitation, they suffered different degree impediment of speaking in 14 cases, improvement in 14 cases and obvious improvement in 11 cases. [3] Sense of limb:The sense of limbs was improved in 23 cases and 18 of them improved obviously. [4] Strength of muscles: The strength of muscles in 0 to 1 grade in 3 cases, 1 to 2 grade in 11 cases, 2 to 3 grade in 15 cases. But after the treatment of rehabilitation, speaking ability was improved in 14 cases, and 11 of them improved obviously. The strength of muscles was. resumed to 2 or 3 grade from 0or 1 grade in 2 cases, and to 4 grade in 21 cases and 5 grade in 6 cases.CONCLUSION: Endovascular embolization is a minimal traumatic, the rehabilitative therapy which is secure and effective method for treatment of high risk cerebral AVM, can promote motion function, language function and ability of activity of daily living, and quality of life of patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation after embolism.