BACKGROUND:Silicon plays an essential role in bone development and bioactive silicate glasses pioneered the current era of bioactive materials. Various biomaterials have been developed based on the biological function of silicon. OBJECTIVE:To explore the biological function of silicon and research process of silicon in biomaterials. METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of CNKI, PubMed, SpringerLink and Elsevier ScienceDirect databases was performed to search the relevant literatures concerning the biological function of silicon and its application in biomaterials. Al data were primarily screened to exclude repeated and irrelevant articles. Literatures about the application of silicon in biomaterials were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 68 eligible English articles are enroled. Silicon plays important chemical and biological roles in bone. Silicon in the extracelular matrix interacts with glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans during their synthesis and form ionic substitutions in the crystal lattice structure of hydroxyapatite. In addition, the dissolution products of bioactive glass (mainly silicic acid) expose significant influence on the molecular biology of osteoblasts in vitro, and can regulate the expressions of several genes including osteoblastic markers, cel cycle regulators and extracelular matrix proteins. Silicon has been proved to improve the bioactivity of numerous materials and do no harm to their mechanical properties and without cytotoxicity.

Objective To investigate the effect of half-body ionizing radiation on the concentration of MDA, SOD in serum and the spleen index, CFU-S and the protective function of supplementary taurine (Tau) in half-body ionizing irradiated mice. Methods Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control, total-body irradiation (TBI), total-body irradiation+Tau, left-half-body irradiation, half-body irradiation+Tau, and total-body shielding irradiation. The relevant indexes such as the spleen index, spleen colony forming units (CFU-S) were observed. The ionizing radiation was performed under ~ 60 Co ? ray with absorbed dose 8.0 Gy, dose rate 68.46 cGy/min. Taurine at dose of 500 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally twice a day before irradiation, once 30 min before irradiation, and once 6 h after irradiation. Results In TBI group, the spleen index and CFU-S were decreased remarkably, MDA increased and SOD reduced in serum. The hematopoietic function of spleen was not improved by supplementary taurine (P

In subjects aged above 40 years old in Pudong,Shanghai,the annual progression rates from normal glucose regulation to impaired glucose tolerance and to diabetes were 9.5%and 4.4%respectively.and the annual progression rate in subjects with impaired Slucose regulation to diabetes was 20.2%.The conversion rate to diabetes increased along with elevated number of risk factors.

Objective To investigate the correlation and clinicopathological features of ATAD2 and E-cadherin expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and role of ATAD2 in HCC cells invasion and metastases.Methods The expressions of ATAD2 and E-cadherin in 90 HCC specimens and 16 specimens collected from peritumoral tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) test.The correlations between ATAD2 and E-cadherin expression and clinicopathological features were analyzed.The lentiviral vector of sh-ATAD2 RNA was used to interfere with ATAD2 expression.Western blot was performed to evaluate the changes of E-cadherin and Vimentin expression in HCC cells after ATAD2 expression interference.The role of ATAD2 in HCC cells invasion and metastasis was assessed by Transwell analysis.Results ATAD2 protein expression was obviously upregulated in HCC tissue compared to peritumoral tissue (56.7％ vs.31.3％,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,E-cadherin expression was significantly downregulated in HCC tissue (43.3％ vs.68.7％,P ＜0.05).ATAD2 and E-cadherin expressions were both correlated with HCC metastasis (P ＜ 0.05).Correlation analysis demonstrated that the ATAD2 expression was negatively correlated with E-cadherin (r =-0.263,P ＜ 0.05).After interfering ATAD2 expression,cell migration and invasion of HCCLM3 cells were suppressed (migration,42.5 ± 2.6 vs.78.1 ± 3.8,P ＜ 0.05;invasion,33.0 ± 4.7 vs.72.7 ± 5.6,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the E-cadherin expression was remarkably upregulated (P ＜ 0.05).However,the Vimentin expression downregulated (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ATAD2 expression was upregulated in HCC,and silencing ATAD2 could upregulate E-cadherin expression and downregulate Vimentin expression,and inhibit the invasion and metastasis of HCC cells.Modulating E-cadherin expression may be the potential mechanism of ATAD2 in HCC invasion and metastasis.

Objective To analyse the current scientific research situation of the young doctors in Zhongshan Hospital.Methods We surveyed the young doctors with a questionnaire for their basic information,scientific research projects and published papers,research motivations and difficulties in scientific research.Results Their quantity of research projects and production of papers were less than that they were expected.The main motivation for scientific research was to gain promotion and their primary difficulty was heavy load of clinical work.Conclusion There is a gap between the general level of the young doctors in scientific research and the development require of Zhongshan hospital.

Objective To observe the effects of Jiuxieling Granules on the expressions of MyD88 and IRAK1 in ulcerative colitis model rats with spleen-kidney yang deficiency; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods Animal models were established by compound methods. 90 Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, positive medicine group, and Jiuxieling Granules high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Each administration group was given relevant medicine for gavage. RT-qPCR, SP immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and proteins of MyD88 and IRAK1 in colon tissues. Results Compared with the blank group, mRNA and proteins of MyD88 and IRAK1 in the model group increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, mRNA and proteins of MyD88 and IRAK1 in each administration group decreased (P<0.01), especially in Jiuxieling Granules high-dose group. Conclusion Jiuxieling Granules can reduce the expressions of MyD88 and IRAK1, and then influence the transmission of MyD88 signaling pathway and block the release of downstream inflammatory factors to achieve the result of treating ulcerative colitis with spleen-kidney yang deficiency.

Objective To explore the role of National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC) funding on improving medical research of China,based on the SCIE paper output of a teaching hospital in East China,in order to provide evidence-based decision-making basis for hospital management of scientific research and discipline construction.Methods SCIE output of a teaching hospital in East China during 2009-2015 was retrieved based on the web of science (WOS) platform.The papers funded by the NSFC were further analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2015,the output of SCIE of the hospital showed a steady upward trend,with an annual growth rate of 26.10％.Among them,the NSFC funded project output 835 papers SCIE,accounting for 46.62％oo of the total paper;and the absolute value of the output of the paper showed an upward trend year by year,an increase of 49.52％.The main subjects of the NSFC funded by the hospital focus on oncology,liver disease and digestive system diseases and cardiovascular and cardiovascular diseases,and the hospital's clinical status basically.The quality of the journals published by the NSFC SCIE project funded by the hospital was significantly improved.Conclusions NSFC funding plays an important role in improving the output and quality of SCIE papers in clinical medicine,which should be paid attention to in scientific research management and decision-making.

Objective To investigate the choice of surgical procedures in the treatment of temporal occipital epidural hematomas.Methods From March 2006 to March 2011,176 cases with acute temporal occipital epidural hematomas were treated in our hospital.Their clinical data including preoperative Glasgow Coma Sale (GCS),pupil size,hematoma volume,cerebrospinal fluid leakage,time between injury and operation,cerebral midline shift on CT,and brain beat and brain swelling in the operation were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were significant differences in the choice of surgical treatment and prognosis of temporal occipital epidural hematoma according to the preoperative GCS score,pupillary changes,hematoma volume,length of time before surgery,shift of cerebral midline structures,and brain beat and brain swelling in the operation.Conclusion Appropriate surgical procedures selected according to their preoperative and intraoperative conditions is of significant importance for sound prognosis of the patients with acute temporal occipital epidural hematoma.

［18F］6-fluoro-3, 4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine(［18F］F-DOPA)has been used as a radiotracer for Parkinson′s disease over 30 years. The previously reported electrophilic synthesis method has low radiochemical yield(RCY), low specific activity(SA)and other defects. Recent reported nucleophilic synthesis of ［18F］F-DOPA could overcome the disadvantages. In this paper, the nucleophilic synthetic methods for ［18F］F-DOPA are reviewed.